The heterogeneous photo-Fenton degradation of higher-concentration phenol using solid waste-based porous ceramsite suffers from limited efficiency. Here, CaTiO3-β zeolite/Fe2O3-modified porous ceramsite (CTO-β/FTVI) composites were prepared via impregnation-calcination. Under the tested conditions, the optimal 3-CTO-β/FTVI catalyst achieves 85.4
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as versatile precursors for constructing nanostructured metal oxides with tunable composition, hierarchical porosity, and rich defect chemistry. Recently, MOF-derived metal oxides have attracted growing interest as promising sensing materials for chemiresistive volatile organic compound (VOC) sensors owing to their high surface reactivity, abundant catalytic active sites, and flexible structural design. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in MOF-derived metal oxides for chemiresistive VOC sensing, focusing on synthesis strategies, structural characteristics, sensing mechanisms, and practical applications. Particular attention is given to synthetic approaches such as controlled pyrolysis, atmosphere regulation, template-assisted methods, and bimetallic doping, which play critical roles in tailoring morphology, defect structures, and interfacial properties. The structure-performance relationships are critically analyzed, highlighting the contributions of hierarchical porosity, oxygen vacancies, heterojunctions, and surface catalytic modulation to the improvement of gas-sensing performance. Representative sensing behaviors toward major VOC categories including aldehydes, ketones, aromatics, and alcohols, are summarized. In addition, recent advances in practical applications, such as indoor and environmental monitoring, breath analysis, and agricultural and food quality assessment, are reviewed. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives for MOF-derived chemiresistive VOC sensors are discussed.
Wire arc directed energy deposition (WA-DED) was adopted to prepare single-pass multi-layer thin-walled WE43 magnesium alloy components. To address the poor strength–ductility balance of as-deposited alloy, this work systematically studied the influences of T4 solution treatment and T6 solution-aging treatment on its microstructure, phase distribution, and mechanical properties. In the as-deposited alloy, continuous fishbone-shaped Mg41Nd5 eutectic phases were distributed along grain boundaries, and cubic Mg24Y5 particles were observed within equiaxed grains. After T4 treatment at 500 °C for 1 h, the elongation (EL) of the alloy was greatly improved from 9.8 to 18.3
The increasing reliance on nuclear technologies in energy production, medicine, and industry has intensified the urgent need for efficient radiation shielding materials capable of providing high protection while meeting modern demands for lightweight, flexible, and sustainable design. In this framework, polymer-based shields have gained considerable attention as promising alternatives to conventional materials. The present work reports the design and systematic evaluation of boric acid (H3BO3) reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites as lightweight neutron shielding materials. Flexible polymer films containing 0 (pristine PVA-B0), 25 (PVA-B25), and 50 (PVA-B50) wt B-O-C ) and B-OH groups, indicating crosslinking interactions within the polymer network. Thermal analysis demonstrated a pronounced enhancement in thermal stability, with the glass transition temperature increasing from 77 °C for pristine PVA-B0 to 94 °C for PVA-B50, while the char yield at 600 °C increased from 6.30 to 9.42
The surfaces of Ni and its alloys are frequently exposed to reactive gaseous environments during service. Using first-principles calculations, this study investigates the adsorption behaviors of H _2 and CO on low-index (100), (110), and (111) surfaces of Ni, alongside their subsequent effects on surface properties. First, we evaluated adsorption energies, intramolecular bond lengths, and the bond lengths between the molecular contact atoms and the Ni surfaces as a function of H _2 and CO coverage. Second, the impact of adsorbed molecules on Ni surface energy was quantified. Finally, by combining adsorption energies and geometric parameters with electron localization function analysis, we established clear criteria to classify the specific adsorption types of H _2 and CO on low-index Ni surfaces. These results elucidate the synergistic interplay between gas coverage and the surface geometry of Ni and offer critical guidelines for the rational design of Ni-based alloys with enhanced resistance to gas adsorption and environmental degradation.
