High-carbohydrate diets (HCD) usually lead to metabolic syndrome in many fish species. However, the role of phytosterol (PS) in alleviating HCD effects on largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is currently unknown. This study investigated the effects of dietary PS on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, histopathology, glucolipid metabolism, and metabolomics in juvenile largemouth bass fed a 5
Environmental factors such as temperature, salinity and pH influence oxygen consumption and nitrogen excretion in juvenile Selenotoca multifasciata. This study used intermittent-flow respirometry to evaluate the effects of temperature, salinity and pH on oxygen consumption rate (OCR), ammonia excretion rate (AER), O:N ratio, PEP and asphyxiation point in juvenile S. multifasciata. Temperature affected both OCR and AER, with the highest values recorded at 36 °C within the tested range, while the asphyxiation point also increased with temperature. Salinity effects were non-linear: OCR was highest at 15‰, AER remained comparatively low at 5–20‰ and increased markedly at 25‰, and the asphyxiation point was lowest at 10‰. pH effects were also non-linear: OCR was highest at pH 6.0 and lowest at pH 6.5, AER reached its highest value at pH 8.0, and the asphyxiation point was lower at pH 7.5–8.0 than at pH 6.0 and 9.0. These results show that juvenile S. multifasciata exhibited treatment-specific metabolic responses under short-term single-factor exposures. Within the present experimental context, 24–28 °C, 10–20‰ salinity and pH 7.5–8.0 were associated with comparatively lower oxygen-consumption/nitrogen-excretion burden or lower oxygen values at the measured asphyxiation endpoint. These ranges should be interpreted as experimental associations rather than validated optima for growth, performance or survival. Schematic representation of the metabolic regulation mechanisms of juvenile S. multifasciata in response to changes in temperature, salinity and pH.
The quest for sustainable alternative protein sources in aquaculture has been driven by rising costs and limited supply of traditional fish meal; insect meals have emerged as viable options. Among these, the high nutritional value and environmental sustainability of black soldier fly larval (BSFL) diet have garnered attention. The purpose of this study was to assess how a dietary BSFL meal affected the Nile tilapia’s (Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunological response, digestive enzyme activity, and histological features. For 60 days, fish were fed diets with varying amounts of BSFL meal (0, 30, 60, and 100
This study evaluated the protective effects of geraniol (Ger) in hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂) during 72 h of simulated live transport. Fish were assigned to four groups: control (CK) and Ger-treated groups at 20 mg/L (Ger20), 30 mg/L (Ger30), and 40 mg/L (Ger40). With prolonged transport, Kaplan–Meier estimated survival in the CK group declined to 50.60
The development and function of intestinal fluid transport capacity in Atlantic salmon, determine seawater (SW) readiness, but poorly understood in modern aquaculture practices. This study aimed to investigate the development of intestinal fluid transport capacity during smoltification and the effect of short-term fasting and a high-lipid diet. Two identical experiments were conducted using two feed types during smoltification: (1) control and (2) high-lipid diet with extra 5
