Sonographic Assessment of Renal Transplant Anastomotic Pseudoaneurysm: A Case Study

Renal transplant anastomotic pseudoaneurysms (RTAPs) are a rare vascular postoperative complication. The etiology of these pseudoaneurysms is attributed to infection or surgical vessel damage. RTAPs can lead to allograft dysfunction, allograft loss, or patient mortality due to rupture or sepsis. Because of these serious complications, expedient diagnosis is imperative for initiating surgical intervention and medical management. Sonography is a useful imaging modality for diagnosing and characterizing RTAPs. The sonographic findings, although not often described in detail in the literature, are definitive and unique. This case report describes the sonographic findings of a patient 22 days post renal autotransplant, who presented with excruciating abdominal pain. Sonographic examination identified multiple classic pseudoaneurysm findings and demonstrated intrarenal and extrarenal vascular abnormalities.