许昌学院

Inorganic lead-free halide perovskites (LFHPs) are emerging as eco-friendly alternatives to toxic Pb-based counterparts in photodetectors. This review establishes a ‘composition–dimension–interface triadic optimization framework’ to advance LFHPs. We first elucidate the stability rules of ABX3 and derivatives (e.g., A2B+B3+X6 double perovskites), emphasizing the critical role of Bi3+ lone-pair electrons in defect tolerance. Next, dimensional engineering is explored, revealing 3DOM architectures as ideal platforms for light harvesting, while 0D nanocrystals enable ultrahigh quantum yields. Innovations in transport layers, particularly SnO2 ETLs paired with Cs2AgBiBr6, achieve >180-day stability. Despite detectivities up to 1013 Jones, LFHPs lag in carrier mobility (<10 cm2 V−1 s−1) due to interfacial recombination. We propose a hierarchical roadmap: defect suppression via Rb+/Cu+ doping (short-term), scalable 2D/3D hybrid fabrication (mid-term), and perovskite/Si tandem cells (long-term). This work not only benchmarks the progress of LFHPs but also provides actionable strategies to bridge the efficiency gap with Pb-based devices.

The electron spin of nitrogen-vacancy center and the phonon mode of mechanical resonator are widely adopted to explore information science and technology, in which the preparation of entangled states in a fast and robust manner is of significance. Here we present a scheme for creating an entangled W state by the technique of shortcut to adiabaticity. Two electron spins are magnetically coupled to a common mechanical resonator, and each spin is individually driven by a classical pulse. By encoding the dressed states of the microwave-driven spin to a logic qubit manifold, we obtain an effective spin-resonator-spin system. By suitably engineering the invariant-based shortcut with constant Rabi rates, one-step generation of a tripartite entangled state can be realized without the adiabatic constraint. We further analyze the decoherence effects and the robustness against the Rabi rate inaccuracies and timing error. The strategy could provide a promising avenue to generate entangled states with the hybrid system.

Microbial solidification technology can effectively enhance the strength of sandy soil, but it will cause obvious brittleness. There are a large number of discarded clothes, which are prone to cause environmental pollution. This paper proposed a method combining the reinforcement of discarded clothing fiber with microbial solidification. Polyester and pure cotton clothing fibers with mass fractions of 0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4% were uniformly mixed with standard sand, and then the sand samples were solidified based on microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology. The results showed that discarded clothing fiber not only enhanced the mechanical strength of MICP-treated sand samples, but also increased the ductility of the sand samples. An appropriate amount of fiber was randomly distributed in the sand samples to form a network structure, which could restrain the displacement of sand particles, increase the strength and improve the brittleness of MICP-treated sand samples. Taking all indicators into account, the reinforcing effect of polyester clothing fiber was superior to that of pure cotton clothing fiber, and the optimal fiber content was 0.3%. This research provides an effective method for recycling discarded clothes and promotes the application of fiber-reinforced MICP-treated sand in practical engineering.

In this work, ZnO nanosheets were prepared with different precursor concentrations by a simple hydrothermal method. ZnO nanosheets were prepared with Zn(NO3)2.6H2O as the precursor, NaOH as the precipitant and the deionized water as the solvent. The products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. The grain boundary potential barrier (GBPB) was tested by conductive atomic force microscope (CAFM). Their gas sensing performance were investigated under different precursor concentrations, atmospheres and working temperatures. The ZnO nanosheets-based gas sensor showed high sensitivity and selectivity to ethanol at the optimal operating temperature of 250 ℃. The gas sensing mechanism conforms to the GBPB model.

Chaotic systems have been widely applied in data encryption to enhance security. This paper proposes a memristive Hopfield neural network-like map (MHLM) by incorporating a discrete memristor into a discrete bi-neuron Hopfield neural network. Theoretical analysis reveals that this map possesses an unstable invariant set under specific parameters. This property enables the offset-control grid coexisting hyperchaotic attractors to be regularly distributed in the phase space, providing excellent pseudo-random sequences for cryptographic applications. Based on Shamir’s secret sharing method, we develop a multi-channel cyclic data encryption scheme that integrates dynamically generated secret sharing, chaotic block-swap scrambling, and cyclic diffusion leveraging the offset-control grid hyperchaos. The scheme can achieve the parallel transmission through multiple channels and support discarding redundant and corrupted data, thereby significantly enhancing security and fault tolerance while improving transmission efficiency. Statistical testing and experimental results validate the excellent randomness of the hyperchaotic sequences and demonstrate the scheme’s effectiveness in resisting cryptographic attacks for secure data communication.