Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are promising for low-temperature applications compared with commercial lithium-ion batteries, because of the weaker solvation and higher conductivity of Na+ in electrolytes. However, the large size of Na+ leads to slow ionic transport and sluggish reaction kinetics in the electrodes, which is more severe after the lattice shrinks under low temperatures. Herein, a conjugated coordination polymer (CCP) is reported as a cathode for low-temperature SIBs, by using naphthazarin (DHNQ) as the ligands and Ni2+ as the metal centers. Benefiting from the π-d conjugation, the Ni-DHNQ exhibits a high electrical conductivity of 69.7 mS/m and maintains both structural integrity and efficient electron and ion transport even at −40°C. These characteristics collectively enhance the reaction kinetics and cycling stability. The Ni-DHNQ cathode enables ultrafast charging to 52% state-of-charge (SOC) in 90 s and exhibits an ultralow capacity decay rate of 0.0028% per cycle over 5000 cycles. When paired with an organic anode, the pouch full-cell could reach 87% of its SOC even at −40°C, far higher than the commercial lithium-ion batteries (12%) and reported alkali-metal-ion batteries. This work demonstrates the promise of CCPs for high-performance sustainable energy storage under extreme conditions.
ABSTRACT Dynamic machine vision requires compact neuromorphic hardware capable of adaptive sensing and robust information processing under fluctuating illumination. However, most neuromorphic visual systems still rely on separated modules for electrical switching, retina‐like preprocessing, synaptic memory, cortex‐inspired computation, limiting compactness and reconfigurability. Here, we report a trap‐engineered reconfigurable neuromorphic transistor based on a hybrid organic indacenodithiophene‐benzothiadiazole/polymer electret heterostructure for integrated retina‐to‐cortex‐inspired visual processing. Electrical gate pulses drive synaptic operation and information processing, while background illumination and gate bias jointly program the adaptive state through shallow/deep‐trap occupation and carrier capture/release. By regulating these material‐level trap dynamics, the device integrates transistor‐like switching, retina‐inspired adaptive preprocessing, and cortex‐inspired synaptic memory and computation within a single architecture. The transistor exhibits rapid visual adaptation within 0.39 s and a broad light‐intensity regulation range exceeding 73 dB. Enabled by programmable adaptive plasticity, it achieves robust contour extraction and visual recognition under strong illumination variations, including semantic segmentation accuracy above 97.3% and short‐term traffic trajectory prediction accuracy of 93.96% under dynamic exposure. This work links charge‐trapping physics with adaptive neuromorphic vision, offering a compact strategy for resilient machine vision hardware.
ABSTRACT Lithium metal batteries are promising energy storage systems but suffer from dendrite growth and interfacial instability caused by uneven Li + flux and uncontrolled anion migration. Herein, we report a facet‐regulated strategy to construct ultrathin two‐dimensional metal‐organic framework (MOF) nanosheets for ion‐selective separator modification. Density functional theory reveals that gluconate anions preferentially adsorb on high‐energy facets, suppressing vertical crystal growth and enabling the formation of Zn(bim)(OAc) based nanosheets (ZBO‐NS). When coated onto a polypropylene (PP) separator, the resulting ZBO‐NS@PP forms a uniform lamellar architecture with abundant open metal sites and hydroxyl groups. This structure enables strong anion anchoring and promotes selective Li + transport, as evidenced by an increased Li + transference number (0.73) and homogenized ion distribution confirmed by theoretical simulations. As a result, ZBO‐NS@PP effectively suppresses concentration polarization and dendrite growth, delivering stable Li + plating/stripping for more than 1000 h at a current density of 0.5 mA/cm 2 and an areal capacity of 1 mA·h/cm 2 , while maintaining a low overpotential of approximately 28 mV. In Li | |LiFePO 4 full cells, it achieves a high capacity retention of 85% after 500 cycles at 1 C. This work provides a general strategy for constructing ion‐selective interfaces via facet engineering of MOFs toward high‐performance lithium metal batteries.
ABSTRACT In the era of industrialization, water pollution has become a severe environmental and health challenge for humanity, and the risk management for clean water requires in situ monitoring of contaminants, and therefore a portable, highly sensitive, real‐time monitoring device is highly desired. Here, we introduce a portable microfluidic platform (PMP) with a magnetic separation/enrichment module and a detector of Zn‐doped SnO 2 gas sensor which can be applied to the pollutant (e.g., toluene, quinolone antibiotics, diethyl phthalate) detection in aqueous samples. By using the excellent enrichment‐desorption of magnetic absorbent for pollutants, the PMP can achieve the limit detection of 80 ppb towards toluene and the whole sample analysis can be accomplished in about 30 min. By integrating the test curves of standard samples with different concentrations of toluene, a quantitative relationship between concentration and peak area can be obtained, and the coefficient of determination ( R 2 ) is about 0.977 which is almost the same as that detected by gas chromatography. The detection results can be transmitted to an intelligent terminal wirelessly through the highly integrated microsystem, and therefore the PMP holds a great promise for practical application.
ABSTRACT Rationally designing organic electrode materials (OEMs) with abundant redox active sites and multisite chelation represents a compelling strategy for high‐performance aqueous rechargeable batteries (ARBs). Herein, a fused N‐heterocyclic quinone (DNQ‐CA) featuring an extended π‐conjugated framework and a unique ortho ‐chelation structure is demonstrated as a versatile electrode for both aqueous zinc‐ion and ammonium‐ion batteries. Structural characterization and theoretical calculation reveal that the extended conjugated structure enhances electron delocalization, suppresses dissolution and provides dense adjacent active sites for ion storage. Consequently, DNQ‐CA exhibits a high reversible capacity of 289.5 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g, outstanding rate capability, and exceptional cycling stability (90.7% retention after 10,000 cycles at 20 A/g) in ZnSO 4 electrolyte, outperforming PDA‐CA analogues and most reported OEMs. Mechanistic investigations uncover a synergistic H + /Zn 2+ co‐insertion process involving reversible C═O/C─O redox reactions in ZnSO 4 electrolyte. Meanwhile, DNQ‐CA delivers a reversible NH 4 + storage capacity of 270.5 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g and 98.9% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 5 A/g in (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 electrolyte. Furthermore, the DNQ‐CA | |MnO 2 full cell demonstrates high reversible capacity and good cycling stability in both electrolytes, confirming DNQ‐CA as a versatile ARB anode. This study demonstrates that integrating extended π‐conjugation with multisite ortho ‐chelation serves as a powerful molecular design strategy for advanced electrodes in ARBs.
