In this paper,liquid-phase photocatalysis is used to analyse the degradation of common methylene blue(MB)solutions of concrete substrates under different concentrations of loaded photocatalysts dispersed with different dispersants,to study the change in absorbance before and after,and to convert the change in concentration using a standard curve to derive an evaluation of the change in concentration and thus qualitatively derive an analysis of the degradation performance of photocatalytic concrete.
Bio-natural gas(BNG)from livestock manure is a potential alternative energy source that can yield significant resource and environmental benefits.Energy potentials and carbon intensity differences in livestock manure utilization may exist in provincial areas.The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics for the BNG potentials are analyzed.A life-cycle carbon emission accounting model for carbon intensity was proposed.The results show that the scale and intensification of livestock increases with it BNG potential.The BNG potentials vary greatly among provinces.The annual carbon emission reduction potential of BNG from livestock manure reached 1.25 billion tons.The proposed energy potential,spatial characteristics,and carbon intensity measurement are expected to provide better support for enhancing specific regional plans for livestock manure utilization.
In recent years, researches have shown that highly reactive coke for blast furnace ironmaking not only reduces fuel ratio but also reduces carbon emissions. Therefore, the research on developing high reactivity coke has received unprecedented attention. In this work, CaO was added into coals with different degrees of metamorphism to caking coke to study the effect of CaO amount on the non-isothermal gasification reaction behavior of coke. Results showed that the reactivity is significantly improved as the mass of added calcium oxide accounting for less than 0.4% of the dry coal mass. However, CaO exerted little effect on the micro-strength and structural strength of coke. The analysis of Mercury intrusion porosimetry of coke samples demonstrates that the addition of CaO increased the porosity of coke, resulting in the contact area with CO2, leading further to an increase in coke reactivity. At different heating rates, as the amount of CaO added increased, both the initial reaction temperature and the corresponding temperature of the maximum reaction rate of the gasification from CO2 decreased little by little. The addition of CaO was increased from 0% to 0.6%, the activation energy of the reaction was decreased by 16.41 kJ/mol. The kinetic model of the gasification of coke by CO2 conforms to the unreacted shrinking core model. The reaction mechanism function is converted from f(alpha) = 3(1-alpha)2/3 to f(alpha) = 2(1-alpha)1/2 (alpha means carbon conversion ratio), indicating that the addition of CaO accelerates the dissolution rate of coke by CO2.
ZnO/TiO2 nanotubes were prepared using ZnO nanorods as raw materials, which were synthesized by hydrothermal methods. Then its performance as an electrode of a dye-sensitized solar cell was Investigated. The obtained products were characterized by SEM, XRD, EDX and N-2 adsorption. Furthermore, the photoelectric properties of ZnO/TiO2 nanotubes film electrodes calcined at different temperatures were investigated by UV-Vis adsorption spectra and electrochemical workstation. It is found that the DSSC based on ZnO/TiO2 nanotubes calcined at 600 C have optimum photoelectric properties, J=2.28 mA/cm(2) and V-oc= 0.631 V, yielding the 0.66% maximum conversion efficiency. Additionally, after TiCl4 posttreatment, the performance of DSSC made from ZnO/TiO2 nanotubes are improved obviously and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is up to 1.06%.
Poly(γ-benzyl l-glutamate)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blend films were prepared by a solution casting method. Surface morphologies of the polymer blend films were investigated by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Thermal, mechanical, and physical properties of the polymer blend films were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, tensile tests, and contact angle tests. It was revealed that the introduction of PVA could exert pronounced effects on the morphologies and the properties of the polypeptide films.
