This study examines the site selection, station type, construction mode, data quality, and environmental conditions of two transportable seismic stations operated by the Earthquake Agency of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region during emergency transportable seismic network drills in Northwest China in 2020 and 2021. The conclusions are as follows: The wind has a more significant impact on stations constructed on the ground than those buried underground, causing an increase in horizontal ground noise in the 1～20 Hz. In the windy area of Northwest China, under the same windproof and heat-retaining conditions, soil-based stations buried underground have better observation quality and lower ground noise levels than rock-based stations constructed on the ground.
Using the fault gas carbon dioxide observation data from Tianshui seismic station from 2022 to 2025 as the research object, db4 wavelet was adopted for analytical processing, and short-term low-frequency and high-frequency anomalies were investigated. The results show that the wavelet analysis method has a strong capability of identifying information at different frequencies. It facilitates the separation of trend variations and local fluctuations in data, effectively recognizes and eliminates interference factors, and presents seismic precursor anomalies intuitively and prominently, thus serving as an effective technical approach to seismic precursor data processing. Earthquake case verifications were conducted on the MS6.2 Jishishan earthquake on December 18, 2023 and the MS5.6 Longxi earthquake on September 27, 2025 in Gansu Province. Jump anomalies of fault gas carbon dioxide emerged 3～6 months prior to earthquakes with magnitude 5.0 and above within a 300-kilometer range around the station, characterized by carbon dioxide concentration variations exceeding twice the mean square deviation.
Seismic activity in the Guizhou region is at a medium level nationwide. Due to the complex geographical environment, specific tectonic background, and the severe seismic situations in surrounding provinces, the potential risk of earthquake disasters in the area cannot be ignored. This study divides Guizhou into zone A and zone B based on characteristics of seismic activity and seismic ground motion parameter zonation. By analyzing the characteristics of earthquake disasters on differences in topography, population distribution and transportation networks, this study summarizes key points for earthquake emergency preparedness and response in the two zones. It can improve the relevance and effectiveness of earthquake emergency work and enhance the comprehensive response capability of regional earthquake disasters.
Phase-picking models are usually trained on regional waveforms, and their performance on teleseismic records requires further examination using real data. This study takes the DiTing 0.1b phase-picking model of the DiTing seismic large-model series as the study object and carries out a case-based test of teleseismic phase identification within the DTFlowPro framework, using 15 global earthquakes of M5.0～5.9 that occurred from 22 to 31 December 2024. Two detection branches, the native-sampling branch and a 20 Hz resampling branch, were built. The candidates were fused by taking the union of time-clustered picks. The two branches showed clear complementarity. For P phases, 286 stations produced detections in both branches, 179 only in the native-sampling branch, and 40 only in the 20 Hz branch. The corresponding numbers for the S phase were 29, 19, and 25. The fused detections exactly matched the union of the two branches, and the station detection rates increased to 12.03% for the P phase and 1.74% for the S phase, 0.94 and 0.45 percentage points higher than those of the best single branch. The fused P detection rate decreased from 74.19% at 0°～10° to 4.19% at 90°～100°, and the fused S detection rate decreased from 58.06% at 0°～10° to below 8% beyond 10°. Among the combinations of three association methods and three fixed-depth location objective functions, the combination of native sampling, robust residual iteration, and the weighted L2 norm produced the smallest median epicentral error of 23.66 km. The event-building program dtevent of DTFlowPro merged 1102 phase picks and 359 origin solutions into 15 earthquakes, with no missing, incorrectly merged, or incorrectly split catalog events. This case-based evaluation of 15 typical teleseismic earthquakes indicates that, under catalog-guided conditions, the DiTing 0.1b model provides usable identification of teleseismic P phases within 90°, while the identification of S phases and of P phases beyond 90° remains limited. Because these conclusions are based on a limited number of cases, they should not be extrapolated to an assessment of teleseismic monitoring capability.
Earthquake science popularization serves as a vital bridge between scientific research and public understanding. This study reviews the current status on earthquake science popularization in China, pointing out the limitations, such as the outdated knowledge system, limited dissemination formats, and insufficient audience targeting. To address these issues, three development paths are proposed: ① building an integrated knowledge framework that links fundamental theories，engineering applications，and technological frontiers; ② adopting new technologies such as artificial intelligence and virtual/augmented reality to enhance immersive and interactive communication; ③ establishing tiered and localized strategies to meet the diverse needs of different age and regional groups, by making full use of authoritative materials. The findings suggest that modern earthquake science popularization should shift from emergency-focused education toward comprehensive emergency knowledge dissemination and scientific understanding, leveraging innovation and intelligent technologies to elevate public literacy, strengthen collaboration among earthquake agencies, schools, media outlets, and research institutions, promote the joint development and sharing of science communication resources, support the national disaster prevention strategies.
