[Introduction]Magnetron sputtering of rose gold film has outstanding environmental advantages over electroplating.However,there are few research reports about etching behavior of target during magnetron sputtering.[Method]Magnetron sputtering was conducted with a planar target made of Au85 rose gold under vacuum condition.The effects of target current,power density,and magnetic field arrangement on the etching behavior of target were studied.[Result]The glow and sputtering process were stable at low target current and power density.The target particles were sputtered preferentially layer by layer along a crystal surface,forming stepped linear stripes.V-shaped grooves were formed on target surface,and the angle between the slope of etched area and the normal direction of target surface was about 75°-76°.With the increasing of target current or power density,arc discharge occurred occasionally during sputtering,and mastoid-like micromorphology was formed on the etched area.The target material melted in a short time when the target current was too high.The depth and width of etching grooves were nonuniform due to the endpoint effect caused by the magnetic field arrangement of target base.[Conclusion]In order to improve the utilization of planar precious metal target,the magnetic field layout should be modified,and the power density should be controlled lower than the threshold of arc discharge.
为探究氧化铝纤维增强铝基复合材料的耐蚀性,进行了模拟浅层海水腐蚀试验.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、维氏硬度计等设备,对不同镀铜氧化铝纤维含量的ZL301基和Al基复合材料的微观形貌、元素成分、相结构及显微硬度进行了研究,着重就含5％镀铜氧化铝纤维的ZL301基复合材料在5％NaCl溶液中浸泡不同时间后的表面形貌及腐蚀产物进行了表征.结果表明:纯铝的耐蚀性优于ZL301铝合金;镀铜氧化铝纤维的加入削弱了材料的耐蚀性,且随着纤维含量的增加,复合材料的耐蚀性逐渐降低.镀铜氧化铝纤维增强ZL301基复合材料的腐蚀可以分为3个阶段:腐蚀性离子的吸附,形成点腐并破坏表面氧化膜,以及基体腐蚀.
Ni-Co-CeO2 composite plating was conducted on the surface of copper mold for continuous casting by adding some CeO2 particles with an average diameter of 20 μm to a Ni-Co alloy plating bath to improve the performance and service life of the mold.The optimal bath composition determined by orthogonal test with microhardness of coating as the index is:NiSO4·6H2O 90 g/L,CoSO4·7H2O 18 g/L,C6H8O7·H2O 110 g/L,and CeO2 3 g/L.The surface and cross-section morphologies,elemental compositions,and phase structures of Ni-Co alloy coating and Ni-Co-CeO2 composite coating were compared by field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The corrosion and wear resistance of the coatings were also compared by electrochemical analysis and friction and wear testing.The results showed that the Ni-Co-CeO2 composite coating had a microscopically rough and cellular surface,but was compact and free of micro-cracks macroscopically.It featured a microhardness of 663 HV,as well as much better corrosion and wear resistance than the Ni-Co alloy coating.
采用化学接枝法将聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)引入含氟乙烯基硅油(F-VPS)中,使用含氢硅油(PMHS)作为交联剂,制得了一种POSS改性含氟防粘涂层(FPS-POSS),考察了硅-氢键(Si-H)与硅-乙烯基团(Si-Vi)物质的量比、氟单体引入量、POSS种类、POSS添加量及涂布工艺对涂层硬度、附着力、剥离力、接触角和透光率的影响.结果表明,POSS的加入能有效提高防粘涂层的各项性能.当FPS-POSS中Si-H与Si-Vi物质的量比为1.1:1.0,氟单体含量为10％(质量分数),八乙烯基倍半硅氧烷(OV-POSS)添加量为3％(质量分数),固化温度和时间分别为120℃和5 min,涂覆次数为2次时,防粘涂层的综合性能最优,其铅笔硬度为3H,附着力为1级,水接触角为117.8°,剥离力为0.028 N/cm,透光率为88.6％.
为研究高压直流(HVDC)输电接地极在单极大地回线方式运行时其入地电流对附近油气管道的影响,考虑管道阴极保护在内,针对接地极入地电流,在不同的接地极与管道间距离、土壤电阻率、管道涂层电阻和管道外径的条件下,对管道的干扰情况进行了模拟.采用COMSOL Multiphysics软件,基于有限元法建立了HVDC接地极对管道的干扰模型,通过直流干扰实验验证了干扰模型的准确性,并仿真得出管道阴极保护电位受接地极干扰的分布规律.结果表明,管道阴极保护电位的偏移随接地极电流和土壤电阻率增大而增大,随接地极与管道间距、管道外径和管道涂层电阻增大而减小.还对管道的其他防腐措施进行了分析.研究结果可为优化管道阴极保护系统和接地极埋地提供依据与参考.
