1 . A low profile flexible coupling for pneumatic systems to provide transfer of a gas between first and second conduits, the flexible coupling comprising: an annular inner member defining a spherically shaped convex seal receiving surface extending from a first end to a second end and interrupted by a radially inward extending seal ring assembly groove that extends circumferentially around the inner member; an annular outer member assembled over the inner member, the outer member defining a spherically shaped first concave seal receiving surface conforming to the convex seal receiving surface; and a locking member assembled over the inner member, the locking member defining a spherically shaped second concave seal receiving surface, the second concave seal receiving surface conforming to the convex seal receiving surface and the outer member being positioned over the locking member.
2 . The flexible coupling of claim 1 , wherein the flexible coupling is configured for low temperature and low pressure operation and wherein the first concave seal receiving surface of the outer member is interrupted by a first radially outward extending seal ring assembly groove that extends circumferentially around the outer member.
3 . The flexible coupling of claim 1 , wherein the flexible coupling is configured for low temperature and low pressure operation and the second concave seal receiving surface of the locking ring being interrupted by a second radially outward extending seal ring assembly groove that extends circumferentially around the locking member
4 . The flexible coupling of claim 1 , wherein the flexible coupling is configured for high temperature and high pressure operation and the convex seal receiving surface of the annular inner member being interrupted by a second radially inward extending seal ring assembly groove that extends circumferentially around the inner member.
5 . The flexible coupling of claim 1 , further comprising a profile ratio of a coupling radial thickness to a conduit diameter, the profile ratio being of a magnitude sufficient to accommodate installation of the flexible coupling within a tight installation window, wherein the coupling radial thickness is defined as the radial thickness of the outer member and the conduit diameter is defined as the diameter of the first and/or second conduits.
6 . The flexible coupling of claim 5 , wherein the profile ratio is less than approximately 0.17.
7 . The flexible coupling of claim 5 , wherein the profile ratio is between approximately 0.13 and 0.14.
8 . A low profile flexible coupling for low temperature and low pressure pneumatic systems to provide transfer of a gas between first and second conduits, the flexible coupling comprising: an annular inner member defining a spherically shaped convex seal receiving surface extending from a first end to a second end and interrupted by a radially inward extending seal ring assembly groove that extends circumferentially around the inner member; an annular outer member assembled over the inner member, the outer member defining a spherically shaped first concave seal receiving surface conforming to the convex seal receiving surface and interrupted by a first radially outward extending seal ring assembly groove that extends circumferentially around the outer member; and a locking member assembled over the inner member, the locking member defining a spherically shaped second concave seal receiving surface, the second concave seal receiving surface conforming to the convex seal receiving surface and the second concave seal receiving surface being interrupted by a second radially outward extending seal ring assembly groove that extends circumferentially around the locking member, the outer member being positioned over the locking member.
9 . The low profile flexible coupling of claim 8 , further comprising a retainer ring installed into a radially outward extending retainer ring groove formed in the outer member.
10 . The low profile flexible coupling of claim 8 , wherein the locking member comprises an abutment surface formed on an edge of the locking member, the abutment surface abuts against the first end of the convex seal receiving surface at a maximum angulation angle; and the first concave surface seal receiving surface, the second concave surface seal receiving surface, and the convex seal receiving surface each surround a centerline and the convex seal receiving surface is movable relative to the first concave seal receiving surface and the second concave surface about a common center point C.
11 . The flexible coupling of claim 8 , further comprising at least one of: (a) a first seal ring assembly disposed in the radially inward extending seal ring assembly groove, (b) a second seal ring assembly disposed in the first radially outward extending seal ring assembly groove, and (c) a third seal ring assembly disposed in the second radially outward extending seal ring assembly groove.
12 . The flexible coupling of claim 11 , wherein at least one of the first seal ring assembly, the second seal ring assembly and the third seal ring assembly comprises at least one seal member and at least one seal energizer.
13 . The flexible coupling of claim 12 , wherein the seal energizer comprises a canted biasing member.
14 . The flexible coupling of claim 11 , wherein the third seal ring assembly comprises a C-shaped seal ring, the C-shaped seal ring being disposed in the second radially outward extending seal ring assembly groove and the seal energizer is disposed in a seal cavity formed in the C-shaped seal ring.
15 . The flexible coupling of claim 8 , wherein a first seal ring assembly is disposed in the radially inward extending seal ring assembly groove, the first seal ring assembly comprises a convex spherical crown having at least two seal energizers, the convex spherical crown conforming to the spherically shaped first concave seal receiving surface and the spherically second concave seal receiving surface, the seal energizers generating a biasing force acting outwards away from the radially inward extending seal ring assembly groove.
16 . The flexible coupling of claim 11 , wherein the second seal ring assembly is a generally L-shaped seal ring and comprises at least one seal energizer that generates a biasing force acting simultaneously inwardly toward the inner member and axially against an outer shoulder of the outer member.
17 . The flexible coupling of claim 8 , wherein the locking member is an annular locking nut.
18 . The flexible coupling of claim 8 , wherein a first thread on the outer member engages a complementary second thread on the locking member to secure the locking member to the outer member.
19 . The flexible coupling of claim 8 , further comprising an annular leakage seal mounted axially between the locking member and the outer member.
20 . The flexible coupling of claim 8 , further comprising a profile ratio of a coupling radial thickness R 1 to a conduit diameter D C the profile ratio being of a magnitude sufficient to accommodate installation of the flexible coupling within a tight installation window, wherein the coupling radial thickness R 1 is defined as the radial thickness of the outer member and the conduit diameter D C is defined as the diameter of the first and/or second conduits.
21 . The flexible coupling of claim 20 , wherein the profile ratio is less than approximately 0.17.
22 . The flexible coupling of claim 20 , wherein the profile ratio is between approximately 0.13 and 0.14.
23 . A low profile flexible coupling for high temperature and high pressure pneumatic systems to provide transfer of a gas between first and second conduits, the flexible coupling comprising: an annular inner member defining a spherically shaped convex seal receiving surface extending from a first end to a second end, the inner member being interrupted by a first radially inward extending seal ring assembly groove that extends circumferentially around the inner member and a second radially inward extending seal ring assembly groove that extends circumferentially around the inner member and extends radially inward from the convex seal receiving surface; an annular outer member assembled over the inner member, the outer member defining a spherically shaped first concave sealing surface conforming to the convex seal receiving surface; and a locking member assembled over the inner member, the locking member defining a spherically shaped second concave sealing surface, the second concave sealing surface conforming to the convex seal receiving surface and the outer member being positioned over the locking member.
24 . The low profile flexible coupling of claim 23 , further comprising a retainer ring installed into a radially inward opening retainer ring groove formed in the outer member.
25 . The low profile flexible coupling of claim 23 , wherein the locking member comprises an abutment surface formed on an edge of the locking member, the abutment surface abuts against the first end of the convex seal receiving surface at a maximum angulation angle; and the first concave sealing surface, the second concave sealing surface, and the convex seal receiving surface each surround a centerline and the convex seal receiving surface is movable relative to the first concave sealing surface and the second concave sealing surface about a common center point C.
26 . The flexible coupling of claim 23 , further comprising at least one of: (a) a first seal ring assembly disposed in the first radially inward extending seal ring assembly groove and (b) a second seal ring assembly disposed in the second radially inward extending seal ring assembly groove.
27 . The flexible coupling of claim 26 , wherein the first seal ring assembly comprises: a first primary annular seal segment, a second primary annular seal segment and a third primary annular seal segment, the second primary seal segment being positioned between and axially abutting the first primary seal segment and the third primary seal segment; a first secondary annular seal segment and a second secondary annular seal segment axially abutting the first secondary annular seal segment at a first abutment interface, the first secondary annular seal segment and the second annular seal segment being disposed radially inward of the first primary annular seal segment, the second primary annular seal segment and the third primary annular seal segment, the first abutment interface being positioned along an inside surface of the second primary seal segment; and a first biasing ring and a second biasing ring located axially adjacent to one another; the first biasing ring being positioned radially inward of the first secondary annular seal segment; the first biasing ring being configured to urge the first secondary seal segment, the first primary annular seal segment and the second primary annular seal segment radially outward against and in sealing engagement with the second concave sealing surface of the locking member; and the second biasing ring being configured to urge the second secondary seal segment, the second primary annular seal segment and the third primary annular seal segment radially outward against and in sealing engagement with the second concave sealing surface of the locking member.
28 . The flexible coupling of claim 27 , wherein at least one of: (a) the first primary annular seal segment, the second primary annular seal segment and the third primary annular seal segment cooperate with one another to form a first convex spherical crown conforming in shape to the second concave sealing surface of the locking member; and (b) the fourth primary annular seal segment and the fifth primary annular seal segment cooperate with one another to form a second convex spherical crown conforming in shape to the first concave seal receiving surface of the outer member.
29 . The flexible coupling of claim 27 , wherein the first secondary annular seal segment extends axially across the first primary annular seal segment and a portion of the second primary annular seal segment.
30 . The flexible coupling of claim 27 , wherein the second secondary annular seal segment extends axially across the third primary annular seal segment and a portion of the second primary annular seal segment.
31 . The flexible coupling of claim 26 , wherein the second seal ring assembly comprises: a fourth primary annular seal segment and a fifth primary annular seal segment axially abutting each other; a third secondary annular seal segment disposed radially inward of the fourth primary annular seal segment and the fifth primary annular seal segment; and a third biasing ring positioned radially inward of the third secondary annular seal segment; the third biasing ring being configured to urge the third secondary seal segment, the fourth primary annular seal segment and the fifth primary annular seal segment radially outward against and in sealing engagement with the spherically shaped first concave sealing surface of the outer member.
32 . The flexible coupling of claim 31 , wherein the third secondary seal segment extends axially across the fourth primary annular seal segment and the fifth primary annular seal segment.
33 . The flexible coupling of claim 23 , wherein the locking member is an annular locking nut.
34 . The flexible coupling of claim 23 , wherein a first thread on the outer member engages a complementary second thread on the locking member to secure the locking member to the outer member.
35 . The flexible coupling of claim 23 , further comprising an annular leakage seal 61 mounted axially between the locking member and the outer member.
36 . The flexible coupling of claim 23 , further comprising a profile ratio of a coupling radial thickness R 1 to a conduit diameter D C , the profile ratio being of a magnitude sufficient to accommodate installation of the flexible coupling within a tight installation window, wherein the coupling radial thickness R 1 is defined as the radial thickness of the outer member and the conduit diameter D C is defined as the diameter of the first and/or second conduits.
37 . The flexible coupling of claim 36 , wherein the profile ratio is less than approximately 0.17.
38 . The flexible coupling of claim 36 , wherein the profile ratio is between approximately 0.13 and 0.14.
39 . A tool for assembling a flexible coupling, the tool comprising: a housing comprising a first interior surface and at least one first anti-rotation feature; a thrust transfer assembly spaced apart from the housing; a connector extending between the housing and the thrust transfer assembly; a thrust transfer assembly in variable engagement with the connector and the thrust transfer assembly, for compressing the inner member into the outer member; and a torque application assembly having at least one first torque transfer feature for transmitting torque to the locking member.
40 . The tool of claim 39 , wherein: the housing comprises a first interior surface and the least one first anti-rotation feature being in communication with the first interior surface, the first interior surface extending axially from a first end to a second end, a first opening being located at the first end; the connector comprises a threaded rod having threads extending continuously from an anchor end to a free end of the threaded rod, the anchor end of the threaded rod being secured relative to the housing, the threaded rod extending out of the housing through the first opening, the threads having a major diameter; the thrust transfer assembly having a first bearing plate and a second bearing plate, a thrust bearing positioned between and in rolling engagement with the first bearing plate and the second bearing plate, the first bearing plate having a first outside diameter and a first bore extending therethrough, the first bore having a first inside diameter, the second bearing plate having a second outside diameter and a second bore extending therethrough, the second bore having a second inside diameter, the thrust bearing having a third outside diameter and a third bore extending therethrough, the third bore having a third inside diameter, the first inside diameter, the second inside diameter and the third inside diameter being greater than the major diameter of the threads, the threaded rod extending through the first bore, the second bore and the third bore such that the thrust transfer assembly is axially movable relative to the threaded rod; a nut threaded onto the threaded rod from the free end of the threaded rod, the nut having an exterior width that is greater than the first inside diameter, an axial face of the nut being configured to engage a mating axial face of the first bearing plate; and the torque application assembly comprising an annular ring having a second interior surface extending axially therethrough and facing the first interior surface of the housing, the second interior surface having a minimum inside diameter that is greater than the first outside diameter, the second outside diameter and the third outside diameter, such that the annular ring fits axially over the thrust transfer assembly, the at least one first torque transfer feature being in communication with the second interior surface.
41 . The tool of claim 40 , further comprising at least one fastener extending from the base plate for securing the base plate to a tool cart.
42 . The tool of claim 40 , further comprising a second opening being located at the second end of the housing such that the base plate is accessible through the second opening and the threaded rod is secured to the base plate.
43 . The tool of claim 39 , wherein the first interior surface is arcuate shaped.
44 . The tool of claim 39 , wherein the at least one first anti-rotation feature comprise a key.
45 . The tool of claim 39 , wherein the second interior surface is arcuate shaped.
46 . The tool of claim 39 , wherein the at least one first torque transfer feature comprises a pin.
47 . The tool of claim 39 , wherein the annular ring of the torque application assembly comprises a leverage multiplying feature.
48 . The tool of claim 39 , wherein the thrust bearing comprises a plurality of rolling elements.
49 . A method of assembling a flexible coupling, the method comprising: providing a tool according to claim 39 ; providing an unassembled a flexible coupling comprising: an annular inner member defining a spherically shaped convex seal receiving surface and the inner member having a first axial facing receiving area; an annular outer member, the outer member defining a spherically shaped first concave seal receiving surface conforming to the convex seal receiving surface, the outer member having at least one second anti-rotation feature thereon, the outer member having a second axial facing receiving area, an inwardly facing axial shoulder and female threads; a locking member, the locking member defining a spherically shaped second concave seal receiving surface, the second concave sealing surface conforming to convex seal receiving surface, an axially outward facing end of the locking member having at least one second torque transfer feature thereon and male threads thereon; and an annular leakage seal; securing the threaded rod relative to the housing; positioning the outer member in the housing with the second axial facing receiving area being flush with the second end of the housing, the threaded rod extending through the outer member and the at least one first anti-rotation feature engaging the at least one second anti-rotation feature thereon; positioning the annular leakage seal on the shoulder of the outer member with the threaded rod extending through the annular leakage seal; positioning a portion of the inner member in the outer member with the first axial facing receiving area of the inner member extending out of the outer member and the threaded rod extending through the inner member; positioning the locking member in the outer member with the male threads set axially apart from the female threads and the threaded rod extending therethrough; sliding the thrust transfer assembly over the threaded rod; seating an axial face of the second bearing plate in the first axial facing receiving area of the inner member; threading the nut onto the threaded rod such that the axial face of the nut engages the mating axial face of the first thrust plate; torquing the nut until the inner member is seated in the outer member; sliding the torque application assembly over the threaded rod; engaging the at least one first torque transfer feature of the torque application assembly with the at least one second torque transfer feature of the locking member; torquing the torque application assembly to threadingly engage male threads with female threads until the annular leakage seal is compressed to a predetermined magnitude and so that the locking ring is recessed into the outer member.
50 . The method of claim 49 , further comprising: providing a retaining ring having an inboard axial face and an outboard axial face; providing a radially inward opening retaining ring groove in the inner surface of the outer member; and installing the retaining ring in the retaining ring groove such that the inboard axial face of the retaining ring is flush with the axial retaining surface of the locking ring.
51 . A low profile flexible coupling for pneumatic systems to provide transfer of a gas between first and second conduits, the flexible coupling comprising: an annular inner member defining a spherically shaped convex seal receiving surface extending from a first end to a second end and interrupted by a radially inward extending seal ring assembly groove that extends circumferentially around the inner member; an annular outer member assembled over the inner member, the outer member defining a spherically shaped first concave seal receiving surface conforming to the convex seal receiving surface; and a locking member, preferably an annular locking nut, assembled over the inner member, the locking member defining a spherically shaped second concave seal receiving surface, the second concave seal receiving surface conforming to the convex seal receiving surface and the outer member being positioned over the locking member.
52 . A method of assembling a flexible coupling, the method comprising: providing the assembly tool according to claim 51 ; providing an unassembled flexible coupling; seating the annular outer member in the housing; engaging the second bearing plate with the annular inner member; compressing the annular inner member into the outer member by torquing the nut on the threaded rod with the nut bearing on the first bearing plate; engaging the torque application assembly with locking member; and torquing the locking member into the outer member.
