In this article, the needle plate corona discharge plasma water treatment device is used to treat nicosulfuron in water. In this article, the effects of treatment duration, discharge gap, discharge voltage, initial pH and concentration of persulfate in the synergistic system on the degradation rate of nicosulfuron in the corona discharge system and corona discharge synergistic persulfate system were investigated, and the reaction kinetics were also analyzed. The research found that the use of plasma technology alone had a certain degradation effect on nicosulfuron in water. However, when combined with persulfate to form a synergistic system, the degradation rate of nicosulfuron could be significantly enhanced. And finally, the degradation pathway of nicosulfuron was inferred by using Fukui function and Mulliken Buju analysis.
This study investigates thyroid toxicity mechanisms of combined tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA) exposure using integrative network toxicology and molecular docking. We identified shared targets between thyroid disorders (hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, etc.) and TBBPA/TCBPA exposure. Protein-protein interaction network analysis prioritized core targets (TP53, AKT1, IL6, EGFR) with high centrality. Functional enrichment revealed significant associations with thyroid hormone signaling, PI3K-Akt, and cancer pathways, involving transcriptional regulation, xenobiotic response, and proliferation. Molecular docking demonstrated strong binding affinities of TBBPA/TCBPA to key targets via hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Shared core targets and pathways across distinct thyroid disorders suggest interconnected molecular mechanisms. Our findings propose that TBBPA/TCBPA co-exposure may disrupt thyroid homeostasis by modulating apoptosis, inflammation, and hormone signaling, while revealing latent disease correlations. This work provides insights into the environmental etiology of thyroid disorders and a framework for assessing combined toxicant effects.
This study assessed surface water and sediment physicochemistry, quantified Cd, Co, Cr, Pb, and Ni, and evaluated snail distribution and metal bioaccumulation along the Alaro River, Southwest Nigeria. Samples were collected and analysed at three stations using standard methods to provide an integrated view of contamination and bioavailability in a river impacted by urban and industrial activities. The mean surface water metals values (mg/L) were Cd (0.03 +/- 0.05), Pb (0.17 +/- 0.12), and Ni (0.06 +/- 0.05) (all > WHO limits); while electric conductivity (EC) ranged from 389 to 1592 mu S/cm. Sediment had the highest concentrations of metals (mg/kg), Pb (17.67 +/- 23.69) > Ni (9.29 +/- 13.88) > Cd (6.06 +/- 11.25), confirming it as a metal sink. Seasonally, pH, EC, phosphate, nitrate, and chloride were significantly higher in the dry season (p < 0.05), whereas sulphate, Cd, Pb, and Ni peaked in the wet season (p < 0.0001). A total of 1,114 freshwater snails (11 species) were recorded, including Melanoides tuberculata and snails of public health concern such as Bulinus globosus and Lymnaea natalensis. Metals were significantly higher in viscera than shells (p < 0.05), indicating consumer risk and the need for stricter waste regulatory enforcement and public health interventions in River Alaro.
