Digital transformation is reconfiguring management control systems (MCS) through new forms of information processing, automation, coordination, and decision-making. This study exami-nes this relationship through an integrative review and relational thematic synthesis of 16 documents selected from specialized literature. The evidence was organized into six clusters: MCS architecture and reconfiguration, digital dynamic capabilities, digitalization and data-driven control, governance and decentralization, controllers and digital competencies, and artificial intelligence and algorithmic control. Co-occurrence analysis identified digitalization and data-driven control as the main connecting node, particularly through its relationships with controller competencies and governance. Four cross-cutting tensions also emerged: stability--adaptation, centralization--decentralization, automation--professional judgment, and efficiency--explainability. The findings indicate that digital transformation does not replace management control systems; rather, it reshapes their architecture, functions, professional roles, and governance mechanisms.
Caries in first permanent molars is a relevant school oral health problem, and its association with previous caries experience may vary according to enamel maturation. This study evaluated the moderating role of post-eruptive time, used as an indirect indicator of enamel maturity, in this association among schoolchildren aged 7 to 12 years, clustered within educational institutions. Poisson regression was performed using generalized estimating equations, with cluster-robust standard errors and adjustments for the design effect. The results showed that previous caries experience was associated with greater dental caries involvement, whereas post-eruptive time showed an inverse association. Furthermore, the significant negative interaction indicated that the magnitude of the association with previous caries experience progressively decreased as post-eruptive time increased, becoming statistically nonsignificant at higher levels. The findings, supported by sensitivity analyses, highlight the importance of considering post-eruptive time when assessing caries risk.
Clonal growth of Amazonian timber species is selected on height, on the assumption that this trait anticipates later performance. This study examined whether height, diameter and branching form a developmental chain, and whether genetic provenance modifies that trajectory. Thirty clones of Dipteryx ferrea from four provenances, established in an Amazonian clonal garden, were measured monthly on fourteen occasions. Linear mixed models, generalised models for the count traits and a within-clone path analysis with contemporaneous and lagged specifications were fitted. The chain held only when temporal precedence between traits was respected, and even then it was partial. The covariation between height and diameter was strong within clones and null between clones. The provenance effect could not be resolved with the available information, and the study specifies how many clones its resolution would require. The findings provide selection criteria for restoration and bound the reach of the evidence.
The seismic vulnerability of confined masonry houses is a relevant problem in developing regions, especially in self-managed constructions, whose structural performance depends on the quality of the confinement. This research evaluated the influence of this quality on seismic vulnerability, considering the moderating effect of mechanical coupling of the interface. To this end, 326 houses were analyzed through technical inspections and a model of structural equations by partial least squares, complemented with statistical validation procedures. The results showed that a higher quality of confinement significantly reduces seismic vulnerability (β = −0.469; p < 0.001), an effect that intensifies when the mechanical coupling between structural elements improves. It is concluded that the effectiveness of confinement does not depend exclusively on its construction characteristics, but also on the integrity of the interface, whose evaluation is essential to properly guide seismic reinforcement strategies.
Learning inequalities between students from urban and rural institutions are accentuated when the language of instruction differs from the mother tongue. This research analyzed the gaps in mathematical problem solving and the associated linguistic factors, through an explanatory cross-sectional study with 395 secondary school students from public institutions in Ayacucho, Peru. A confirmatory factor analysis and a hierarchical regression by ordinary least squares with robust standard errors were applied. The results showed that the rural context is associated with lower mathematical performance, although this disadvantage disappears when the difficulties of linguistic decoding are reduced and increases as they intensify. Likewise, the comprehension of mathematical statements contributes to attenuating inequality, instead of acting as a transmission mechanism. It is concluded that strengthening language skills is essential to reduce learning gaps between urban and rural contexts.
