The Low-Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) is a semiconductor detector capable of achieving excellent timing resolution ( 20 ps) for minimum ionizing particles (MIPs). To realize a pixelated detector with both high timing precision and spatial resolution, we have been developing Capacitive-Coupled LGADs (ACLGADs) for future collider experiments, such as the latter phase of the High-Luminosity LHC. We have successfully fabricated a pixelated ACLGAD (ACLGADpix) with a 100 μm × 100 μm pixel pitch, maintaining uniform timing performance across the active area. In this paper, we report recent measurement results from ACLGADpix prototypes using beta rays and a 3 GeV electron beam. The timing resolution, detection efficiency, spatial resolution, and signal sharing characteristics are evaluated.
This work presents NEVU, a benchmark for actor-conditioned, event-centric, and direction-aware human value recognition in news-domain texts. NEVU evaluates whether models can infer values from event-structured evidence, attribute them to the correct social actors, and determine their aligned or contradictory direction. Built from 2865 English news articles, NEVU represents news at four semantic levels, from subevents to composite events and full articles. Using a hierarchical taxonomy of 54 fine-grained and 20 coarse-grained values, the benchmark contains 46,589 semantic units, 72,905 annotated unit–actor pairs, and 168,061 directed value instances. NEVU is constructed through a staged LLM-assisted annotation and verification pipeline, with targeted human verification for unresolved cases. Candidate-level acceptance and agreement are further examined through a multi-group assessment. The experiments show that prompting-only models remain limited, whereas LoRA-tuned open-weight models substantially improve performance, with overall Micro-F1 gains of 29.77 and 8.21 percentage points over the strongest prompting-only open-weight and proprietary baselines, respectively. These gains primarily reflect learnability under the NEVU reference-label setting. NEVU provides a structured benchmark for systematic evaluation and supervised adaptation of actor-conditioned human value recognition in English news.
The origin and evolution of fluids in subduction zones are still poorly understood, largely because of the complex interactions between deep lithospheric fluids and meteoric water in the shallow geothermal systems. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the contribution of lithospheric fluids to geothermal systems in northern Sumatra, Indonesia, using the Ocean-Origin Lithospheric Water Curve (OLWC). The wide range of stable isotope values (δ²H and δ¹⁸O), alongside the systematic deviation from the meteoric domain towards the OLWC and supported by hydrochemical tracers (Cl, B and Li), showed significant compositional variability. The observed nonlinear trend suggests that the lithospheric-fluid component was a product of progressive water–rock interaction, rather than mixing with seawater or magmatic fluids. Furthermore, OLWC-based reconstruction enabled the estimation of potential lithospheric endmembers and the determination of semi-quantitative lithospheric water fractions (fLW). The results showed no systematic increase in calculated fLW was with elevating chloride concentration. Furthermore, some high-chloride waters had only a low to moderate fLW. Increased salinity was not directly associated with greater contribution of lithospheric water and cannot be considered a reliable proxy for deep fluid input. Consistent with this interpretation, B and Li geochemistry showed that fluid compositions were strongly influenced by post-source processes, including water–rock interaction, vapor separation, and near-surface modification, leading to systematic decoupling between isotopic and chemical signatures. These results suggest that geothermal fluids are dynamically evolving fluid systems rather than simple mixture of fixed endmembers. OLWC-based isotope reconstruction, integrated with Cl–B–Li geochemistry, provides an effective method for evaluating lithospheric-fluid evolution and post-source modification in subduction-related geothermal systems.
Background Post-intensive care syndrome in paediatrics affects the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social health of children and their families. Although psychosocial interventions are increasingly advocated, evidence regarding their effects on parental emotional health after paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission remains uncertain. Objectives To determine the effects of psychosocial interventions on emotional health outcomes in parents of critically ill children within one year after PICU discharge. Research methodology and design This systematic review and meta-analysis included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating psychosocial interventions for parents of children admitted to a PICU. Five databases were searched from inception to January 2026. Eight RCTs were included, and all eight contributed PICU-specific data to at least one meta-analysis. Outcomes included post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and stress. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. Setting Studies were identified through searches of PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and CINAHL from database inception to January 2026. Main outcome measures Parental PTSD, depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms assessed within one year after PICU discharge. Results Eight RCTs involving 470 participants contributed PICU-specific data to the quantitative synthesis. Psychosocial interventions were associated with small reductions in PTSD symptoms (eight studies, n = 467; SMD = −0.30, 95% CI −0.53 to −0.07, p = 0.017) and depression symptoms (seven studies, n = 448; SMD = −0.13, 95% CI −0.24 to −0.02, p = 0.029). The pooled effect on anxiety was not statistically significant (eight studies, n = 470; SMD = −0.08, 95% CI −0.28 to 0.12, p = 0.380). General stress was reported by one study and was not pooled. Conclusion Psychosocial interventions may produce small reductions in PTSD and depression symptoms in parents after their child's PICU admission, whereas the anxiety estimate remained compatible with benefit and no effect. Interpretation is limited by the small number and size of trials, variation in intervention characteristics, and risk of bias. Implications for clinical practice Accessible evidence-based psychoeducational support, distress screening with appropriate referral pathways, and planned follow-up may help address parental emotional distress after PICU admission. Registration PROSPERO: CRD42023396042.
