Between 2023 and 2024, Uruguay focused on the construction of the National Family Farming Plan (PNAF), in line with the guidelines of the Global Decade of Family Farming at the United Nations and the agreement of the Specialized Meeting on Family Farming (REAF) to promote national plans. The aim is to position the sector on the public agenda, while promoting state actions in conjunction with civil society for the strengthening of a key player in the economy, rural territories and food sovereignty. In that context, the country carried out a construction process that had as a framework citizen participation, technical feasibility and prioritization in the political agenda. Under the coordination of the Ministry of Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries (through the General Directorate of Rural Development and REAF Uruguay), a 2024-2028 planning aimed at strengthening family farming in the work of public, agricultural and extra-agricultural institutions was convened, articulated and developed. This note seeks to synthesize the diagnostic elements that give rise to the plan, the methodology used in the process of construction of the PNAF at the Uruguayan level, and the characteristics and emphasis of the resulting product. It also introduces reflections from a perspective of Family Farming as State policy, on the elements of implementation and governance of the plan that, due to its periodicity, overlaps with an election process and change of government administration.
Aims & Objectives: To detect variability of intensive care treatments for status asthmaticus (SA) among latinamerican PICUs Methods Cohort study of children older than 2 years old admitted with (SA) to 20 PICUs from LARed (from five countries) between May and November 2017. Data showed as median IQR and frequency as percentage and range. Results Of 1157 children admitted, 101 were included in the analysis. 53.5%male, 67.9 (39.1,96.7) mo. 30.7% had no previous history of asthma. Admission M-WCAS was 5 (4.5, 6), PIM3 0.48(0.21,6.2) and SatO2/FiO2 index 226 (190, 300). Admission x-ray was present in 93.1%, lung hyperinflation was observed in 86.9%. There was significant variation of maximum respiratory support between centers: Invasive MV 8.9 % (0,100) %, BIPAP 41.6 % (0,100), HFNC 31.7% (0, 100) (p<0.001). All patients received systemic steroids. Salbutamol use was frequent 98% (50–100), although preferred route varied between centers: scheduled nebulization 92.1% (50–100) p<0.001, intravenous 7.9%(0–50%) (p<0.002). Remarkably none of the centers used beta agonist continuous nebulization. Other bronchodilator therapies were: Ipatropium 74.3%(0–100) p<0.001, Methylxantines 46.5%(0–100%) p<0.001, Magnesium Sulphate 26.7%(0–75) p=0.012. Antibiotics were prescribed on 61.4% (25–100) p=0.5. Complications were unfrequented, air leak was present in 2.1%. PICU LOS was 3.5 days(2.2,5.8). Mortality 0% Conclusions Significant variation of intensive care treatments exist in respiratory support and pharmacological therapies for SA in Latinamerican PICUs. Compliance with current guidelines and evidence-based recommendations were non-consistent among centers. Future collaborative research needs to focus on developing a step-wise approach to decrease variability, reduce both under and overuse and then improving outcomes.
Conectar ciencia con cotidianidad, ciencia escolar con los medios de comunicación y con la publicidad en particular, es una estrategia de enseñanza de la ciencia apuntando a la formación ciudadana. El trabajo recoge una experiencia en formación docente inicial que con base en 3 spot publicitarios televisivos utilizados como recursos didácticos, coordinó las acciones educativas de dos asignaturas: Biología Evolutiva y Didáctica-Práctica Docente. Los resultados obtenidos son significativos en el aprendizaje de conceptos biológicos fundamentales en el campo de la evolución biológica, así como en la concientización lograda en los profesores en formación sobre la importancia de apuntar a una enseñanza de las ciencias vinculante con la cotidianidad, funcional, aportadora a la formación de ciudadanía.
We present results derived from the first multi-chord stellar occultations by the transneptunian object (50000) Quaoar, observed on 2011 May 4 and 2012 February 17, and from a single-chord occultation observed on 2012 October 15. If the timing of the five chords obtained in 2011 were correct, then Quaoar would possess topographic features (crater or mountain) that would be too large for a body of this mass. An alternative model consists in applying time shifts to some chords to account for possible timing errors. Satisfactory elliptical fits to the chords are then possible, yielding an equivalent radius Requiv = 555 ± 2.5 km and geometric visual albedo pV = 0.109 ± 0.007. Assuming that Quaoar is a Maclaurin spheroid with an indeterminate polar aspect angle, we derive a true oblateness of , an equatorial radius of km, and a density of 1.99 ± 0.46 g cm−3. The orientation of our preferred solution in the plane of the sky implies that Quaoar's satellite Weywot cannot have an equatorial orbit. Finally, we detect no global atmosphere around Quaoar, considering a pressure upper limit of about 20 nbar for a pure methane atmosphere.
