食品生产，保健食品生产，化妆品生产，酒制品生产，茶叶制品生产，药品生产，日用化学产品制造，卫生用品和一次性使用医疗用品生产，家用电器制造，食品用洗涤剂生产，食品添加剂生产，饮料生产，消毒剂生产（不含危险化学品），粮食加工食品生产，特殊医学用途配方食品生产，母婴用品制造，服装制造，服饰制造，皮革制品制造，家用纺织制成品制造，日用杂品制造，照明器具制造，移动终端设备制造，玩具制造，家居用品制造，眼镜制造，体育用品制造，普通玻璃容器制造，可穿戴智能设备制造，文具制造，塑料制品制造，劳动保护用品生产。食品进出口，进出口代理，货物进出口，食品经营，保健食品销售，化妆品零售，化妆品批发，日用品销售，日用化学产品销售，日用品批发，专用化学产品销售（不含危险化学品），厨具卫具及日用杂品批发，个人卫生用品销售，家用电器销售，日用家电零售，出版物批发，出版物零售，消毒剂销售（不含危险化学品），体育用品及器材零售，体育用品及器材批发，针纺织品及原料销售，服装服饰批发，服装服饰零售，文具用品零售，文具用品批发，电子产品销售，计算机软硬件及辅助设备批发，计算机软硬件及辅助设备零售，通讯设备销售，劳动保护用品销售，机械设备销售，玩具销售，化工产品销售（不含许可类化工产品），互联网销售（除销售需要许可的商品），食品互联网销售，出版物互联网销售，家具安装和维修服务，日用产品修理，日用电器修理，计算机及办公设备维修，信息技术咨询服务，药品批发，中草药收购，外卖递送服务，道路货物运输（不含危险货物），国际货物运输代理，国内货物运输代理，仓储设备租赁服务，非居住房地产租赁，机械设备租赁，日用品出租，医学研究和试验发展，技术服务、技术开发、技术咨询、技术交流、技术转让、技术推广，普通货物仓储服务（不含危险化学品等需许可审批的项目），粮油仓储服务，信息咨询服务（不含许可类信息咨询服务），健康咨询服务（不含诊疗服务），餐饮服务，生活美容服务，从事直销业务。（直销产品应属于国家规定的直销产品。）(依法须经批准的项目，经相关部门批准后方可开展经营活动)〓
Objective:Grifola frondosa,a medicinal mushroom,is widely used to enhance immunity and treat cancer.Polysaccharides are its primary active components.We aimed to investigate the effects of the alkaloid G.frondosa polysaccharide(GFP)extract on immunity and gut microbiota. Methods:Alkaloid GFP was extracted using an alkaline extraction method,followed by hollow-fiber microfiltration.The molecular weight of alkaloid GFP was determined by high-performance gel permeation chromatography(HPGPC).Monosaccharide composition was analyzed by pre-column derivatization combined with high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Methylation analysis was performed to characterize glycosidic linkages in alkaloid GFP.The immune function of alkaloid GFP was assessed in a cyclophosphamide(CTX)-induced immunosuppressive mouse model.Splenic lymphocyte proliferation,macrophage phagocytic capacity,and natural killer(NK)cell cytotoxicity were evaluated.The effect of alkaloid GFP on gut microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results:The molecular weight distribution of alkaloid GFP ranged from 17 to 18 kDa.The alkaloid GFP contained a β-(1→6)-glucan backbone branched at O-3 by β-1,3-D-Glcp.Oral administration of alkaloid GFP mitigated the effects of CTX on spleen index,splenic lymphocyte proliferation,and peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis.Additionally,alkaloid GFP improved the gut microbiota composition of immunosuppressed mice,increasing the relative abundances of Ligilactobacillus and Lactobacillus. Conclusions:Alkaloid GFP demonstrated immune-enhancing effects and gut microbiota regulatory activity,providing a basis for developing related health food ingredients.
In this work, the enzymatic hydrolysates of soybean protein were treated with acid at different pH values, and the differences in physicochemical properties, taste characteristics and in vitro antioxidant activities of the products were analyzed. Meanwhile, changes in peptide composition were also analyzed based on the peptidomics analysis to investigate the preparation characteristics of acid-soluble soy protein hydrolysates. The results showed an evident decrease in nitrogen recovery rate and total free amino acid contents after the acid treatment process. Nevertheless, only slight changes were observed in the antioxidant activity and peptide molecular weight distribution of the products.When the hydrolysates were acid-treated at pH5, the content of bitter hydrophobic amino acids was reduced, thereby the bitterness decreased. Additionally, the peptides identified from the enzymatic hydrolysates of soybean protein were primarily presented with the length values ranging from 2 to 5. For products treated at pH3, more pentapeptides and octapeptides were observed through the peptidomic analysis, while minor changes were observed for those treated at pH5. Moreover, compared with the product treated at pH3, the bitter taste of the hydrolysates could be evidently reduced after the acid treatment at pH5. Therefore, the acid treatment at pH5 was recommended for preparation of the acid-soluble soybean protein hydrolysates, which could help to achieve higher product yield (about 54.50%), better antioxidant activity and more potential antioxidant peptides (368), as well as a consistent peptide distribution and lower bitter taste.
This study investigated the structural characteristics and antioxidant activity of Polygonatum kingianum Coll.et Hemsl polysaccharides (NPKP) processed via nine-steaming-nine-drying methods. Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that NPKP consists of rhamnose (3.5%), arabinose (4.6%), galactose (78.2%), glucose (2.1%), xylose (1.0%), mannose (1.3%), and galacturonic acid (9.4%). Molecular weight analysis revealed two main components in NPKP, with molecular weights of 196,857 Da and 13,653 Da. Methylation analysis indicated that NPKP is primarily linked by →4)-Glap-(1→ glycosidic bonds, accounting for 31.8% of the total, with a branching degree of 51.7%. Additionally, iodine-potassium iodide tests confirmed that NPKP is a highly branched polysaccharide. In vitro cellular experiments showed that NPKP significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in HepG2 cells. It also upregulated antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH), alleviating oxidative stress induced by free fatty acids. Through these mechanisms, NPKP exhibited remarkable antioxidant capacity. This study provides a basis data for the application of Polygonatum polysaccharides as natural antioxidants and supports their role in mitigating oxidative stress-related diseases.
This work aimed to develop a high-throughput analytical method based on QuEChERS coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)for the determination of 13 mycotoxins in plant-solid beverages.The samples were homogenized and dissolved in water.QuEChERS method was used for pretreatment,ultrasonic extraction with 2％formic acid-acetonitrile solution,and purification with octadecylsilane bonded silica gel(C18).The extraction solution was then separated by a Kinetex F5 column,detected by a tandem mass spectrometry detector in multiple reaction monitoring mode(MRM),and quantified by matrix-matched standard calibration.The optimum conditions achieved limits of detections(LODs)in the range of 0.04～16.9 μg/kg,with correlation coefficient over 0.9916.The limit of quantifications(LOQs)were in the range 0.12～38.2 μg/kg.The recoveries in real plant-solid beverages ranged from 82.2％to 103.3％,with relative standard deviations(RSDs)below 9.0％.Moreover,the proposed method was applied to analyze mycotoxins in 18 plant-solid beverage samples,a positive detection rate of 4/18 was obtained,and the detected analytes included deoxynivalenol and fumonisin B3.This proposed method has the advantages of simple operation,low cost,high sensitivity and accuracy,which can be used for the high-throughput screening of multiple mycotoxins in plant-solid beverages.
