The fundamental idea behind the modern networked economy revolves around strategic business partnerships. As a result, interoperable systems are of utmost importance as it allows businesses to exchange technical business information across organizations to meet the demand at the lowest possible cost. This paper addresses the problem of implementing adequate risk management in interoperable environments since the number of potential threats increases with the number of communicating entities. In other words, the goal is to propose a theoretical framework that can be applied in both the analysis and design phases of interoperable systems. The framework proposed in this study builds on the ATHENA and ECOLEAD interoperability frameworks, and combines them with crucial information security features to produce the novel framework.
Parsers for semi-structured natural languages must be able to parse both structured and free text. The common approach for these parsers is to make use of natural language processing to parse the free text sections. This paper investigates the semi-structured natural language found in crochet patterns. We show that the natural language found in crochet patterns is restrictive enough for typical multi-phase methods used in compilers to parse these patterns. To measure the success of the pattern parsing, we translate patterns to crochet diagrams. Two different parsers are implemented. The first parser creates a uniform, structured representation of the crochet pattern. We define a formal language for this representation, that can be applied to most crochet patterns. The second parser translates the formal language to a crochet diagram. This approach proves to be successful for a wide range of different patterns.
IsiXhosa is a low-resource language, which means that it does not have many large, high-quality corpora. This makes it difficult to perform many kinds of research with the language. This paper examines the use of focused Web crawling for automatic corpus generation. The resulting corpus is characterised using statistical methods: its vocabulary growth has been found to fit Heaps’ Law, and its word frequency has been found to be heavy-tailed. In addition, as expected, the corpus statistics did not match expectations from non-agglutinative languages.
Virtual ways of working such as work-from-home, remote-work and telecommuting have traditionally been implemented by organizations usually to a few employees for specific projects. The transitioning of organizations from a co-located environment to a fully virtual context induced by the COVID-19 pandemic had effects on the process of performing Information Systems Development (ISD). This study employed a single case study of a medium-sized software organization with one hundred and thirty employees that had transitioned to a virtual environment. Data was collected through seventeen interviews and from relevant documents. A literature-derived Systems Development as Performing (sd-as-p) framework was modified and updated with subthemes that emerged from the thematic analysis of case data. The enactment of virtuality was found to influence the following processes of performing ISD, namely (1) leading; (2) communicating; (3) collaborating; (4) knowing; (5) developing with agility; (6) dealing with challenges; (7) trusting; and (8) assessing achievements.
We present a tool that implements a spotlight abstraction technique for model checking the schedulability of real-time tasks in operating systems. We present the implemented model checking approach, tool features, usage, and a performance evaluation of the tool. The model checking approach applies spotlight abstraction that partitions the task queue under schedulability analysis into a so-called ‘spotlight’ and a ‘shade’ to combat the state-space complexity. Iteratively, the schedulability analysis of the spotlight is undertaken over an abstract model of the system under consideration. In each iteration, the tasks from the shade are brought to the spotlight, and model checking can proceed until a decisive schedulability result is obtained. Empirical results for the schedulability analysis of real-time tasks showed that definite model checking results can be obtained within reasonable run-time.
