MemBrain v2: an end-to-end tool for the analysis of membranes in cryo-electron tomography

MemBrain v2 is a deep learning-enabled program aimed at the efficient analysis of membranes in cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET). The final v2 release of MemBrain will comprise three main modules: 1) MemBrain-seg, which provides automated membrane segmentation, 2) MemBrain-pick, which provides automated picking of particles along segmented membranes, and 3) MemBrain-stats, which provides quantitative statistics of particle distributions and membrane morphometrics. This initial version of the manuscript is focused on the beta release of MemBrain-seg, which combines iterative training with diverse data and specialized Fourier-based data augmentations. These augmentations are specifically designed to enhance the tool’s adaptability to a variety of tomographic data and address common challenges in cryo-ET analysis. A key feature of MemBrain-seg is the implementation of the Surface-Dice loss function, which improves the network’s focus on membrane connectivity and allows for the effective incorporation of manual annotations from different sources. This function is beneficial in handling the variability inherent in membrane structures and annotations. Our ongoing collaboration with the cryo-ET community plays an important role in continually improving MemBrain v2 with a wide array of training data. This collaborative approach ensures that MemBrain v2 remains attuned to the field’s needs, enhancing its robustness and generalizability across different types of tomographic data. The current version of MemBrain-seg is available at , and the predecessor of MemBrain-pick (also called MemBrain v1) is deposited at . This preprint will be updated concomitantly with the code until the three integrated modules of MemBrain v2 are complete. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.