The University of Lagos, popularly known as UNILAG, is a public research university located in Lagos, Nigeria and was founded in 1962. UNILAG is one of the first generation universities in Nigeria and is ranked among the top universities in the world in major education publications. The university presently has three campuses in the mainland of Lagos. Whereas two of its campuses are located at Yaba (the main campus in Akoka and the recently created campus at the former school of radiography), it's college of medicine is located at Idi-Araba, Surulere. Its main campus is largely surrounded by the Lagos lagoon and has 802 acres of land. The University of Lagos currently[when?] admits over 9,000 undergraduate students annually and enrolls over 57,000 students.A visitation panel, created to look into the affairs of the university between 2016 and 2020 detected cases of financial abuses from top officials and ordered the university to close accounts with commercial banks.
This study examines renewable energy consumption, renewable energy technology trade, and agricultural productivity relationships across 53 African countries (1995–2023) using cross-sectional augmented distributed lag (CS-DL) estimation with 4 productivity measures: Solow residuals, agricultural output per capita, output per worker, and stochastic frontier efficiency. Results reveal that renewable energy consumption generates mixed long-run effects on productivity (coefficients: − 0.95, + 1.60, − 0.99, and − 0.16 across the four productivity measures, respectively), while renewable energy technology trade exhibits consistently negative effects (− 0.37, − 1.83, − 0.36, and − 0.13). However, their interaction produces uniformly positive effects (0.10, 0.36, 0.10, and 0.03), confirming essential complementarity between domestic adoption and international technology transfer. Robustness analyses reveal substantial heterogeneity; low productivity countries demonstrate interaction coefficients of 0.00007–0.0002 compared to high productivity countries’ 0.00000014–0.0002. Renewable energy adoption follows discrete patterns with 87.3
The global race to decarbonize will be won or lost not by technology alone, but by the strength of governance that directs it. While renewable energy has been widely promoted as a pathway to sustainable development, its effectiveness depends heavily on the institutional environment in which transitions unfold. This study examines how governance quality connects renewable energy adoption to multidimensional sustainability-spanning economic, social, and environmental outcomes-across BRICS and MENA economies from 1996 to 2022. Using cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) and panel quantile ARDL (PQARDL) models, the analysis captures both long-run dynamics and distributional asymmetries often overlooked in conventional approaches. Results show that renewable energy adoption alone yields modest sustainability gains; however, when reinforced by robust governance institutions, its effects are significantly amplified across all three dimensions. Comparisons reveal that BRICS countries benefit from stronger renewable-governance synergies, whereas MENA economies experience weaker outcomes due to institutional fragility and resource dependence. These findings underscore that governance is not an auxiliary factor but the missing link that ensures renewable energy transitions contribute meaningfully to sustainable development. By linking empirical evidence to the Sustainable Development Goals-particularly SDG 7 (clean energy), SDG 8 (inclusive growth), SDG 13 (climate action), and SDG 16 (strong institutions)-the study highlights the urgent need for integrated energy-governance strategies. Strengthening regulatory capacity, enhancing institutional accountability, and embedding transparency into renewable energy deployment are essential steps to make transitions in emerging economies both equitable and sustainable.
The occurrence of vibrational resonance (VR) in a modulated spatially varying periodic system is investigated in this study. A modulation profile possessing a harmonic order is exerted on a spatially periodic function to yield a modulated landscape. The dual-frequency driven modulated system is subsequently treated within the separation of motion scheme, to yield a quantifier for VR in the form of response amplitude. Applying a linearly damped regime, within the domain of the fast field drive and for different values of the harmonic order, multiple resonances were detected in the response profile for particular values of the weak excitation frequency component. All analytical deductions were confirmed through numerical simulations, which demonstrated a reasonable level of agreement. Comparisons with related studies reveal the distinctive influence of harmonic order modulation in enhancing and transforming VR responses for specific operating values of field parameters. The impact of the modulating function in transforming features of the forced system, viz., effective potential and resonant frequency under VR analysis, provides avenues of active enrichment of the output signal at the low frequency. These unique characteristics may provide pertinent prospects for dynamical systems that adopt spatially periodic states.
The mineral oil, a viscous liquid which is a derivative product from petroleum processing, having wide range of engineering applications, is studied in this paper. Thermal analysis of mineral oil in a microchannel incorporating nanoscale relations of metallic and non-metallic nanoparticles is investigated. The thermal effect on the nano layer is considered, which shows the relationship between the base fluid and nanoparticle. Also, the effect of nanoparticle size on the thermal layer is examined to understand the fluid performance under thermal load. The mechanics of the heat transfer and fluid transport are developed using coupled nonlinear system of higher partial differentials. They are analyzed using the Homotopy perturbation method upon transformation from partial to ordinary equations utilizing suitable similarity transforms. Results obtained from analysis show that optimum nanolayer thickness increases the surface layer of the nanoparticle, consequently increasing fluid temperature. Also, it is observed that the volume of the nanoparticle concentration from 1 to 8 % improves heat transfer and enhances shear stress at the wall boundary. The heat transfer rate using the graphite particles is higher compared to the copper particles, about 23 times more. Nanolayer thickness of 1nm and particle radius size within 5 to 20 nm studied shows good agreement with literature. Study may provide useful insight to tribologist and scientist interested in lubricant designs and process cooling.
There have been huge demands for aquaculture products over the years owing to continuous population growth the globe consistently witnesses. Marine invertebrates such as the molluscs and crustaceans are affirmed to be good source of protein. The shells of these animals however are often discarded after the edible parts are consumed; this ends up polluting the environment. A useful material that can be sourced from these shells is a natural polymer - chitin. In this study, chitin was chemically extracted from ground snail, periwinkle, crab, shrimp and prawn shells under similar isolation conditions using 1 M hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. This was done to investigate the influence of each shell on the ease of chitin isolation and eventually, its properties. It was observed that property of chitin depended on features of each shell. The harder the shell, the longer it was to achieve complete demineralization as more acid volumes were consumed. A maximum volume of 2490 ml was needed for total demineralization of 150 g periwinkle while the least (1498 ml) was required for shrimp shell of the same quantity. This implied that snail and periwinkle shells contain more inorganic minerals other than the dominant calcium carbonate. Degree of acetylation, calculated from Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy results, was the maximum for shrimp chitin (79.9 %) while the least (61.6 %) was calculated for periwinkle chitin. Thermogravimetry Analysis showed that 47.8, 15, 60.8, 78.4 and 63.7 % chitin was yielded from periwinkle, crab, prawn and shrimp shells respectively. The highest value of degree of acetylation possessed by shrimp chitin was responsible for its superlative thermal stability (324.6 kJ). Average intra and intermolecular OH bonds in shrimp chitin was calculated to be 5.461 kCal, which was the highest magnitude; 4.642, 4.543, 4.696 and 4.952 kCal were calculated for snail, periwinkle, crab and prawn chitin respectively.
