Quff: A Dynamically Typed Hybrid Quantum-Classical Programming Language

Current strategies for quantum software development still exhibit complexity on top of the already-intricate nature of quantum mechanics. Quantum programming languages are either restricted to low-level, gate-based operations appended to classical objects for circuit generation, or require modelling of quantum state transformations in Hilbert space through algebraic representation. This paper presents the Quff language which is a high-level, dynamically typed quantum-classical programming language. The Quff compiler and runtitne system facilitates quantum software development with high-level expression abstracted across the quantum-classical paradigms. Quff is constructed on top of the Truffle framework which aids the implementation and efficiency of the stack, while reusing the JVM infrastructure. The presented comparisons display that Quff lends itself as an effective, easy-to-use solution for the development of executable quantum programs with automatic circuit generation and efficient computation.