Information dissemination and intercity commuting jointly shape epidemic dynamics, but their combined effects in heterogeneous cities require further investigation. We develop a two-layer model coupling information diffusion through pairwise interactions and 2-simplices with susceptible–infected–susceptible disease transmission in two cities differing in population size and transmission conditions. Asymmetric commuting generates additional cross-city contacts while preserving within-city contact structures, and informed individuals receive protection against infection. Using the microscopic Markov chain method, we derive the critical transmission probability βc from the spectral radius of an effective transmission matrix. The predicted stationary infection densities agree well with Monte Carlo simulations. Stronger pairwise information transmission suppresses infection and raises βc, with the latter effect approaching saturation. Under the investigated conditions, higher-order information transmission mainly changes the distribution of information states and has a comparatively limited effect on prevalence. Stronger commuting generally increases prevalence, whereas its influence on βc depends on the city network structure. Variations in information-induced protection produce larger threshold changes than variations in commuting intensity over the examined parameter ranges. Moreover, faster withdrawal from active information dissemination weakens epidemic suppression even when individual protection persists. These findings clarify the distinct roles of sustained information dissemination, individual protection, and commuting contacts in coupled epidemic dynamics.
Forecasting extreme-tail risk in energy equities involves temporal-memory mismatch, quantile crossing, and scarce extreme observations. This study proposes a multi-scale entropy-gated deep quantile learning model, EntropyFusion-VaR. Weighted permutation entropy (WPE) characterizes local ordinal disorder, Rényi entropy describes concentration in the full binned return distribution, and transfer entropy (TE) describes directional predictive information. These state features drive a gate that coordinates a causal dilated TCN and a Patch Transformer. An incremental cumulative output layer ensures ordered joint quantiles at the 1%, 2.5%, and 5% levels. An exponential aggregation of pinball losses gives greater optimization weight to large forecast errors, while a differentiable coverage penalty regularizes exception frequencies. Experiments on EOG Resources (EOG), Marathon Petroleum (MPC), and Schlumberger (SLB) show lower reported average tail loss and zero quantile crossing. The model attains the best mean rank at each studied horizon and ranks first in eight of nine stock–horizon combinations. The evidence supports state-dependent tail-risk forecasting for these three U.S. energy-sector equities, with coverage assessed separately from loss improvement.
This study examines an apparent discrepancy that can arise between the canonical construction and the Taylor expansion constructed from a high-temperature thermodynamic potential restricted to the trivial Polyakov-loop sector in the presence of the Roberge–Weiss transition. We show that the discrepancy originates from the distinction between the full Roberge–Weiss-periodic partition function and a representation restricted to a single Polyakov-loop sector. We further discuss how this distinction is affected by the thermodynamic limit and why it does not cause a problem for the standard finite-volume canonical formulation used in lattice QCD simulations. We also discuss how to connect the full RW-periodic partition function with a single-sector expression in the thermodynamic limit.
Many problems in signal processing, machine learning, and neuroimaging provide several jointly observed measurements of one process, each mixing a component common to all of them with a component private to itself, and require the common component to be recovered without supervision. This problem has been studied in several communities, largely independently. Statisticians proposed canonical correlation analysis (CCA), introduced by Hotelling in 1936. Information theorists proposed two notions of common information, due to Gács and Körner and to Wyner. Engineers developed subspace methods for sensor arrays and multiuser communications to design multiview receivers. This tutorial presents the main results and tools each community developed for this problem in a single exposition, and explains the connections that emerge where they meet, distinguishing exact equivalences from special cases and analogies. We develop the information-theoretic foundation from first principles. We then introduce CCA and its extension to several views, followed by the engineering thread from blind multiuser detection to CCA as a blind receiver. Next, we turn to nonlinear CCA, covering kernel, deep, and probabilistic formulations, the conditions under which the common factor is identifiable, and connections to self-supervised learning. We conclude with a discussion of further extensions and open directions. The exposition is self-contained, so that readers from each of these communities can follow the parts developed by the others.
We present a correspondence principle framework that maps a classical field-amplitude decay law Γ(t) onto a vacuum-loss quantum master equation for a single bosonic mode. Under the strict assumption that an initially coherent state remains pure, the ansatz selects a vacuum reservoir loss model rather than fixing general open-system quantum dynamics. While classical attenuation alone does not fix the noise structure accordingly, the derived generator is a compatible quantum model under explicit zero-temperature assumptions, not a consequence of the classical envelope alone—as thermal noise or environmental fluctuations can produce different quantum states with identical mean amplitudes. After reviewing representative classical regimes we derive a generalized master equation for a single bosonic mode whose complex amplitude is αΓ(t), where Γ(t) is a real, positive, strictly monotonic envelope. The resulting dynamics reduces to the standard amplitude-damping Lindblad equation for Γ(t)=exp(−γt/2) and preserves the coherent-state form |αΓ(t)⟩⟨αΓ(t)|. We clarify the exact physical assumptions required for this construction and distinguish CP-divisibility from non-Markovian memory effects. We prove uniqueness of this generator only within the stated pure-loss, single-mode, real-envelope assumptions, clarify its exact equivalence to a time-reparametrized pure-loss channel and discuss the limits of validity in dispersive absorbing media within macroscopic QED.
