In this work, an estimated dimensional synthesis of a 6-bar, one degree of freedom Watt-II mechanism is used to address a motion generation problem. All the links have revolute pairs at each joint of the mechanism. The mechanism is capable to generate motion for large number of positions. The conventional dyad/triad and loop closure equations are derived using the analytical complex number method for large number of coupler displacement precision points. Solving these equations with a MATLAB code yields the final lengths and orientations of various links in the mechanism. The mechanism’s synthesis is illustrated and verified on a numerical problem.
This study addresses the need for a safer and more efficient ampule breaking solution in healthcare settings. Ampules, widely used for medication storage, provide a sterile environment that safeguards drugs from contamination. Traditional methods of opening ampules, including knives, gloves, cloth, and basic devices, often lead to safety risks, glass contamination, and inefficiency. To overcome these issues, a user-centered design (UCD) approach was adopted to develop an innovative ampule breaker. This device prioritizes user safety, minimizes contamination, and simplifies the ampule-opening process by capturing broken glass particles and ensuring a clean, controlled break. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of borosilicate glass ampules was conducted to assess different breaking mechanisms and optimize stress distribution. The ampule breaker’s ergonomic design allows healthcare professionals to handle various ampule sizes (1–5 mL) efficiently, addressing key regulatory and material considerations. With an integrated cap collection system, this solution reduces injury risks and contamination, enhancing clinical workflows. The IPR was filed for the device, and it will be soon brought to the market after the required regulatory clearances and certifications.
This study compares D3 steel liners to conventional cast iron liners that are used in sandblasting based on hardness, overall cost, casting defects and life span. Sandblasting, a commonly used process of surface preparation, faces productivity issues due to the frequent wear and brittleness of cast iron liners. To solve these issues, this study focuses on the performance of an alternative material, D3 steel as well as adding another surface treatment process called plasma nitriding. On analysing the mechanical properties of both liner types, the study shows improved durability and hardness of both materials post plasma nitriding. Results show that D3 steel liners performed better than the cast iron ones, with almost more than double life span post-nitriding. Although the initial cost of D3 was more, it made up for it by offering better long-term benefits like improving productivity by reducing the maintenance and replacing needs of the liners.
Resistance spot welding is widely used metal joining process in automobile, ship building, and aerospace industry owing to its lightweight and high versatility. The dissimilar welding is contemporary research area due to the highly varying fabrication requirements. This review article consolidates the research work carried out in the field of similar and dissimilar resistance spot welding of different types of steels such as mild steel, austenitic stainless steel, duplex stainless steel, and martensitic stainless steel. The peak load absorbed during the tensile shear test, microstructure of the fusion zone, and the failure mode of the weld nugget during the spot welding of several similar and dissimilar weld combinations are summarized. Furthermore, the review encompasses a comprehensive analysis of the failure mode of the weld nugget during spot welding for numerous combinations of similar and dissimilar welds. This review article serves as an invaluable resource for researchers and practitioners in the welding industry. It significantly enhances the understanding of resistance spot welding, encompassing both similar materials and dissimilar combinations. As the field continues to evolve, this comprehensive review provides a robust foundation for further advancements in welding techniques utilized across diverse applications.
This paper presents a novel method based on the orthogonal array and grey relational analysis for optimizing printing parameter that provides multiple responses. Tests are carried out on 3D-printed ABS components. The component’s Shore D hardness, weight, and Izod impact strength are examined. In this study, printing parameters, namely infill density, printing orientation, and printing pattern are optimized with the consideration of Izod impact strength, weight of the component, and Shore D hardness. The grey analysis yields a grey relational grade. The grey relational grade has been used to determine the ideal parameter levels which are statistically significant. To verify the test outcome, a confirmation test is conducted. The new technique may successfully enhance the printing parameter process’s responses, as demonstrated by the experimental findings.
