A landfill is a site to dispose of materials that threaten the environment, such as leachate, poisons, or greenhouse gases. Leachate is a liquid that can contribute to water pollution if there is a leakage of flow into groundwater sources from landfill waste or other outside water sources. Leachate is a liquid accumulated from landfill waste and other outside water sources. To prevent this leachate from mixing with water resources when it flows into the soil, the behavior of Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus) as a landfill liner system is investigated and understood thoroughly on how permeability properties can increase with the soil. In addition, the herbaceous plants known as Kenaf have beneficial mechanical properties, and they do not pose any threat to the health of human beings. Kenaf has significant potential for commercial usage because of the ease with which it can be cultivated and the low prices at which it can be harvested. In addition, Kenaf can contribute to infrastructure and innovation for economic growth and development (SDG 9.0), where it can reduce the usage of clay linear and simultaneously, increase the Permeability of the soil properties to resist the flow of leaches into the soil. This admixture is gaining popularity as a result of the fact that it has a relatively low cost and is simple to apply. In this investigation, Kenaf was used because of its reputation as a good absorbent product that can hold up to six times its weight and has a leaching capability of less than one percent. The results of laboratory work are presented to demonstrate that this material is suitable for usage in landfills to solve the leachate problem.
The start of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 has caused trouble all over the world. This contagious disease is mostly spread by people, and it spreads much faster than other flu viruses that have been found before. Although vaccines have been discovered and are functional, it will still be the greatest challenge to conquer this disease. To effectively respond to this unprecedented crisis and save human lives from other infectious diseases in the future, it is crucial to better understand how the virus is transmitted from one host to another and how future zones of contagion can be anticipated. Several waves of infection have hit nations worldwide for almost the last four years, and governments have implemented necessary measures to tackle the spread of the virus. However, mathematical modeling has emerged as a powerful tool to inform decision-making, allowing for the prediction of COVID-19’s effects. In this research article, we investigate the impact of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia using the three most commonly used mathematical models: the classic SIR (Susceptible-Infected-Recovered) model, the extended SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered) model, and the advanced fractional-order models using freely available real recorded data for research. By incorporating actual data from Saudi Arabia and utilizing three simulation techniques, we strive to provide valuable insights into the dynamics of the pandemic and aid in the formulation of effective strategies to control its spread in Saudi Arabia.
Sustainability considerations play a crucial role in informing the modeling and fitting of medical and engineering data, ensuring the development of robust and environmentally conscious solutions. This paper delves into the investigation of a novel continuous distribution, aiming to provide a thorough understanding of its various fundamental mathematical and statistical properties. The analysis encompasses an exploration of survival functions, hazard rate functions, quantile, skewness, kurtosis, moments, mean time to failure, mean time to repair, insurance pricing principles, availability, and mean residual (past) lifetime functions. The proposed model demonstrates versatility in modeling both asymmetric and symmetric data across various kurtosis shapes. It can effectively handle outlier observations and accommodate different shapes of failure rates, including unimodal, bathtub, increasing, or decreasing patterns. This makes the proposed model suitable for modeling data in diverse fields. The maximum likelihood approach is employed to estimate model parameters using complete and upper recorded values. A simulation study is conducted to evaluate the performance of the estimators under different sample sizes for both complete and upper recorded values. To further demonstrate the flexibility and effectiveness of the new model, two datasets from medical and engineering domains are utilized for validation and testing purposes.
Developing countries' industrial growth necessitates innovative machine foundation design and resilient infrastructure. Meanwhile, soil properties play a significant role in the satisfactory design of machine foundations. The paper presents an experimental work to determine accurately the damping ratio and shear modulus by equations. The paper studies the effect of different parameters (embedded depth of foundation, shape of footing, and changing operating frequency of machine) on the damping ratio and shear modulus of saturated clay soil. Moreover, mathematical expressions are derived from statistical analysis to predict the damping ratio for rectangular and circular footing on saturated clay. The physical model results reveal that the damping ratio inside the soil will be increased with an increase in the depth of the point inside the soil for all cases. The damping ratio tends to decrease with an increase in operating frequency. The maximum damping ratio has occurred below a rectangular foundation with a 16.6 Hz operating frequency in saturated clay. The damping ratio is a function of many factors, such as embedment depth, degree of saturation, shape of foundation, and operation frequency of the machine.
We propose the definition of quasi-n-normed spaces and prove some new results on fixed points theory related to weak contractions in this framework. We prove the existence and uniqueness of fixed point for (φ,ψ)-generalized weak contractions and (φ,ψ)-generalized weak C-contractions in quasi n-normed spaces. The obtained results extend some known theorems for nonlinear contractive functions on quasi n-normed spaces. In addition, we demonstrate an application of obtained results to Integral Equation.
