Antibiotic resistance, responsible for 1.14 million deaths worldwide each year, is one of the most urgent threats to public health. This complex phenomenon, driven by the overuse of antibiotics, agricultural practices, and the spread of resistant bacteria, requires a comprehensive global response within the framework of the "One Health" approach. This article provides an overview of European and national initiatives implemented to combat antibiotic resistance within the framework of the "One Health" approach. It highlights European and national efforts aimed at strengthening governance, coordination between countries and within territories, as well as surveillance and research. These efforts demonstrate Europe's and France's commitment to tackling antibiotic resistance and implementing the "One Health" approach. However, these achievements remain fragile in an international and national context where political priorities are rapidly shifting. To preserve health as a common good, it is crucial to maintain political commitment, funding, and international cooperation in order to address this crisis.
After three centuries of devastation caused by yellow fever, which hindered trade and colonization, a live attenuated vaccine was produced and is still in use today. Its development took place in a context of commercial and colonial rivalry between Europeans and Americans. The history of this vaccine, widely used in endemic areas and among travelers, has been marked by specific challenges, including international health regulations governing its use and its integration into childhood immunization programs in endemic regions. Shortages triggered by the resurgence of epidemics in Africa and Latin America led to measures such as extending the validity of vaccination and reducing the administered dose. Many uncertainties remain regarding the significance and mechanisms of the adverse effects observed after vaccination, which are rare but potentially fatal. The development of a vaccine that is equally effective but easier to produce and associated with fewer side effects is a central issue in the present and future history of this nearly century-old vaccine.
This article reconstructs Roman gynecology based on Latin medical texts, in the absence of any autonomous gynecological treatise in Latin. Drawing on a fragmentary corpus, it examines disorders of the female genital system and certain sexual dysfunctions, mainly through descriptions based on symptoms. The study shows that these conditions are relatively few in numbers, often described indirectly, and largely subordinated to reproductive function. The reserve of the authors - all sources being written by men - as well as social and gender norms strongly shape medical discourse and limit the attention paid to women's sexual well-being.
