This study evaluated whether chronic aerobic exercise could attenuate behavioral impairments associated with sleep deprivation (SD) in young and aged male mice. Young (3 months) and aged (18 months) Swiss mice were assigned to four groups: control, exercise (EXE), sleep deprivation (SD), and exercise followed by SD (EXE + SD). Animals performed treadmill training for 8 weeks and then underwent 72-hour SD. Behavioral tests assessed working memory (Y-maze), depression-like behavior (tail suspension), and anxiety-like behavior (elevated plus maze). The results suggest that age influences the effectiveness of exercise in mitigating sleep deprivation-induced behavioral deficits, opening avenues for future studies on the interaction between physical exercise, sleep, and aging.
Abstract Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increases cardiovascular disease risk through systemic inflammation, particularly through elevated C-reactive protein (CRP). This study investigated whether CRP stratification predicts mortality and cardiovascular events in OSA patients. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using the TriNetX Research Network, encompassing electronic health records from 130 healthcare institutions. Adults (ages 18–90 years) with OSA were stratified by CRP concentration: elevated (≥ 3.0 mg/L) versus low (≤ 2.9 mg/L). After propensity score matching for demographics and comorbidities, 240,727 participants per cohort were followed for five years. Primary outcome was all-cause mortality; secondary outcomes included cardiovascular events, arrhythmias, and acute kidney injury. Elevated CRP was associated with significantly higher all-cause mortality (11.3% versus 7.0%; HR 1.695, 95% CI 1.662–1.727; p < 0.001). The elevated CRP group demonstrated heightened cardiovascular risk: cardiogenic shock (1.0% versus 0.5%; HR 2.003), heart failure (9.8% versus 6.5%; HR 1.594), pulmonary hypertension (4.9% versus 3.4%; HR 1.508), and acute kidney injury (11.0% versus 6.4%; HR 1.825), all p < 0.001. Arrhythmic complications were also increased: atrial fibrillation/flutter (6.3% versus 4.8%; HR 1.372) and ventricular tachycardia (2.3% versus 1.8%; HR 1.388), both p < 0.001. Elevated CRP constitutes a robust predictor of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in OSA populations. Assessment of inflammatory biomarkers may enhance risk stratification, informing intensified monitoring and targeted therapeutic interventions.
Abstract Cognitive impairment is common in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but how cognition relates to positive airway pressure (PAP) adherence among asymptomatic referrals is less clear. We evaluated whether global cognition using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is associated with continuous PAP (CPAP) adherence. In total, 29 OSA patients underwent the MoCA test. Data on CPAP adherence was obtained at 3 months. The Pearson correlations quantified associations between MoCA scores and adherence/effectiveness measures. The mean age of the participants was of 64.3 ± 8.0 years, and 51.7% of them had MoCA scores < 26. Among those with mild OSA, who scored 5 to 15 on the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), 57.1% were impaired despite being asymptomatic by history. Higher MoCA correlated with higher CPAP use (r = 0.65, p = 0.023) and showed a positive trend with nights used > 4 hours (r = 0.54, p = 0.073). The attention domain correlated with both average hours/day and percent nights > 4 hours, while lower language scores correlated with higher residual AHI (r = −0.69, p = 0.019). The high prevalence of cognitive impairment despite the absence of self-reported symptoms suggests that cognitive deficits may be underrecognized in patients undergoing evaluation for OSA. The association of global cognition and attention with CPAP use further suggests that cognitive function may influence patients' ability to successfully engage with treatment. Cognitive impairment was present in 51.7% of this asymptomatic cohort and in 57.1% of participants with mild OSA. Higher global MoCA and attention scores were associated with greater CPAP use, while lower language scores were associated with higher residual AHI.
Periodontal disease (PD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are prevalent chronic inflammatory conditions affecting over 50% of Colombians and a substantial proportion of the global population. This study investigated genetic associations between interleukin (IL) gene variants (IL-1β, IL-10, IL-17) and the risk of PD, OSA, or their coexistence in 129 Colombian individuals, including cases (PD, OSA, PD + OSA) and healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing. Key findings revealed that IL-1β variants (rs1143627, rs16944) significantly increased OSA risk (OR = 3.6 and 3.36; p = 0.004 and 0.008). The IL-10 (rs1800896) also elevated OSA risk (OR = 4.44; p = 0.004), whereas the IL-17 (rs2275913) showed a protective effect (OR = 0.21; p = 0.0003). Among individuals with PD + OSA, IL-1β variants (rs1143627, rs16944) conferred an even higher risk (OR = 4.8; p = 0.0007–0.0008). No significant genetic associations were found for PD alone. In conclusion, these findings highlight the central role of inflammation in PD-OSA comorbidity, driven by dysregulated interleukin signaling pathways. Variants in IL-1β and IL-10 may predispose individuals to both conditions, suggesting shared inflammatory mechanisms. These insights could inform the development of targeted therapies addressing inflammatory pathways underlying PD and OSA. The study underscores the importance of genetic and molecular research in advancing personalized treatment strategies for overlapping chronic diseases.
