The increasing usage of fly ash in concrete has environmental and economic benefits by reducing the amount of cement needed and reusing by-products from industry. However, variations in the composition of the mixture, characteristics of the fly ash, and the curing environment might affect the mechanical properties of the fly ash concrete significantly. Therefore, accurate prediction of the flexural strength is crucial to improve the fly ash concrete mixtures. This study developed an ANFIS design to predict the flexural strength of fly ash concrete based on four inputs: water-cementitious-material ratio (W/cm), percentage of fly ash, fly ash LOI, and curing age. The experimentally measured flexural strength was assumed as the output of the system. The analysis of correlation showed that the curing age had the highest positive correlation with flexural strength, and LOI showed a negative correlation. The ANFIS result showed that for the water-cement ratio of 0.42, 69.8
Conventional welding quality inspection techniques are difficult, time-consuming, and frequently result in missing or erroneous examinations. Fast and precise on-site welding quality inspections are necessary as industrial automation increases. So, to give good technical support, we need detection models that are both more accurate and easier to use. This research aims to present an in-situ weld surface defect classification methodology grounded in the EfficientNetB4 and MobileNetV2 algorithms. The studies show that the proposed method for categorizing weld surface faults is better than others since it is more accurate and uses computer resources more efficiently. The strategy described in this study can get over the problems that occur with other ways in order to reach the output for minimize the manpower, reduce the process time, and achieve the higher accuracy. The method addresses the practical need for fast, accurate classification of surface weld defects in complicated industrial goods.
The present study investigates the nonlinear convective instability of a Casson nanofluid layer embedded in a Darcy-Brinkman porous medium using a finite-amplitude approach. The analysis is performed by considering Buongiorno's nanofluid model with Brownian motion and thermophoresis under stress-free and impermeable boundary conditions. Linear stability analysis is carried out using the one-term Galerkin method, while the nonlinear governing equations are reduced through a minimal Fourier expansion and solved numerically using NDSolve in Mathematica. The influences of the Casson parameter, Darcy number, porosity, Lewis number, modified diffusivity ratio, and nanoparticle Rayleigh number on the transient evolution of the thermal Nusselt number and nanoparticle volume fraction Nusselt number are investigated. The results reveal that nanoparticles delay the onset of convection compared with ordinary fluids. The Casson parameter primarily suppresses transient oscillations and reduces nanoparticle transport, whereas its influence on the steady-state heat-transfer rate is negligible. Increasing the Darcy number and porosity significantly modifies the transient convective behaviour by altering the permeability of the porous medium, while higher Lewis number, modified diffusivity ratio, and nanoparticle Rayleigh number stabilize the transient response by damping oscillations. Furthermore, streamline, isotherm, and isohaline distributions confirm the transition from conduction-dominated transport to fully developed nonlinear convection. The proposed model provides valuable insight into nonlinear heat and nanoparticle transport in blood-based Casson nanofluids and may contribute to the design of biomedical thermal management, targeted drug delivery, and thermal therapy systems.
Tellurite-borate glasses have attracted considerable interest because of their favorable optical, thermal, and structural properties, which make them promising materials for photonic and radiation-shielding applications. In the present study, tungsten oxide (WO₃)-doped tellurite-borate glasses with the composition (55 − x)TeO₂–20B₂O₃–15ZnO–10Na₂CO₃–xWO₃ (x = 5, 10, 15, and 20 mol
A new Hybrid Hydro-Mechanical Power Transmission (HHMPT) technology with suitable energy storage is proposed to transmit mechanical power from the turbine rotor to the generator and operate dual power units from a single wind turbine. It is a combined configuration of a Single Stage Planetary Gear Train (SSPGT) and a typical Hydrostatic Power Transmission (HPT) with a suitable energy storage system. The proposed power transmission overcomes all the issues that are reported in conventional wind-turbine power transmission systems, including gear-train and HPT. The proposed scheme reduces energy waste by running an additional power unit to handle excess energy generated by the pump when cyclones or storms continue for a long time and the accumulator exceeds its storage capacity. It also enhances the power generation potential by operating dual power units, thereby improving power supply quality at wind power supply locations. Moreover, the proposed system improves overall the system controllability, and eliminates the need for a frequency converter.
