This study conducted to identify the mechanism of cell death that induced by these isolated flavonoids, either by induction of apoptosis or necrosis. Three flavonoids namely nobiletin (NOB), tectorigenin (TEC) and persicognin (PERSI) were isolated from the optimised extractable polyphenols (EPP) crude extract of date palm kernels (DPK). The effect of crude EPP, NOB, TEC, PERS and the non-extractable polyphenols (NEPP) from DPK and paclitaxel on human lung cancer A549 and human colon cancer HT29 cell lines and on the normal murine fibroblast 3T3 cell line were investigated using MTT crystal violet and trypan blue exclusion assays. Apoptosis, one type of programmed cell death, is a well-defined self-suicide process counteracting tumor growth. Many chemotherapy drugs produce antitumor effects by triggering the apoptosis through a variety of molecular mechanisms. Apoptosis is either created by death receptors, which are called extrinsic pathway utilizing caspases 8 and 10. The other pathway is mitochondrial path or intrinsic pathway involving caspase. Recognizing involved mechanisms in cancer development is of great importance for developing neoplastic treatment.
Rutin, a flavonoid with a wide range of biological activities, has a long history of use in nutritional supplements owing to its action against oxidative stress, inflammation, and hyperglycemia. Because of its pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antiapoptosis, antiinflammation, rutin is proposed to treat Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is a complex, multi-factorial neurodegenerative disease, and is characterized by neuronal atrophy of brain tissue. One of the pathological hallmarks of AD is the aggregation of soluble β amyloid (Aβ) into fibrillary deposits. Aβ aggregation induces neurotoxicity, oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation. In this review, we discussed the preclinical evidence on the antioxidant, antiapoptosis and anti-inflammatory proprieties of rutin, and the application of rutin in AD preclinical models. Rutin, delivered via oral and intraperitoneal routes, has been shown to functionally modify the cognitive and behavioural symptoms of AD in vivo due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and act as both an antioxidant and an anti-inflammatory agent in the brain. Rutin attenuates oxidative stress, decreases the production of nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokine and inhibits Aβ aggregation and cytotoxicity. Further studies to improve its bioavailability and investigations into its protective activities in AD would provide a concrete foundation for the use of rutin in clinical trials.
Resistant hypertension has become a difficult point in the control of hypertension because of the difficulty in controlling blood pressure well. Drug therapy has been an important method to control hypertension for many years, but in recent years, interventional methods represented by renal denervation (RDN) have provided new opportunities for the treatment of resistant hypertension. RDN releases energy through the ablation catheter and acts on the sympathetic nerve fibers on the vascular wall around the renal artery, thereby reducing the activity of the renal sympathetic nerve, blocking the increased activity and persistence of the sympathetic nerve, and thus it plays an important role in blood pressure control, especially resistant hypertension. This article reviews the research progress of RDN in the treatment of resistant hypertension. Mainly from three aspects: the definition of resistant hypertension and RDN, the research status of RDN in the treatment of resistant hypertension, and the influencing factors of RDN in the treatment of resistant hypertension.
Stroke danger and post-stroke incapacity have consistently diminished in the U.S. in the course of recent a very long time because of improved anticipation, and admittance to reperfusion treatments for intense ischemic stroke, for example, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA, alteplase) or potentially endovascular thrombectomy. Notwithstanding the adequacy and security of thrombolysis and thrombectomy, not all patients who get the treatment improve to full, free recuperation, and most patients are ineligible for treatment. Furthermore, there are no useful medicines to improve long haul results for patients after the intense period of ischemic stroke, or to lessen cerebrum injury prompted by intense intracerebral discharge. In this manner, improvement of new treatments for both intense and ongoing stroke is woefully required.
Resistant hypertension has become a difficult point in the control of hypertension because of the difficulty in controlling blood pressure well. Drug therapy has been an important method to control hypertension for many years, but in recent years, interventional methods represented by renal denervation (RDN) have provided new opportunities for the treatment of resistant hypertension. RDN releases energy through the ablation catheter and acts on the sympathetic nerve fibers on the vascular wall around the renal artery, thereby reducing the activity of the renal sympathetic nerve, blocking the increased activity and persistence of the sympathetic nerve, and thus it plays an important role in blood pressure control, especially resistant hypertension. Previous methods of performing RDN through the intima of the renal artery may damage the structure, increasing the risk of renal atherosclerosis. Therefore, taking this factor into account, in order to reduce the direct damage of the intima of the renal artery by radiofrequency energy, our team tried to implement RDN from the adventitia of the renal artery with the help of current mature laparoscopic technology and engaged in relevant research for decades, including animal experiments and clinical trials. On the basis of these studies, we have preliminarily verified the safety and effectiveness of this technology in the treatment of resistant hypertension.This article mainly introduces our team’s innovative technology of laparoscopic-based RDN from the adventitia of renal artery for the treatment of resistant hypertension.
