保定职业技术学院

Against the background of global warming, heat stress has become a critical issue endangering the health and production performance of laying hens. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid (HX) on acute heat-stressed laying hens. A total of 90 laying hens were randomly divided into control (CON), model (MOD), low-dose (HX-L), medium-dose (HX-M), and high-dose (HX-H) groups, with six replicates per group and three hens per replicate. The MOD and HX groups were exposed to 34°C and 70%–80% relative humidity for 12 h/day for 5 days, with cold-water stimulation provided from days 2 to 5. During the administration period, HX was orally administered at doses of 0.15, 0.30, and 0.60 mL/hen/day to the HX-L, HX-M, and HX-H groups, respectively. Laying performance, egg quality, and antioxidant activities were decreased when the hens were exposed to a heat stress environment. After heat stress, the intestinal morphology of laying hens changed and cecal microbial homeostasis was disrupted. Following HX supplementation, laying rate, eggshell strength, Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, Immunoglobulin A (IgA), Immunoglobulin M (IgM), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels and the relative abundance of Bacteroidota are increased, whereas the feed/egg ratio and malondialdehyde (MDA) content are decreased. Interestingly, superior improvements in all above parameters are observed in HX-M and HX-H groups, while no significant differences are detected between these two groups (P > 0.05). In conclusion, HX effectively alleviates heat stress-induced intestinal damage, oxidative stress, and production decline in laying hens by reshaping gut microbiota. This may be attributed to the presence of magnolol, honokiol, and patchouli oil in HX. Considering the dose dependence and cost factors, the HX-M has been determined as the optimal dose.

The gut microbiota is closely associated with the development of fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS); however, the function of its viral component, particularly bacteriophages, remains poorly understood. This study compared clinical parameters and the cecal phageome between 30-week-old (W30) and 50-week-old (W50) laying hens to characterize gut phages in the context of this metabolic disorder. Clinical analysis revealed that the W50 group exhibited typical FLHS, accompanied by elevated serum liver function and lipid markers (P < 0.05). Functional prediction of the gut microbiota suggested a reduced lipid-metabolic capacity in W50 compared to the W30 group. A total of 20,274 phage genomes were identified from the two groups. These phages were primarily classified into 67 viral families, including Salasmaviridae, Herelleviridae, Suoliviridae, Peduoviridae, Crevaviridae, and Casjensviridae. The families Druskaviridae, Felixviridae, and Stanwilliamsviridae were uniquely detected in the W50 group. The phage community structure differed significantly between groups, with both phage diversity and richness markedly lower in W50 (P < 0.05). LEfSe analysis revealed that phage taxa such as Stegnyidae, Herpelidae, and Chasovidae were significantly enriched in the W50 group, whereas Crewdviridae, Salasmaviridae, and Castroviridae were predominantly enriched in the W30 group. Functional annotation showed that these phages encode numerous metabolism-related genes and carry antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) as well as virulence factor genes. Notably, the diversity of ARGs carried by W50 phages was significantly higher (P < 0.05), and ARG-rank analysis indicated a greater potential risk to human health. This study provides the first characterization of the gut phageome associated with FLHS in laying hens and confirms that gut phages constitute an important reservoir of ARGs. These findings offer a new perspective for understanding the pathogenesis of this disease and its associated public health risks.

IntroductionThis study explores the relationships among gratitude, perceived social support, prosocial tendencies, and psychological well-being (PWB) in Chinese university students. Despite growing interest in these constructs, the mechanisms through which gratitude and social support influence PWB remain underexplored, particularly in collectivist cultural contexts where social harmony and interdependence are prioritized.MethodsData were collected from 703 Chinese university students using validated instruments measuring gratitude, perceived social support, prosocial tendencies, and psychological well-being. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the direct and indirect effects of gratitude and social support on PWB, with prosocial tendencies modeled as a mediating higher-order factor. Multi-group SEM analysis was conducted to examine gender invariance.ResultsGratitude and perceived social support significantly predicted PWB, both directly and indirectly through prosocial tendencies. Gratitude had a strong positive effect on prosocial tendencies (β = 0.412, p < 0.001), which, in turn, significantly contributed to PWB (β = 0.465, p < 0.001). Similarly, perceived social support positively influenced prosocial tendencies (β = 0.375, p < 0.001) and PWB (β = 0.253, p < 0.05). Mediation analysis confirmed that prosocial tendencies partially mediated these relationships. Multi-group SEM analysis revealed structural invariance across gender.DiscussionThe findings underscore the cultural relevance of gratitude and social support within Chinese society, emphasizing the role of collectivist values in fostering PWB. Practical implications include implementing gratitude-focused interventions and enhancing peer support systems within university mental health programs to promote resilience and well-being among students.

Experimental and theoretical results on the performance of coal gasification slag bidirectional concrete slabs were used to evaluate the utilization of coal gasification slag (CGS) as a solid waste in the construction industry. Four bidirectional concrete slabs were examined using the concentrated load method. Among them, C40 was a regular concrete slab without CGS, whereas C30Z20, C40Z20, and C50Z20 were three types of concrete slabs with three kinds of strength prepared by replacing 20

The rapid growth of AI and IoT has increased data and computation demands, creating latency, bandwidth, and privacy challenges for traditional cloud models. This research proposes an edge-computing-based AI control framework using two heuristic algorithms: RD-TDC for maximizing task collection under resource limits and TS-BRD for reducing waiting time through adaptive scheduling. Together, they improve data handling and resource allocation. Simulations show up to 30% better deadline satisfaction, CPU usage, and task completion compared to FCFS and EDF. The framework is scalable for large, latency-sensitive edge environments and supports efficient AI-edge integration.