Porous carbon nanofibers have attracted considerable attention as electrode materials for supercapacitors owing to their high specific surface area and excellent electrical conductivity. In this study, cobalt was introduced onto porous carbon nanofibers fabricated using calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles as sacrificial templates via an electrodeposition method, and the resulting electrochemical performance was investigated. The prepared nanofibers exhibited a porous structure, and the cobalt-decorated porous carbon nanofibers showed reduced internal resistance and enhanced specific capacitance compared to pristine porous carbon nanofibers. These results demonstrate that cobalt deposition effectively improves the energy storage performance of porous carbon nanofiber-based electrodes, suggesting their potential application as supercapacitor electrodes.
The effects of oxidation on the hydrogen release behavior of magnesium borohydride and calcium borohydride were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. To date, studies on the oxidation kinetics of borohydride compounds in air and the influence of oxidation on hydrogen desorption behavior have been limited. In this work, the degree of oxidation and the corresponding changes in hydrogen release temperature were analyzed based on DSC signals to evaluate the extent of oxidation and its effect on hydrogen desorption characteristics. In addition, the influence of ScCl3, a commonly used metal catalyst, on the oxidation behavior of borohydrides was also examined. Both compounds were found to undergo complete oxidation within one day; however, the oxidation-induced changes in hydrogen release temperature were minimal. The addition of the ScCl3 catalyst did not induce significant changes in the oxidation process, but slightly reduced the oxidation rate and led to the formation of additional intermediate phases. Further in-depth studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these phenomena.
The CRISPR/Cas12a system has emerged as a powerful platform for nucleic acid diagnostics owing to its programmable target recognition and collateral cleavage-mediated signal amplification. In recent years, extensive molecular engineering efforts have expanded the applicability of Cas12a-based sensing systems to the detection of microRNAs (miRNAs), short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level and serve as important biomarkers for a wide range of diseases. In this review, we summarize recent advances in Cas12a-based miRNA sensing strategies, with a particular emphasis on two major design paradigms: activator-centered engineering, which translates miRNA recognition into Cas12a-activating molecular inputs, and crRNA-centered engineering, which modulates the structure and function of the Cas12a-crRNA complex to enable miRNA-responsive activation. We discuss representative implementations and underlying molecular design principles to illustrate how these approaches expand the design space of CRISPR-based diagnostics. Collectively, these developments highlight the growing potential of Cas12a-based platforms as versatile tools for next-generation miRNA diagnostics.
UV spectroscopy methods were created to rapidly and accurately estimate miconazole nitrate in a topical formulation. This technique is simple, specific, linear, accurate, and robust. The environmental impact assessment of the suggested approach was executed by applying the GAPI and AGREE tools. Miconazole nitrate dissolves well in water: Isopropyl alcohol, so a standard stock solution was arranged in water: Isopropyl alcohol. The research employed five miconazole nitrate concentrations, varying from 24 to 72 mu g/mL, with the drug showing strong absorbance at 210 nm. The method followed Beer's law with a 0.999 correlation coefficient and achieved a 99.4 % recovery rate, indicating high accuracy. Inter-day and intra-day precision both had <2.0 % relative standard deviation. No interference from foreign particles or excipients was observed. Overall, the validated method is specific, reliable, and reproducible for analyzing miconazole nitrate. This cost-effective method is ideal for routine analysis in the pharmaceutical industry due to its simplicity and precision. The method is extremely environmentally friendly and sustainable, making it suitable for regular use in quality control laboratories with minimal environmental impact. In addition, the results of AGREE and GAPI confirmed the environmental friendliness and environmental sustainability of the developed approach.
Petroleum fuels such as kerosene and diesel are important forensic indicators in investigations of fires, explosions, and oil spill incidents. However, environmental exposure can alter their chemical composition through weathering, particularly evaporation, complicating mixture identification and source tracking. In this study, we quantified the unresolved complex mixture (UCM) region in gas chromatography (GC) chromatograms to describe compositional changes in kerosene-diesel mixtures during short-term evaporative weathering and to assess its utility for mixture identification. Artificially contaminated soil samples with various mixing ratios were prepared and subjected to controlled evaporation for up to 90 days. Samples were collected at regular intervals, and the area and distribution characteristics of the UCM region were compared. The results showed that kerosene components evaporated faster than diesel components, and over time the mixtures could appear as a single fuel type when interpreted primarily from major peaks. In contrast, UCM distribution features and area-based indicators differed with the initial mixing ratio, suggesting that UCM analysis can provide clues to mixture presence and initial composition even when peak-based interpretation is ambiguous. Overall, UCMbased GC profiling may complement conventional compound- and peak-centered interpretation and provides foundational data for future validation under broader conditions.
