Ruthenium is considered the most active metal for ammonia decomposition, yet osmium was found to exhibit an even higher intrinsic activity. Os/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst demonstrated superior ammonia decomposition performance, with rH2 reaching 2732.1 mmol & centerdot;gmetal-1 & centerdot;min-1 at 450 degrees C with WHSV = 60,000 mL & centerdot;gcat-1 & centerdot;h-1, owing to the strong Os-N interaction facilitating N-H bond cleavage.
When 2,2-diphenylmethylenecyclopropane was reacted with aroyl chlorides in 1,2-dichloroethane at 35 degrees C in the presence of AgSbF6, indene derivatives were obtained through a cascade process involving cyclopropane ring-opening and five-membered-ring formation. Electron-rich and moderately electron-deficient aroyl chlorides afforded 2,3-disubstituted 1H-indene derivatives, whereas strongly electron-deficient or sterically demanding aroyl chlorides selectively furnished 2,3,6-trisubstituted 1H-indene derivatives. This AgSbF6-promoted divergent reaction provides efficient and selective access to highly substituted indene derivatives.
Human lysozyme (hLYZ) was sequentially PEGylated, conjugated with ethylenediamine, and propionylated to yield PEGylated, cationic, and amphiphilic derivatives, respectively. The ability of these derivatives to inhibit amyloid beta 42 (A beta 42) aggregation was evaluated and compared with that of unmodified hLYZ. Among the hLYZ derivatives examined, amphiphilic hLYZ showed the strongest inhibition of A beta 42 aggregation. These results suggest that amphiphilic modification of hLYZ through the introduction of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and hydrophobic groups may be a useful strategy for improving its ability to inhibit A beta 42 aggregation.
A gel polymer electrolyte with enhanced mechanical strength and a high Li-ion transference number (tLi+) was developed via the cross-linking of tetra-arm poly(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl acrylate) in a sulfolane-based highly concentrated electrolyte. The high tLi+ (0.64) was attributed to interactions between the fluorinated side-chain protons and anions. Moreover, rheological analysis indicated a low tan delta. The gel polymer electrolyte showed oxidation stability up to 4.5 V and stable Li deposition/dissolution, highlighting its potential for battery applications.
Sucralose has recently been reported to influence immune function and gut microbiota, possibly through interactions with cell membranes. To investigate its molecular effects, we examined the phase behavior of model biomembranes composed of monoolein and dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine using X-ray diffraction. Unlike sucrose, sucralose expanded the lattice constant of the cubic phase in monoolein and destabilized non-lamellar phases in both lipid systems, promoting lamellar structures. These results suggest that sucralose interacts with lipid head groups, increasing the effective interfacial area.
