Abstract Background Glabellar lines (GLs) are commonly treated with botulinum toxins; however, individuals may be hesitant to undergo treatment because of uncertainty around outcomes. Objectives This Phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the safety and efficacy of trenibotulinumtoxinE (trenibotE), a botulinum neurotoxin serotype E, in toxin-naive and toxin-experienced adults with moderate-to-severe GL. Methods Participants were randomized 3:1 to receive either trenibotE (700 U) or placebo. The rigorous, multicomponent, primary endpoint was achieving a Grade 0 or 1 (None or Mild), with ≥2-grade improvement on the Facial Wrinkle Scale (FWS) at maximum frown by investigator and participant assessments on Day 7. Additional endpoints included FWS improvement over time, patient-reported outcomes, and assessments in participants who had appearance-related psychological impacts. Safety was monitored throughout. Results At Day 7, trenibotE was associated with significantly higher responder rates (60.0%) compared with placebo (0.6%) (P < .0001). Improvements began at Hour 8 (P < .001, unadjusted), peaked at Day 7, and returned to moderate-to-severe GL severity by Day 21. Treatment satisfaction was higher following trenibotE at Hour 8 (33.0% vs 13.8%; P < .0001, unadjusted), Hour 24 (59.2% vs 17.3%; P < .0001), and Day 7 (77.6% vs 5.1%). Higher satisfaction with natural-looking results following trenibotE treatment was first observed at Hour 8 (P < .0001, unadjusted) and peaked at Day 7 (78.5% vs 9.0% placebo; P < .0001). Most adverse events were mild, nonserious, and unrelated to study treatment. Conclusions TrenibotE significantly improved GL severity with rapid results and short duration of effect. Participants reported high satisfaction with treatment and natural-looking results. The overall benefit–risk profile was favorable. Level of Evidence: 1 (Risk) For image description, please refer to the figure legend and surrounding text.
Abstract Patients increasingly form expectations about plastic surgery from social media and other online sources, and artificial intelligence (AI) now functions both as a tool for analyzing that content and as a source of the content itself. This review maps original empirical studies that applied an AI or computational method beyond conventional statistical analysis to social media, online reviews, public digital images, surveys, or crowdsourced data in plastic surgery while reporting an outcome related to the perceptions, questions, experiences, or information exposure of patients or the public. Twenty-six studies published between 2019 and 2026 met inclusion criteria, 19 (73%) of them since 2024. Facial aesthetic surgery was the most represented domain (n = 9; 35%). RealSelf was the most common primary data source (n = 8; 31%), 18 studies (69%) analyzed a single platform, and 18 (69%) analyzed text alone. Sentiment or emotion analysis was the most common computational method (n = 13; 50%), and 16 studies (62%) applied pretrained models or lexicons as released, without training on study data. A human comparator was reported in 10 studies (38%) and external validation in 1 (4%). No study linked patient-generated digital data to a validated patient-reported outcome measure or evaluated these data for surgical education. Work at this intersection is expanding rapidly but remains descriptive, single-platform, and largely unvalidated.
Abstract Background Extended abdominoplasty combines abdominoplasty, flank excision, and circumferential waist liposuction to address circumferential waist dermatolipodystrophy. Circumferential excisional body contouring procedures have traditionally been performed in an inpatient setting because of longer operative times. Objectives The aim of the present study was to describe the authors’ current approach to drainless extended abdominoplasty and to evaluate safety outcomes for patients undergoing this procedure in an outpatient setting. Methods The authors performed a retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent outpatient extended abdominoplasty in their practice. Patient demographics, procedural characteristics, and postoperative outcomes were evaluated. Results A total of 164 patients (86.0% female) underwent extended abdominoplasty from December 2013 to February 2025. Average age was 42 years (range, 17-76 years), and average BMI was 28.4 kg/m2 (range, 21.1-39.2 kg/m2). Seventy-one (43.3%) patients had significant weight loss from bariatric surgery. Forty-three (26.2%) patients underwent a combined procedure with the extended abdominoplasty, the most common being breast surgery (37 patients, 86.0%). The average length of surgery for extended abdominoplasty was 210 min (range, 120-368 min). Overall, 26 patients (15.9%) experienced a postoperative complication, including 25 surgery-site complications managed on an outpatient basis and 1 systemic complication (Ogilvie syndrome) requiring hospital admission. There were no demographic or operative variables associated with postoperative complications. However, there was a statistically significant association between greater weight loss (P = .045) and higher excised tissue weight (P = .040) with postoperative complications. Conclusions Drainless extended abdominoplasty can be safely performed in an outpatient setting. Patient selection and perioperative care pathways are conducive to consistent results. Level of Evidence: 4 (Risk) For image description, please refer to the figure legend and surrounding text.
