Pea productivity in Yemen remains low, partly due to the limited field testing of improved varieties under actual farming conditions. This study was conducted to evaluate and characterize both improved and local pea varieties based on their qualitative and quantitative traits, with the aim of promoting their adoption by farmers. Field trials were carried out at research stations and on farmers’ fields using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at each location. A total of 29 agro-morphological traits were assessed and described. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed highly significant differences (p = 0.01) among the varieties for key traits such as days to flowering, pod length, biomass, grain yield, and 100-seed weight. The improved variety ‘Yahsb’ recorded the highest yield of 2.7 tons/ha in the Al-Hada district, while the ‘Amran’ variety performed best at the research station. In comparison, the highest yield among local varieties was 1.8 tons/ha across both locations. Cluster analysis showed a 93% genetic similarity among the improved varieties, reflecting strong agreement between farmer evaluations and researcher selections. Based on these findings, several improved varieties have been recommended for cultivation in the studied districts and similar agro-ecological zones. Furthermore, participatory variety evaluation proved to be an effective and economical approach for identifying farmer-preferred varieties, thereby accelerating their adoption and contributing to enhanced pea productivity in Yemen.
A field experiment was conducted in randomized block design for three consecutive years (2021-23) at Agricultural Research Sub-Station, Nagaur, Agriculture University, Jodhpur during rainy season to evaluate the efficacy of different post-emergence herbicides for complex weed flora, growth and yield of mung bean with twelve treatments and three replications. The results revealed that the lowest density (No./m2) of Rhinchosia minima (11.5), Digera arvensis (5.7), Celosia argentea (16.3), Cyperus rotundus (6.7), Dactyloctenium aegyptium (6.3), other broad leaves & grassy weeds (5.7), total weed dry weight (25.0 g/m2) and highest weed control efficiency (82.4%) was recorded under sodium acifluorfen 16.5% + clodinafop-propargyl 8% EC 220 g/ha that was closely followed by fomesafen 11.1% + fluazifop - P-butyl 11.1% SL 220 g/ha. Ready mix application of sodium acifluorfen + clodinafop-propargyl resulted in significant improvement in number of seeds per pod (13.6), 1000 grain weight (44.6 g), mean grain yield (12.3 q/ha), gross returns (?1,04,310/ha), net returns (?72,310/ha), BC ratio (2.1) and weed index (9.0). These similar treatments also resulted in 16.5 % more weed reduction and 20.5 % seed yield enhancement over the imazethapyr application. It was concluded that application of sodium acifluorfen 16.5%+ clodinafop-propargyl 8% EC (Readymix) or fomesafen 11.1% w/w + fluazifop-P-butyl 11.1% (Ready-mix) @ 220 g/ha can be used at 20-25 days after sowing for the control of complex weed flora in mung bean with higher yields and returns.
Rising global temperatures, primarily driven by anthropogenic activities, pose a serious threat to agricultural productivity, soil health, and ecosystem stability. Cereal crops such as wheat and rice, particularly in tropical and temperate regions, are increasingly vulnerable to heat stress. This stress impairs physiological functions, leading to reduced growth and yield. As an eco-friendly and cost-effective solution, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have gained attention for enhancing plant resilience under abiotic stress conditions. AMF improve host plant performance through various molecular and physiological mechanisms, including enhanced nutrient uptake, increased antioxidant production, chaperone activity and upregulation of stress-responsive genes. This review highlights the role of AMF as biofertilizers in mitigating heat stress in cereal crops, emphasizing their potential in sustainable agriculture.
The study was conducted to assess farmers’ knowledge and attitude towards adoption of improved fruit production technology and to identify the socio-economic factors influencing them in Wokha district of Nagaland, India. A sample of 120 farmers cultivating orange, banana, pineapple, and litchi with more than five years of experience was randomly selected. Data were collected through a pre-tested interview schedule and analyzed using correlation and regression methods. The results indicated that a majority of the farmers possessed a medium level of knowledge and exhibited a favourable attitude towards improved practices. Variables such as age, landholding, risk orientation, adoption, family type, information source utilization, and attitude were significantly associated with knowledge. Educational level, experience, adoption, risk orientation, and knowledge significantly influenced farmers’ attitude. The regression model explained 60.9% of the variation in knowledge. The study highlights the need for targeted training and awareness strategies to improve technological adoption among horticultural farmers.
