专

一种改性再生粗骨料及其制备方法

17707781703C

发明人

寇长江, 方雪飞, 孙纪阳, 叶浩, 许舒翔, 蒋津义, 陆禹

受让人

申请人

Curtis L. Munson, Ralph T. Yang

申请号

506685

申请日

2022-03-19

公开(公告)号

17707781703C

公开(公告)日

2002-09-12

IPC分类号

H01J029/98G09G001/00

CPC分类号

优先权号

293054

优先权日

1988-11-18

摘要

The drive unit has a power sensor attached to the finger. A set of arms (103) are connective to the power sensor with motor and rotation angle detector provided at the nodes of these arms. The power information needed for control is stored in the memory device. A switching device (208) is connected to the memory device. When direct teach in his performed by the operator the switch disconnects the memory from the control circuit.

ADVANTAGE -Improves safety. Reduces electric power consumption needs only one power sensor.

权利要求

1. A method in a computing system of identifying one or more persons of interest that may reflect the identity of an individual, comprising: receiving, by the computing system, identification information associated with an individual from a portable identification device; receiving, by the computing system, environmental information, wherein the environmental information is indicative of a level of scrutiny that is to be applied to the received identification information for a location in which the portable identification device is operating; identifying, by the computing system, a plurality of candidates by matching the received identification information with candidate information associated with each of the plurality of candidates; generating, by the computing system, a candidate score for each of the plurality of identified candidates, the candidate score based on a comparison of the candidate information and the received identification information, and representing a likelihood that the identified candidate and the received identification information identify a same individual; identifying, by the computing system, one or more of the plurality of candidates as persons of interest that may reflect the identity of the individual based on the generated candidate score and the received environmental information; and causing, by the computing system, one or more of the identified persons of interest to be displayed, the number of persons of interest that are displayed being dependent on the level of scrutiny indicated by the environmental information.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein two or more identified persons of interest are displayed on a single display screen of the portable identification device.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein an operator of the portable device can configure the number of displayed candidates.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising: selecting, by the computing system, one or more acts associated with each identified person of interest for which the person of interest is suspected, charged, or convicted; and ranking, by the computing system, the one or more selected acts.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the selected acts are ranked based upon the received environmental information.

6. The method of claim 4 further comprising displaying the one or more identified persons of interest, wherein each displayed person of interest includes an indication of at least one of the selected acts associated with the person of interest.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the comparison of the candidate information and the received information comprises comparing at least a portion of the candidate information with a portion of the individual identification information.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the portion of the candidate information matches the portion of the individual identification information.

9. The method of claim 1 further comprising identifying, by the computing system, the plurality of candidates based in part by the received environmental information.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the environmental information is received via a web service.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein the environmental information is received by retrieving the environmental information from a memory of the portable device.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein the environmental information comprises an alert issued by a government authority.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein the alert indicates a probability of a terrorist attack.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein the alert is an AMBER Alert.

15. The method of claim 1 wherein generating a candidate score comprises: parsing the received identification information into one or more portions of identification information; comparing the one or more portions of parsed identification information to corresponding one or more portions of categorized candidate information and calculating a portion score based on the comparison; and summing each calculated portion score to generate the candidate score.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the one or more portions of identification information comprise at least one of a name, an identification number, a date of birth, a image, an address, an alias, a nationality, a height, a weight, a hair color, an eye color, a gender, a race, or an act.

17. The method of claim 15 wherein generating the candidate score for each of the plurality of identified candidates further comprises comparing the received environmental information to one or more acts associated with each candidate.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein the candidate score is increased when the received environmental information relates to at least one act associated with each candidate.

19. The method of claim 15 wherein the candidate score for each identified candidate further takes into account a population score, and wherein the population score is generated by determining a frequency of at least one name of the candidate within a population.

20. The method of claim 1 wherein the number of identified candidates is based in part on the received environmental information.

21. The method of claim 1 , wherein a greater number of persons of interest are displayed when the environmental information indicates a high level of scrutiny, and a lesser number of persons of interest are displayed when the environmental information indicates a low level of scrutiny.

22. A system for identifying one or more persons of interest that may reflect the identity of an individual, comprising: a receiver configured to: receive identification information associated with an individual from a portable identification device; and receive environmental information, wherein the environmental information is indicative of a level of scrutiny that is to be applied to the received identification information for a location in which the portable identification device is operating; a processing component configured to: identify a plurality of candidates by matching the received identification information with candidate information associated with each of the plurality of candidates; generate a candidate score for each of the plurality of identified candidates, the candidate score based on a comparison of the candidate information and the received identification information, and representing a likelihood that the identified candidate and the received identification information identify a same individual; identify one or more of the plurality of candidates as persons of interest that may reflect the identity of the individual based on the generated candidate score and the received environmental information; and determine a number of identified persons of interest to be displayed dependent on the level of scrutiny indicated by the environmental information; and a display screen for displaying the determined number of the identified persons of interest.

23. The system of claim 22 wherein two or more identified persons of interest are displayed on the display screen.

24. The system of claim 22 wherein an operator of the portable device can configure the number of displayed candidates.

25. The system of claim 22 wherein the processing component is further configured to select one or more acts associated with each identified person of interest for which the person of interest is suspected, charged, or convicted, and ranks the one or more selected acts.

26. The system of claim 25 wherein the selected acts are ranked based upon the received environmental information.

27. The system of claim 25 wherein each displayed person of interest includes an indication of at least one of the selected acts associated with the person of interest.

28. The system of claim 22 wherein the comparison of the candidate information and the received information comprises comparing at least a portion of the candidate information with a portion of the individual identification information.

29. The system of claim 28 wherein the portion of the candidate information matches the portion of the individual identification information.

30. The system of claim 22 wherein the processing component is further configured to identify the plurality of candidates based in part by the received environmental information.

31. The system of claim 22 wherein the environmental information is received via a web service.

32. The system of claim 22 further comprising a memory, wherein the environmental information is received by retrieving the environmental information from the memory.

33. The system of claim 22 wherein the environmental information comprises an alert issued by a government authority.

34. The system of claim 33 wherein the alert indicates a probability of a terrorist attack.

35. The system of claim 33 wherein the alert is an AMBER Alert.

36. The system of claim 22 wherein the processing component generates a candidate score by: parsing the received identification information into one or more portions of identification information; comparing the one or more portions of parsed identification information to corresponding one or more portions of categorized candidate information and calculating a portion score based on the comparison; and summing each calculated portion score to generate the candidate score.

37. The system of claim 36 wherein the processing component is further configured to generate the candidate score for each of the plurality of identified candidates by comparing the received environmental information to one or more acts associated with each candidate.

38. The system of claim 37 wherein the candidate score is increased when the received environmental information relates to at least one act associated with each candidate.

39. The system of claim 36 wherein the candidate score for each identified candidate further takes into account a population score, and wherein the population score is generated by determining a frequency of at least one name of the candidate within a population.

40. The system of claim 36 wherein the one or more portions of identification information comprise at least one of a name, an identification number, a date of birth, a image, an address, an alias, a nationality, a height, a weight, a hair color, an eye color, a gender, a race, or an act.

41. The system of claim 22 wherein the number of identified candidates is based in part on the received environmental information.

42. The system of claim 22 , wherein a greater number of persons of interest are displayed when the environmental information indicates a high level of scrutiny, and a lesser number of persons of interest are displayed when the environmental information indicates a low level of scrutiny.

43. A portable system for identifying one or more persons of interest that may reflect the identity of an individual, comprising: a receiving component configured to receive identification information associated with an individual and environmental information, wherein the environmental information is indicative of a level of scrutiny that is to be applied to the received identification information; a matching component configured to: identify information associated with one or more candidates, wherein the identified candidate information is similar to the received identification information; identify one or more candidates as persons of interest that may reflect the identity of the individual, wherein the identified persons of interest are based on the received environmental information and a comparison of the received identification information and the candidate information of each candidate; and determine a number of identified persons of interest to be displayed dependent on the level of scrutiny indicated by the environmental information; and a display component for displaying the determined number of the identified persons of interest.

44. The portable system of claim 43 further comprising a scanning component configured to scan identification information and provide the identification information to the receiving component.

45. The portable system of claim 44 wherein the scanning component comprises a digital scanner, a camera, a magnetic strip reader, an optical character reader, a bar code scanner, or an RFID reader.

46. The portable system of claim 44 wherein the received identification information was scanned from an identification record.

47. The portable system of claim 46 , wherein the identification record is a state ID, a military ID, a passport, a corporate ID, or an RFID chip.

48. The portable system of claim 44 wherein an operator of the portable system can configure the number of identified persons of interest.

49. The portable system of claim 43 wherein the matching component is further configured to identify one or more acts associated with each identified person of interest.

50. The portable system of claim 49 wherein at least one of the one or more acts associated with each persons of interest are displayed with the persons of interest.

51. The portable system of claim 50 wherein the determined number of identified persons of interest is two or more, and the two or more persons of interest are displayed sequentially.

52. The portable system of claim 50 wherein the determined number of identified persons of interest is two or more, and the two or more persons of interest are displayed side-by-side.

53. The portable system of claim 50 wherein the displayed one or more acts are ranked based on severity.

54. The portable system of claim 50 wherein the displayed one or more acts are further ranked based on the received environmental information.

55. The portable system of claim 43 wherein the one or more candidates are identified based on the received environmental information.

56. The portable system of claim 43 wherein the environmental information comprises an alert.

57. The portable system of claim 43 wherein the comparison of the received identification information and the candidate information of each candidate comprises measuring a difference between the interpreted identification information and the corresponding candidate information.

58. The portable system of claim 57 wherein the candidate information comprises at least one of a name, an identification number, a date of birth, an image, an address, an alias, a nationality, a height, a weight, a hair color, an eye color, a gender, a race, or an offense.

说明书

[0001]FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to an optical sensor as well as a method for producing the same, and its use. BACKGROUND INFORMATION [0002] Optical sensors for determining the carbon monoxide content in the air are used, among other things, in fire alarms. Their function is based on the fact that a layer sensitive to carbon monoxide changes color reversibly upon contact with the gas to be ascertained. This change of color is recorded by a detector, and when a predetermined minimum concentration is exceeded, an alarm is triggered. [0003] In U.S. Pat. No. 5,618,493 such a carbon monoxide sensor is described. It includes two substrates to which sensitive layers are applied. One of the layers is provided especially for low humidity and low air temperature, the other for a higher temperature and humidity. In order to be able to detect the color change of the sensitive layers at contact with carbon monoxide, a light-emitting diode is provided as radiation source in the fire alarm described, whose light passes through the sensitive layers. The absorption appearing during this process is ascertained, using a photodiode. However, such a sensor does not have the sensitivity suited to strict standards, and has a long response time. [0004] The present invention is based on the object of making available a carbon monoxide sensor having great sensitivity and a short response time. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0005] The optical sensor according to the present invention has the advantage that it has a very short response time and very high sensitivity to carbon monoxide. This is achieved by adding a transition metal compound to the sensitive layer of the sensor, which reversibly undergoes chemical bonding with CO, and thus actively brings carbon monoxide in the air to the sensitive layer. This makes possible the rapid reaction of the sensor to changing carbon monoxide concentrations, but also a lowering of the response threshold of the sensitive layer. The sensitive layer is preferably deposited as a thin film on a translucent substrate. [0006] As a transition metal compound, copper(I) chloride is suitable above all, since it rapidly and effectively forms complexes with carbon dioxide at room temperature. [0007] In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the sensitive layer includes a matrix of hydrogel, since carbon monoxide has a substantially higher diffusion constant and solubility in aqueous media than in the usual polymer layers. This further raises the sensitivity and lowers the response time.

[0002]BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING [0008] The FIGURE shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of the optical sensor according to the present invention.

[0003]DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0009] The optical sensor 10 illustrated in the FIGURE contains a radiation source 12 which may be such as a light-emitting diode, and a detector 14 which is developed, for example, as a photodiode. Between the radiation source 12 and the detector 14 a translucent substrate 16 is positioned. For the material of the translucent substrate 16, other optically transparent substances such as polymethacrylates can be used. [0010] On the substrate 16 there is a sensitive layer 18, which reversibly changes its color when a minimum concentration of carbon monoxide is exceeded. The sensitive layer 18 includes a matrix in which there are the compounds responsible for the sensitivity of the sensor. In a preferred embodiment of the sensitive layer 18, this matrix is made of a hydrogel, but other polymers are also suitable, such as PVC and ethylcellulose. The use of hydrogel as matrix simplifies the production of the sensitive layer, since the substances further provided in the sensitive layer are predominantly water soluble metal salts, and, because of the water content of the hydrogel, they distribute themselves in it very homogeneously in dissolved form. [0011] Beyond that, the sensitive layer 18 demonstrates a very good response to carbon monoxide when a hydrogel is used as matrix, since the diffusion constant and the solubility of CO in water are substantially higher than in the usual polymers. [0012] In order to deliver the carbon monoxide present in the air as rapidly as possible, and in sufficient quantity to the sensitive layer 18, the latter preferably contains a transition metal compound which reversibly forms so-called carbonyl complexes with carbon monoxide, rapidly and with high yield. Suitable for this are compounds of the transition metals manganese, rhenium or iron (II), as well as the halides of rhodium, iridium and copper (I). The use of copper(I) chloride is especially preferred. [0013] Besides a transition metal compound for the improved take-up of carbon monoxide into the sensitive layer 18, the latter contains further substances used for detecting the carbon monoxide content of the air. These may be divided into three groups. Specifically, these are palladium salts as redox catalysts, molybdenum compounds as redox indicators, whose color change indicates the presence of carbon monoxide, and copper(II) compounds to guarantee the reversibility of the color change. [0014] In general, as the palladium salts, all water soluble salts of bivalent palladium can be used which are able to catalyze the reaction from CO to CO2 This applies above all to palladium halides. During the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide the bivalent palladium goes over into an oxidation state of 0. [0015] Palladium in oxidation state 0 is in a position to reduce a molybdenum(VI) compound which is also contained in the sensitive layer. As molybdenum compound, for example, molybdoorthosilicic acid, H4[Si(Mo3O10)4]*xH2O is used. In this process, the molybdenum goes over into oxidation state +III, and the compound shows a color change from yellow to blue. This is detected by an absorption or transmission measurement in the wavelength range from 500 to 1100 nm. [0016] To guarantee the reversibility of the color change, the sensitive layer 18 also contains a copper(II) compound, such as copper sulfate or a copper(II) halide. The molybdenum(III) compounds formed during the color reaction are returned to the hexavalent state by the Cu2+. [0017] The Cu+ thus formed is reoxidized to Cu2+ by such as the oxygen in the air. The backward reaction of the color change as well as the regeneration of the copper(II) compound take longer than the reactions leading to the color change. That is why the color change of the molybdenum compound is detectable at all. [0018] In order to make the gas permeability of the sensitive layer 18 as great as possible, a softening agent is also added to the layer. As softening agent, bis-(2-ethylhexyl)sebacate is preferably used. [0019] During the production of the optical sensor, a solution of the metal salts, the hydrogel or polymers, and the softening agent in water or tetrahydrofuran are applied and dried. Films are produced thereby, which advantageously have a thickness of 10 to 20 &mgr;m. [0020] The present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment described, but rather, in addition to the optical sensor for determining carbon monoxide, further applications can be imagined, in which a transition metal compound is used to form complexes for the improvement of the sensitivity of a gas sensor. This would apply, for instance, to the detection of hydrogen cyanide gas.

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