主流意识形态号召力是主流意识形态对于社会成员的理论说服力、思想感召力、行为动员力和情感引导力等的总和,它彰显了主流意识形态对于社会成员思想影响的深度和实践引领的强度,影响着中国式现代化发展和中华民族伟大复兴的历史进程.新时代,主流意识形态号召力面临着多重挑战,包括错误思潮干扰、敌对意识形态攻击、利益分化和价值多元、社会信任危机等.为此,必须多措并举,着力提升主流意识形态号召力,包括要"以利得人",要"以理服人",要"以神凝人",要"以情感人",要"以言动人",要"以术吸人".
在唯物史观创建过程中,马克思、恩格斯的文本中蕴含着丰富的意识形态理论资源,其中就凝结着有关思想认同的理论内容.马克思的博士论文已经提到主体认同的例外性,原子偏斜就隐含着认同过程中的例外逻辑.马克思对书报检查制度及为该制度进行辩护的论调进行批判,其中揭橥出认同之误认的基本方式.在《德法年鉴》时期的文本中,解放这一总问题中蕴含着观念解放,观念解放直接关涉思想认同问题,即从宗教认同转向政治认同,但是政治认同中存在误认,仍需更进一步提升至人类解放层面.马克思、恩格斯在合著的《德意志意识形态》中指出,批判不能仅仅止步于认识论层面,更需要在现实层面进行实践和变革,这就意味着理论批判和实践变革的有机统一.
元宇宙开启了精神资源开掘的新生态,元宇宙可在精神生产力效率提高和生产关系优化向度赋能精神生活共同富裕.在理论上,元宇宙在推进精神文化数量积累和质量升级中彰显着技术正当性,精神生活共同富裕作为新向标将元宇宙技术工具性引向发挥正向作用的价值目的性.在实践中,元宇宙在对人的精神生活需求升级、生产高效化和共享式分配中发挥技术优势.在价值面,元宇宙具备服务于人的精神生活的价值合理性,在党的领导下强化元宇宙满足人民精神需求的价值导向,指向实现全民的、全面的和持续的精神生活共同富裕.
发挥文化在推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化中的作用至少具有三方面依据:马克思主义关于文化本质属性观点提供了深刻的理论依据;推进社会主义文化强国建设提供了坚实的实践依据;国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的文化困境提供了强烈的现实依据.文化在推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化中的作用突出表现在于:引导治理理念、整合治理体系、协调治理能力、支撑治理方式和推动治理目标实现等.新时代,更好发挥文化的独特作用需要:以马克思主义为指导,引领国家治理体系和治理能力现代化;以社会主义核心价值观为导向,规范国家治理体系和治理能力现代化;以中华优秀传统文化为软实力,推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化;以文化制度体系为保障,助力国家治理体系和治理能力现代化.
Chinese path to modernization is a significant innovation in the practice of world modernization.While reflecting the common characteristics of modernization of all countries in the world, Chinese path to modernization has also achieved many innovations. The creation of a socialist market economic system in the process of promoting economic marketization, the creation and development of the whole-process people’s democracy in the process of promoting political democratization, the initiation and promotion of comprehensive rule of law in the process of promoting the rule of law in the country, and the expansion of the influence of Chinese culture in the process of promoting cultural internationalization are the concentrated manifestations of its innovation.
马克思对普遍解放的理解是围绕两对关系,即特殊性和普遍性的关系、抽象和现实的关系展开的.马克思以此为出发点提出普遍解放的任务就是克服人类社会内部的异化力量、在人的现实性基础上实现人的本质的复归.为了廓清"普遍解放何以实现"的问题,在《论犹太人问题》和《导言》中,马克思全面审视并否定了布鲁诺·鲍威尔等提出的宗教批判—政治解放的道路,在此基础上提出了他关于普遍解放的理论认识和实践构想.对普遍解放的探赜构成了马克思这两篇著作思想路径的主线.
对马克思文本的研究与对马克思本真思想的把握之间存在一定程度的差距.文本类型研究作为文本学方法之一,能够最大限度地帮助我们切近马克思思想.目前,国外学者较少对马克思文本类型问题进行专门考察;国内学者则主要围绕文本类型研究的重要性、文本划分方式和研究的方法论等问题进行研究,并取得了一系列重要成果,但存在重视程度不够和研究深度不足的问题.因此,应充分重视文本类型研究,把握其在还原马克思思想的本真精神、彰显马克思思想的完整视域、厘清马克思理论体系的结构层次、拓宽文本研究范式上的四重价值,并对文本分类和使用原则作出新思考,以实现文本类型研究的方法论自觉.
The theory of proletarian party’s struggle strategy is an important part of Marxist party theory. The historical materialism founded by Marx and Engels is the theoretical premise for formulating the struggle strategy of the proletarian party. On this basis, Marx and Engels clarified the goal guidance of the struggle strategy of the proletarian party,that is,having a clear revolutionary program;the firm direction of the proletarian party’s struggle strategy is to always adhere to the correct revolutionary position;the flexible use of the struggle strategy of the proletarian political parties is to formulate specific strategies in line with the reality. When formulating and implementing the proletarian revolutionary struggle strategy,we should adhere to the principles of unity of principle and flexibility,unity of short-term objectives and long-term objectives,and optimization of the actual effectiveness of the strategy. Marx and Engels’ theory of proletarian party’s struggle strategy provides important enlightenment for the Party’s struggle work in the new era:constantly adjust the Party’s struggle strategy according to the stage of social development,flexibly formulate the Party’s struggle strategy according to the complex changes of the situation,and persist in the dialectical unity of the principle and effectiveness to realize the Party’s struggle strategy.
Discourse of historical nihilism attempts to launch challenges logic of argument, class subject, research methods of historical materialism by means of flexibility. However, discourse of historical materialism actually has revealed class prejudice, abstract logic, and expansion nature of historical nihilism since its being founded. Thus, correction of historical nihilism discourse in the perspective of historical materialism becomes keys to theoretical exploration for the sake of making historical discourse adapt to new historical background and era conditions. And the points of discussion mainly include revelation of realistic sources,correction of argument object and blocking-up of traveling path.
Entering the new era, the significance of emphasizing common prosperity of people’s spiritual life lies in that common prosperity of people’s spiritual life is the essential requirement of socialism, an important feature of Chinese path to modernization, and an important dimension of people’s good life. Promoting the common prosperity of people’s spiritual life from a vision to reality requires strengthening the spiritual guidance of socialist core values and optimizing the supply of spiritual and cultural resources while promoting high-quality economic development.
The relationship between comprehensively developing whole-process people’s democracy and common prosperity for all the people is a dialectical unity. Whole-process people’s democracy is the guarantee for promoting common prosperity for all the people, and common prosperity for all the people is the material foundation for comprehensively developing whole-process people’s democracy. Comprehensively developing whole-process people’s democracy and common prosperity for all the people is synchronous in time and content, interactive in practice, and collaborative in development. The two development processes form a synergy in mutual promotion. The joint promotion of comprehensively developing whole-process people’s democracy and common prosperity for all the people has effectively resolved political, economic, and social risks, achieving political stability, economic prosperity, and social harmony.
Resilience is an inherent characteristic of the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The distinctive characteristics of road resilience include pioneering and struggling, sense of principle and flexible, and compressive and setback resistant. The generation, strengthening, maintenance, and durability of road resilience are the result of the joint efforts of the Party’s strong leadership, adherence to its own path, deep penetration of Chinese culture, and adherence to the people’s position. With the accelerated evolution of profound changes unseen in a century and the deepening of comprehensive reform, the maintenance of road resilience has become an urgent and realistic issue of the times. Adhering to the unity of the Party’s leadership, market allocation, and people’s main force, the dynamic unity of development and security, and the unity of China’s development and the world pattern constitute the three keys to maintaining road resilience.
Globalization is an important perspective for examining the combination of the basic principles of Marxism and the excellent traditional Chinese culture. As the momentum of globalization continues to pour into the cultural field, the capitalist camp, under the guise of "cultural globalization", vigorously pursues cultural hegemony and cultural expansion, deviating from the correct path of cultural development of integration and mutual learning, and seriously endangering the cultural security of developing countries. Combining the basic principles of Marxism with excellent traditional Chinese culture can effectively maintain national cultural security,which is not only a positive response to "cultural globalization", but also a comprehensive innovation of Marxism, excellent traditional Chinese culture, and excellent foreign culture. The combination of the basic principles of Marxism and the excellent traditional Chinese culture has made significant contributions to correcting the "cultural globalization" led by the logic of capital and opening up a new realm of harmonious but different global cultural integration: First, it provides value guidance to correct "cultural globalization" with the common values of all mankind. Second, it provides a solid foundation for correcting "cultural globalization" with the new form of human civilization. Third, it provides a practical solution for correcting "cultural globalization" by "building a community with a shared future for mankind".
The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is a very important congress held at a critical time when the people of all ethnic groups in China are confident in building Chinese path to modernization and promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The new concepts, new ideas, and new judgments put forward by the congress are the concentrated embodiment of its theoretical innovation achievements,showing the characteristics of pioneering, leading, forward-looking, and comprehensive.
元宇宙是以新一代数智化技术为底层技术架构、并与现实世界相映射的数字孪生世界.其技术赋能思想政治教育具有双重性质:既产生视界创新、元境构建、环境重塑的价值,又存在伦理道德、技术支撑、数字主体等现实风险.因此,需在国家、社会、个人三个层面提前布局风险规避策略,为思想政治教育增势赋能.
近年来,"西方中心论"在网络空间以更具迷惑的出场形象、更为隐蔽的传播形式、更加虚伪的内容输送、更加扭曲的价值理念,暗中耦合各种不良社会思潮侵染人们的精神世界,为资本主义的全球扩张不断造势."西方中心论"在网络空间的传播机理具体表现为经由信息场域建构实现价值侵染、利用网络传播秩序产生共性传染、借助智能技术赋能结成信息茧房、通过网络舆情发酵完成肆虐传播,以达到抢夺主流意识形态网络话语权、削弱主流文化的引导地位、弱化民族自尊自信的险恶目的.为此,应通过完善相关网络治理体系、建构主流意识形态网络话语权、加强主流意识形态教育等措施予以主动回击.
新时代的共同富裕是人民群众物质生活与精神生活都富裕.促进农民精神生活共同富裕是农村文化礼堂发展的旨归.从精神生活共同富裕视域审视当前浙江农村文化礼堂建设状况,总体上已取得较大成效,但还存在个体发展差异大、教育功能发挥不够、乡土文化资源挖掘不足和农民文化自创空间尚待扩充等问题.农村文化礼堂建设应在乡村全覆盖基础上,进一步从提升文化服务质量、强化社会主义核心价值观引领、乡土文化守正创新和推进全民共建四个维度开拓发展路径,为打造农村精神文明高地、最终实现全体人民精神生活共同富裕助力.
马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化相结合,是中国革命、建设和改革的历史经验总结,也是中国式现代化高质量发展的必然选择.几千年来,中华优秀传统文化已经融入中华民族的血脉,发展成中华民族独特的"精神标识".中国式现代化离不开中华优秀传统文化的滋养与激活,只有如此,中国特色社会主义才有更加深厚的历史底蕴和文化根基.马克思主义同中华优秀传统文化能够水乳交融,是因为中华优秀传统文化在唯物论、辩证法思想、民本观念等方面与马克思主义有高度契合性.两者的结合奠定了新时代"文化自信"的基石,也是中国式现代化高质量发展的保证.加强党对文化建设的领导,对中华传统文化进行合理的扬弃,处理好守正与创新的关系,这是建构中国式文化现代化的必由路径.
百年变局与世纪疫情交织叠加,建设中国对外话语体系的重要性前所未有地凸显出来.当下中国对外话语体系建设仍存在以下问题:强调为"我"所用多而关注被"他"所知少,被动防守式澄清多而抢占先机式引领少,核心话语阐释多而支持性话语跟进少.突破中国对外话语体系建设的困局,应充分传承和借鉴中华优秀传统文化的宝贵资源.儒家话语以强大的国力为保障,以系统完备的话语框架为主体,以友好和平的交往实践为基础,以接收使者和译经述典为手段,成功走向了周边各国并取得广泛认同,给当代中国对外话语体系建设提供了重要借鉴.据此,今后应从以下三个方面着力:运用传统文化的思想资源丰富话语内容、发挥传统文化的粘合功能融通话语表达、汲取传统文化传播经验增强话语传播实效.
