广州海关技术中心

Objective To summarize the characteristics and overall development trends of food labeling trade measures in various countries in the past decades,providing technical reference for national adjustments to food safety supervision measures and trade policies.It also aims to help enterprises going global better understand the dynamics of food labeling trade measures in Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)member countries,thereby enhancing the level of international competition of Chinese food enterprises.Method Statistical,differentiated,and trend analyses were conducted on the 381 notifications related to food labeling measures submitted by RCEP member countries to the WTO from 2014 to 2023.Results In summary,the food labeling trade measures of RCEP member countries encompass three major characteristics:language barriers,detail and concealment,and high extensibility.Additionally,there are four major development trends:using food labeling trade measures to protect domestic advantaged industries,promoting national food safety regulatory concepts to enhance international influence,innovating nutritional labeling requirements to cultivate healthy eating habits among citizens,and safeguarding consumers'right to know to deeply enhance humanistic care.Conclusion Suggestions are made to support national health and the sustainable high-quality development of China's food industry under the RCEP agreement by:(1)reasonable food labeling rules should be formulated,(2)construct a database of food labeling regulations and promote the development of an AI-based food labeling system,(3)establish a risk early warning mechanism for food technical trade measures,and make full use of the Special Trade Concerns(STC)mechanism,and(4)formulating intuitive and easy-to-understand guidelines for nutritional labeling.

Amid accelerating globalization,compounded by climate change and shifting international dynamics,biosafety risks have become increasingly complex.In the public health domain,these risks manifest in both laboratory and field settings.While laboratory biosafety systems are well-established,field biosafety remains understudied globally due to the inherent complexity and challenges of risk management in uncontrolled environments.This study systematically reviews current progress in field biosafety research,integrating international guidelines and case studies to highlight the critical importance of effective risk mitigation.The findings aim to inform policy and strengthen national biosafety frameworks,offering valuable insights for enhancing prevention,control,and governance systems.

The content of dechlorane plus (DP) flame retardant in rubber products was detected by solvent precipitation and gas chromatography-micro cell electron capture method. The extraction efficiency of DP from three rubber samples was investigated using dichloromethane, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, and ethyl acetate. The results showed that tetrahydrofuran had better solubility in styrene-butadiene rubber, silicone rubber, and natural rubber, as well as better extraction effect on DP. The separation of DP was carried out using capillary chromatography columns with different polarities of 100% dimethyl polysiloxane, (5%-phenyl)-methyl polysiloxane, and polyethylene glycol. The results showed that the (5%-phenyl)-methyl polysiloxane column had good separation efficiency and high sensitivity for the cis- and trans-isomers of DP. By adding acetonitrile for solvent precipitation of polymer molecules in the extraction solution, the results showed that the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrum and precision of the experiment were improved. DP showed a good linear relationship with the chromatographic peak area within the concentration range of 50-2 000 μg/L, with a detection limit of 50 μg/L. The spiked recovery rate of DP in blank matrix was 85.7%-102.0%, with a relative standard deviation range of 2.9%-4.8%. This method was accurate, efficient, and suitable for the analysis and detection of flame retardant DP in rubber products.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a collective term for various artificial fluorinated organic compounds. PFASs not only have hydrophilic functional groups and hydrophobic alkyl side chains, but also have fire resistance, high stability and durability, making them widely used in various industries. PFASs have the characteristics of high toxicity, persistence, bioaccumulation, and long-distance migration of persistent organic pollutants. Different types of PFASs have different harmful effects on biological organisms, and health risks are mostly concentrated in the liver, immune system, and reproductive system. At present, there are many detection methods reported for PFASs in the food and environmental fields, while few methods have been applied for the detection of PFASs in cosmetics. In this work, a method for rapid detection of PFASs in cosmetics was developed by QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) pretreatment coupled with gas chromatography-quadrupole/time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-Q-TOF MS). Firstly, the extraction solvents, extraction methods, and purification agents were compared, the dosage of purification agents was optimized, and the matrix effect was examined. Eight kinds of volatile PFASs, including two perfluorooctanoic acid esters, four fluoro modified polyacrylates, and two fluoro modified siloxanes in the samples were extracted with 10 mL ethyl acetate, dehydrated by 1 g anhydrous sodium sulfate, and purified by 100 mg graphitized carbon black (GCB) and 50 mg silica gel powder (Si). Target compounds were separated by DB-5MS capillary column (30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm), and the mass spectrum was acquired under full scan mode of EI ion source with using external standard method for quantification. The result showed that the work curves of the 8 compounds have good linear relationship, and the correlation coefficient (R2) is greater than 0.997 6 in the range of 5.0-1 000 μg/L. The limits of detection are 20.0 and 200.0 μg/kg, and the limits of quantification are 50.0 and 500.0 μg/kg. The average recoveries at three levels range from 81.4% to 112%, and the relative standard deviations are 1.09%-7.63% (n=6). In total, 105 cosmetic samples purchased from Guangzhou supermarkets and online e-commerce were tested using this method, 8:2FTMAc in 2 samples are detected with 668, 1 004 μg/kg, respectively, indicating that cosmetic samples pose a risk of PFASs contamination, should be taken seriously by regulatory authorities and consumers. This method is high efficiency, sensitive and accuracy, which can provide important basis for the rapid detection and quality control of PFASs compounds in cosmetics.

ObjectiveTo study test time and temperature of specific migration tests for hot drink cup through a questionnaire and a laboratory real temperature measurement method.MethodsThe consumption habits of consumers were investigated by means of questionnaires， the estimated time of contact with food during the general actual use of the hot drink cup was obtained， and the migration time required for the specific migration quantity test of the hot drink cup was obtained. Using real food to reproduce the actual use of the hot drink cup in a simulated consumption environment， and using an automatic temperature recorder to record the temperature changes during the test， the migration temperature required for the specific migration test of the hot drink cup was obtained.ResultsAccording to the survey results of consumers’ consumption habits in a restaurant， most consumers， in the process of eating in the restaurant， had an actual contact time with a hot drink cup of 1 h. According to the temperature measurement results during the actual use of the hot drink cup， its average temperature in different conditions within 1 h was 60 ℃-66 ℃.ConclusionAccording to a questionnaire and measured temperatures， it is recommended that a specific migration test condition of 70 ℃ for 1 h is selected. This study on specified migration conditions， including duration and temperature， was conducted through investigation and measurements and can be used as a reference to relevant testing institutions and laboratories when testing dine-in hot drink cups.