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    专

    一种免疫组化病理切片图片处理方法、系统与可读介质

    11007793888A1
    发明人
    ZHOU HENG, LI JIN, WANG JUFANG, FENG XIU, YANG PENGFEI
    受让人
    INST MODERN PHYSICS CAS
    申请人
    REM CHEMICALS INC
    申请号
    77973D
    申请日
    1979-09-06
    公开(公告)号
    11007793888A1
    公开(公告)日
    2020-06-17
    IPC分类号
    H02G001/02
    CPC分类号
    -
    优先权号
    3627378
    优先权日
    1983-07-17
    摘要

    Sintered layer is formed on a carbon-contg. iron-based material by applying an alloying powder tape to the substrate and heating the tape to cause liq. phase sintering and bonding of the resulting sintered layer to the substrate.

    The novelty is that prior to heating, a thin layer is applied under the tape to suppress carbon diffusion from the substrate into the tape during heating.

    USE -The process is useful for forming wear resistant sintered alloy layers on cast iron substrates.

    权利要求
    1 . A system for generating user interface elements comprising: a data analysis module arranged to identify a plurality of classes in input data, wherein each class is associated with at least one characteristic value, wherein the data analysis module is arranged to identify a first set of classes and a second set of classes in the plurality of classes; an element generation module arranged to generate a plurality of user interface elements each associated with a class in the first set; and to generate a plurality of user interface elements each associated with a class in the second set; wherein the element generation module is arranged to calculate, for each user interface element, a two-dimensional area based on the characteristic value associated with the class; a display module arranged to display the plurality of user interface elements of the first set within a moveable viewing pane and hide the second set of user interface elements; and a receiver module arranged to receive an instruction to move the viewing pane relative to the user interface elements and, in response, cause the display module to display at least one user interface element of the second set.
    2 . The system of claim 1 wherein the display module is arranged to hide at least one user interface element of the first set, in response to receiving the instruction to move the viewing pane relative to the user interface elements.
    3 . The system of claim 1 wherein two-dimensional areas are not calculated in respect of user interface elements for the remaining classes in the input data, wherein the remaining classes are not in the first or second set of classes.
    4 . The system of claim 1 wherein the data analysis module is arranged to determine a pre-set threshold value for the number of classes in the first set and/or the second set.
    5 . The system of claim 1 wherein the data analysis module is arranged to identify the second set of classes by predicting which classes a user is likely to wish to view after the classes of the first set.
    6 . The system of claim 1 wherein the display module is arranged to display a map indicative of the position of the viewing pane relative to a plurality of dummy elements.
    7 . The system of claim 6 wherein two-dimensional areas for each dummy element elements are not calculated based on a characteristic value associated with a class.
    8 . The system of claim 7 wherein an arbitrary two-dimensional area is selected for each of the dummy elements.
    9 . The system of claim 1 wherein the instruction to move the viewing pane comprises a direction, and the display module is arranged to display at least one user interface element of the second set adjacent to an edge portion of the viewing pane corresponding with the direction of the instruction, in response to receiving the instruction to move the viewing pane.
    10 . The system of claim 1 wherein the instruction to move the viewing pane comprises a direction, and the display module is arranged to hide at least one user interface element of the first set at an edge portion of the viewing pane corresponding with an opposite direction to the direction of the instruction, in response to receiving the instruction to move the viewing pane.
    11 . A computer implemented method of generating user interface elements comprising: identifying a plurality of classes in input data, wherein each class is associated with at least one characteristic value; identifying a first set of classes and a second set of classes in the plurality of classes; generating a plurality of user interface elements each associated with a class in the first set; generating a plurality of user interface elements each associated with a class in the second set: calculating, for each user interface element, a two-dimensional area based on the characteristic value associated with the class; displaying the plurality of user interface elements of the first set within a moveable viewing pane and hiding the second set of user interface elements; receiving an instruction to move the viewing pane relative to the user interface elements and, in response, displaying at least one user interface element of the second set.
    12 . The method of claim 11 further comprising: in response to receiving the instruction to move the viewing pane relative to the user interface elements, hiding at least one user interface element of the first set.
    13 . The method of claim 11 wherein two-dimensional areas are not calculated in respect of user interface elements for the remaining classes in the input data, wherein the remaining classes are not in the first or second set of classes.
    14 . The method of 11 determining a pre-set threshold value for the number of classes in the first set and/or the second set.
    15 . The method of claim 11 wherein identifying the second set of classes comprises: predicting which classes a user is likely to wish to view after the classes of the first set.
    16 . The method of claim 11 further comprising: displaying a map indicative of the position of the viewing pane relative to a plurality of dummy elements.
    17 . The method of claim 16 wherein two-dimensional areas for each dummy element elements are not calculated based on a characteristic value associated with a class.
    18 . The method of claim 17 wherein an arbitrary two-dimensional area is selected for each of the dummy elements.
    19 . The computer program comprising code portions which when run a computer cause the computer to carry out the method of claim 11 .
    20 . The computer-readable data carrier having stored thereon the computer program of claim 19 .
    说明书
    [0001]高温热流光刻制造方法和提供其工艺裕度的方法
    [0002]技术领域
    [0003]本发明涉及一种光刻制造工艺,且特别是有关于一种高温热流光刻制造工艺。
    [0004]背景技术
    [0005]半导体的制造工艺一般区分为四个模组(Module),包括扩散(Diffusion)、蚀刻(Etching)、薄膜(ThinFilm)与照相(Photo),其中的照相模组即是负责光刻制造工艺,主要的工作即是将光掩模(Mask)上的图案转移至晶片上,以提供蚀刻模组良好的蚀刻图案,或者提供薄膜模组良好的掺杂(Implant)图案,因此,光刻制造工艺的好与坏,直接控制着半导体制造工艺的优与劣。
    [0006]随着集成电路的积集度越来越高,位线、字线甚至掺杂区以及电容器的线距宽(pitch)越来越小,因此必须提高曝光机的解析度以转移较精细的图案,然而,提高曝光机的解析度,就会损失聚焦深度。反之,为得到良好的图案转移效果,提高聚焦深度,则使得解析度降低。除了上述利用提高曝光机解析度以转移光掩模上的精细图案的方法外,现今还有利用光致抗蚀剂的热流现象,以缩小在光致抗蚀剂上的曝光图案的线宽。
    [0007]此以光致抗蚀剂的热流现象,缩小光致抗蚀剂的曝光图案线宽的方法,包括在进行曝光制造工艺,以将光掩模上得元件图案转移至光致抗蚀剂上之后,先进行一烘烤制造工艺与显影制造工艺,之后再进行一热流制造工艺,以提高加热板的温度至光致抗蚀剂的玻璃转换温度(glasstransferingtemperature,Tg)以上,以使光致抗蚀剂在高温之下产生流动,进而缩小于光致抗蚀剂上所形成的图案线宽。
    [0008]然而,由于光致抗蚀剂热流具有较高的温度敏感性,因此很小的温度变化,就会造成图案极大的关键尺寸的变化,所以其制造工艺裕度很狭小(约为摄氏1度至2度),然而,一般加热板的温度误差值约为摄氏0.4度至0.5度之间,因此若要达到每一片晶片的光致抗蚀剂热流制造工艺产生均匀的线宽则必须在有限的制造工艺裕度下,精确地控制每一加热板的温度,因此提高了制造工艺的困难度与成本以及降低良率。
    [0009]发明内容
    [0010]因此本发明的主要目的,就是在于提供一种高温热流光刻制造工艺,以改进制造工艺裕度,降低制造成本。
    [0011]为实现上述目的,本发明提供一种高温热流光刻制造方法,其包括:首先提供一高温热流光致抗蚀剂,之后于高温热流光致抗蚀剂中加入一交联试剂,以形成一高温热流交联光致抗蚀剂,其中该交联试剂包括具有羟基苯甲酸结构的一聚合物。接着,提供一基底,且其上形成有一绝缘层。继之,于绝缘层上,形成一高温热流交联光致抗蚀剂层。续之,依序进行一曝光制造工艺、一显影制造工艺以及一热流制造工艺。
    [0012]由于高温热流交联光致抗蚀剂中包含有具有交联官能团的聚合物,因此在温度升高光致抗蚀剂开始产生热流作用的同时,具有交联官能团的聚合物也因为高温产生交联作用,因此提高了光致抗蚀剂的玻璃转换温度,进而加大热流制造工艺的制造工艺裕度。
    [0013]此外,由于在热流制造工艺中,交联聚合物产生交联作用,因此不但提高了光致抗蚀剂的玻璃转换温度,还连带使得经由高温制造工艺之后的光致抗蚀剂具有较佳的抗蚀刻能力,因此可以在后续蚀刻下层绝缘层时,提高绝缘层与光致抗蚀剂层的蚀刻选择比。
    [0014]本发明还提供一种提高高温热流光刻制造工艺的制造工艺裕度的方法,其包括:提供一基底,该基底上形成有一绝缘层;在该绝缘层上,形成一光致抗蚀剂层,其中该光致抗蚀剂层中含有具多个交联官能团的一聚合物,其中该聚合物包括具有羟基苯甲酸结构的一聚合物;进行一软烤制造工艺;进行一曝光制造工艺;进行一硬烤制造工艺;进行一显影制造工艺;以及进行一高温制造工艺,以使该光致抗蚀剂产生热流以及使该聚合物产生交联作用。
    [0015]附图说明
    [0016]为使本发明的上述和其他目的、特征、和优点能更明显易懂,下文特举一优选实施例,并配合附图作详细说明。附图中:
    [0017]图1A至图1C为根据本发明一优选实施例的一种热流光刻制造工艺的流程剖面图;以及
    [0018]图2所绘示为热流光致抗蚀剂以及具有交联聚合物的热流光致抗蚀剂的曝光图案关键尺寸与加热板温度的关系图。
    [0019]其中,各图标号与构件名称的关系如下:
    [0020]100:基底
    [0021]102:绝缘层
    [0022]104:光致抗蚀剂
    [0023]104a:未曝光区
    [0024]104b、104c:曝光区
    [0025]106:光掩模
    [0026]106a:光掩模图案
    [0027]108:曝光制造工艺
    [0028]110、110a:开口
    [0029]具体实施方式
    [0030]图1A至图1C为根据本发明一优选实施例的一种热流光刻制造工艺的流程剖面图。
    [0031]请参照图1A,首先提供一基底100,此基底100中形成有多个半导体元件(未绘示),在基底100上形成一绝缘层102,此绝缘层102可以是经由化学气相沉积法所形成的氧化硅层或是氮化硅层。
    [0032]接着,在绝缘层102上形成一光致抗蚀剂104,此光致抗蚀剂104可以是含有多个交联官能团(cross-linkingfunctionalgroup)的一聚合物,而交联官能团例如是羧基,而形成此光致抗蚀剂的方法包括在一高温热流光致抗蚀剂中加入一具有羟基苯甲酸结构的聚合物以形成高温热流交联光致抗蚀剂,此高温热流交联光致抗蚀剂中所含的交联试剂约为2%至5%之间。
    [0033]续之,以一具有光掩模图案106a的光掩模106,进行一曝光制造工艺108,以将光掩模图案106a转移至光致抗蚀剂104,并在光致抗蚀剂104中形成未曝光区104a与曝光区104b。其中,在进行曝光制造工艺之前,还包括进行一软烤制造工艺。
    [0034]请参照图1B,之后,进行一硬烤制造工艺。接着进行一显影制造工艺,以移除未曝光区104a,在光致抗蚀剂104中形成开口110,并裸露出绝缘层102。
    [0035]请参照图1C,接着,进行一高温制造工艺也就是热流制造工艺,以使曝光区104b扩大成为曝光区104c,而开口110则缩小为开口110a,其中此高温制造工艺例如以加热板进行且其操作的温度约为摄氏150度至160度。由于光致抗蚀剂104中包含有具有交联官能团的聚合物,因此在温度升高光致抗蚀剂开始产生热流作用的同时,具有交联官能团的聚合物也因为高温产生交联作用,因此提高了光致抗蚀剂的玻璃转换温度,进而加大热流制造工艺的制造工艺裕度。
    [0036]请参照图2,所绘示为热流光致抗蚀剂以及具有交联聚合物的热流光致抗蚀剂的曝光图案关键尺寸与加热板温度的关系图。其中,很明显地由图2可以得知,不论图案为疏图案或是密图案(也就是图案开口与开口之间的空间比,dutyratio,当dutyratio越小则为密图案,dutyratio越大则为疏图案),单纯的热流光致抗蚀剂(TF)对于温度的变化具有极大的敏感性,当温度升高摄氏5度时,图案的关键尺寸变化量约为16nm。反观本发明所提出的掺有交联聚合物的热流光致抗蚀剂(CLTF),其受温度变化而产生的流动变化并不剧烈,因此可以提供热流制造工艺较大的制造工艺裕度。
    [0037]此外,由于在热流制造工艺中,交联聚合物产生交联作用,因此不但提高了光致抗蚀剂的玻璃转换温度,还连带使得经由高温制造工艺之后的光致抗蚀剂具有较佳的抗蚀刻能力,因此可以在后续蚀刻下层绝缘层时,提高绝缘层与光致抗蚀剂层的蚀刻选择比。
    [0038]虽然本发明已结合一优选实施例揭露如上,然而其并非用以限定本发明,本领域的技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,可作出各种更动与润饰,因此本发明的保护范围应当由后附的权利要求所界定。
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