2023年7月29日至8月1日,受超强台风"杜苏芮"深入内陆影响,京津冀地区遭遇特大暴雨,海河发生流域性特大洪水.研究表明,该事件与华北平原历史上多起重大极端暴雨洪水事件存在共性特征,即均伴有北上台风诱发太平洋水汽输送这一特殊过程.考虑到台风现象的特殊性,综合分析华北平原历次极端暴雨洪水事件的致灾机制,并在此基础上精准完善相关防洪减灾体系,具有十分重要的意义.
Since the implementation of market-oriented practices for river and lake maintenance in Shanghai,there has been a transition from a two-fold"full coverage"(river cleaning and facility maintenance)to an integrated"comprehensive maintenance"that includes"ecological safeguarding,water quality protection,maintenance of green areas,shoreline protection,river surface cleaning,and riverbed training".The achievements have been significant,but there are still blind spots and challenges in river and lake management and maintenance.Based on research into the current situation of maintenance enterprises in Shanghai,this study analyzes the shortcomings and proposes strategies in internal management,workforce development,and technological innovation to fully exploit the benefits of standardized,specialized,and refined management of rivers and lakes.
The basic water situation in China,characterized by summer floods and winter droughts,with water scarcity in the north and abundance in the south,leads to an uneven distribution of water resources in time and space.Conducting inter-basin and inter-regional water transfer is a necessary and effective means to achieve spatial balance of water resources.This paper reviews the basic situation of water transfer project construction in China,analyzes the achievements and existing problems of completed water transfer projects.Considering the new requirements of building a modem and high-quality water conservancy infrastructure network in the new era and the new journey,it assesses the situation and challenges facing water transfer project construction.The paper proposes relevant suggestions for advancing the planning and construction of water transfer projects in China under the new situation,focusing on continuous improvement of completed water transfer projects,expedited construction of backbone water transmission and distribution channels,and enhanced scientific management of water transfer projects.
River ecosystems undergo a series of changes under the influence of strong disturbance behaviors.This paper summarizes the research progress on river ecology both domestically and intemationally,discussing the definition,classification,and ecological features of strongly interfering rivers.A comprehensive framework for the ecological study of strongly interfering rivers is established,covering hydrology,geomorphology,sediment,and biology.A technical system is constructed,encompassing reservoir ecosystems,strongly interfering rivers,fish passes,aquatic biological protection areas,and fish migration.The paper also provides an analysis of its application scenarios.
Strengthening the utilization of reclaimed water is crucial for optimizing the water supply structure,increasing water resource supply,alleviating conflicts in water supply and demand,reducing water pollution,and ensuring water ecological security.Taking Yiwu City in Jinhua City of Zhejiang Province,as a typical case,this study analyzes the development process and current status of reclaimed water allocation in the city.The analysis delves into the main practices in reclaimed water allocation in Yiwu City,covering aspects such as planning layout,management system,standard construction,market incentives,and investment in facility construction and operation.The experiences and insights gained from Yiwu City aim to provide valuable references for the reclaimed water allocation in other regions.
