The term Marxism is widely used but frequently misunderstood, misrepresented, or employed without adequate theoretical precision. This article reconstructs Marxism as understood and developed by Lenin, arguably the most influential Marxist theorist after Marx and Engels. It argues that Lenin's Marxism constitutes a systematic and integrated theoretical framework encompassing four interconnected components: dialectical-materialist philosophy, the materialist conception of history (historical materialism), political economy, and revolutionary political theory. Drawing directly on Lenin's major writings, the article shows that Marxism, for Lenin, provides a scientific explanation of class society grounded in objective material relations and class struggle, culminating in the revolutionary transformation of capitalism and the establishment of proletarian political power. It also demonstrates that Lenin viewed Marxism not as a dogma but as a living and developing theory that must be continuously elaborated in response to changing historical conditions. By reconstructing Lenin's Marxism as a unified system, the article clarifies its philosophical foundations, analytical structure, revolutionary implications, and highlights its enduring relevance for understanding capitalist society and struggles aimed at its transcendence.
