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    专

    采用三角形定位原理的汽车最小转弯直径测量方法

    177809295U
    发明人
    贵新成, 牛善田, 周敏, 葛纪桃, 郝士祥, 石昊, 王志文, 丁豪坚, 李立治
    受让人
    PLA NO 63969 TROOPS (PLAS-Non-standard)
    申请人
    Palantir Technologies Inc.
    申请号
    625340
    申请日
    2011-12-14
    公开(公告)号
    177809295U
    公开(公告)日
    2017-05-09
    IPC分类号
    B23B029/034H02J050/10H02J007/02
    CPC分类号
    -
    优先权号
    080572
    080572P
    152572
    152572P
    271074
    502559
    2728636
    703382
    042193
    198287
    267285
    205485
    优先权日
    2008-07-13
    2008-07-13
    2009-02-12
    2009-02-12
    2009-07-13
    2009-07-13
    2010-12-16
    2011-02-13
    2011-03-06
    2011-08-03
    2011-10-05
    2013-04-11
    摘要

    The prop (1) has a hollow square column (2) whose termination is fixed to a concrete block (4) through an opening (41). A termination notch (31) is formed by cutting the lower portions of two opposite T-shaped boards (3). The two T-shape boards (3) are symmetrically set outside the hollow square column.

    ADVANTAGE -Improves prop intensity and durability against wind pressure, and provides superb external appearance.

    权利要求
    1 . A battery device with pressure relief valve, comprising: a battery module including a plurality of battery groups which include a plurality of batteries interconnected in parallel; a holder, the plurality of the batteries being fastened to the holder; a shell surrounding the battery module; a first cover mounted to one end of the shell, the first cover having a fastening hole penetrating through the first cover, the fastening hole being communicated with an inside of the shell and an outside; a pressure relief valve fastened in the fastening hole, several portions of a middle of a bottom surface of the pressure relief valve being recessed inward to form a plurality of indentations, the plurality of the indentations being intersected with one another to form a dehiscent point located at a junction among the plurality of the indentations; and a second cover mounted to the other end of the shell.
    2 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the plurality of the indentations are extended outward from the dehiscent point at intervals, and an angle between each two adjacent indentations is equal to an angle between any two adjacent indentations.
    3 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the pressure relief valve has a base area and a thin area, the base area surrounds the thin area, several portions of a middle of a bottom surface of the thin area are recessed inward to form the plurality of the indentations, the plurality of the indentations located to the thin area are intersected to form the dehiscent point located at the junction among the plurality of the indentations and located at the middle of the bottom surface of the thin area.
    4 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the thin area is thinner than the base area.
    5 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 3 , wherein when an air pressure of an inside of the battery module exceeds a threshold value, the dehiscent point of the thin area generates an crevice, and the thin area is split outward along the plurality of the indentations to release gaseous substances generated by the plurality of the batteries.
    6 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the plurality of the indentations are shown as a cross shape.
    7 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the plurality of the indentations are shown as elongated shapes.
    8 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first cover is mounted on a top end of the shell, a middle of the first cover has the fastening hole vertically penetrating through a top and a bottom of the first cover, the second cover is mounted to a bottom end of the shell.
    9 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the second cover is hollow, an inside of the second cover has an accommodating space penetrating through a top of the second cover, a middle of a bottom of the second cover defines a locating hole communicated with the accommodating space, the accommodating space is equipped with a power connector, the power connector is exposed out of the locating hole.
    10 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 8 , wherein a middle of a bottom wall of the accommodating space protrudes upward to form a ring-shaped supporting bracket projecting into the accommodating space, the supporting bracket surrounds a top of the locating hole, an outer periphery of the supporting bracket is equipped with a plurality of ring-shaped propping elements, the power connector is supported by the supporting bracket and the plurality of the propping elements.
    11 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a top of the first cover is connected with a handle, two opposite sides of a bottom surface of the handle extend downward to form two first connecting portions, two opposite sides of a top of an outer surface of the first cover define two second connecting portions corresponding to the two first connecting portions, the fastening hole is located between the two first connecting portions, so the pressure relief valve fastened in the fastening hole is located between the two first connecting portions.
    12 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the two first connecting portions are spaced from each other to form an interval between the two first connecting portions, a middle of a top of the handle defines an opening, the opening is located above the fastening hole and the pressure relief valve.
    13 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the fastening hole is arranged at a middle of a lower portion of the interval, so the pressure relief valve fastened in the fastening hole is arranged at the middle of the lower portion of the interval.
    14 . A battery device with pressure relief valve, comprising: a battery module including a plurality of batteries interconnected in series; a holder, the plurality of the batteries being fastened to the holder; a shell surrounding the battery module; a first cover mounted to one end of the shell, the first cover having a fastening hole penetrating through the first cover, the fastening hole being communicated with an inside of the shell and an outside; a pressure relief valve fastened in the fastening hole, several portions of a middle of a bottom surface of the pressure relief valve being recessed inward to form a plurality of indentations, the plurality of the indentations being intersected with one another to form a dehiscent point located at a junction among the plurality of the indentations; and a second cover mounted to the other end of the shell.
    15 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 14 , wherein when an air pressure of an inside of the battery module exceeds a threshold value, the dehiscent point generates an crevice, and the plurality of the indentations are split.
    16 . A battery device with pressure relief valve, comprising: a battery module having a plurality of batteries interconnected in series or in parallel; a holder, the plurality of the batteries being fastened to the holder; a shell surrounding the battery module; a first cover mounted to one end of the shell, the first cover having a fastening hole penetrating through the first cover, the fastening hole being communicated with an inside of the shell and an outside; a pressure relief valve fastened in the fastening hole by an injection molding technology, the pressure relief valve having a base area and a thin area, the base area surrounding the thin area, several portions of a middle of a bottom surface of the thin area being recessed inward to form a plurality of indentations, the thin area being molded to the base area, the plurality of the indentations being intersected with one another to form a dehiscent point located at a junction among the plurality of the indentations; and a second cover mounted to the other end of the shell.
    17 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 16 , wherein when an air pressure of an inside of the battery module exceeds a threshold value, the dehiscent point generates an crevice, and the plurality of the indentations are split.
    18 . The battery device with pressure relief valve as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the pressure relief valve is a design of the thin area being embedded and molded to the base area which is a plastic body after the thin area which is a small slice is individually molded by the injection molding technology.
    说明书
    [0001]技术领域
    [0002]本发明涉及灌注桩施工设备技术领域,具体是一种伸缩钻杆及用于该伸缩钻杆的清洗装置。
    [0003]背景技术
    [0004]建筑工程桩基处理有两大形式:挤压桩(又分为打入桩和压入桩)和灌注桩(又称开挖桩)。挤压桩多见的是锤击法,这种工艺噪音大,在城市施工因扰民受到限制,压入法如遇坚硬地质条件也不能采用。灌注桩噪音小适应性强,得到广泛应用,但竖井开挖难度大,过去一直是人工开挖,尤其是在施工空间有限的地方,比如:隧道内,地铁站地下空间内等,这些地方不能使用高大机械,只能人工加简单机械开挖。人工开挖事故频发,且遇到竖井出水后开挖难度更大,人工开挖正面临被淘汰和禁止。
    [0005]近几年才推广的一款竖井挖掘机,可以在隧道内低矮空间进行作业,其技术关键是配置了可伸缩钻杆,钻杆随着开挖深度自动向下延伸。目前各大城市都在兴建地铁,地铁站的修建正由露天明挖式转向地下隧道式施工,正需要大量这样的设备。但这种设备并不成熟,尤其是伸缩钻杆,其工作寿命只有150米左右,30米深的竖井最多只能完成4-5个,施工成本高且严重影响工期,钻杆的问题亟待解决。
    [0006]经过对现场的考察,结合图示(见附图1和2)根据钻杆的故障现象分析其原因:伸缩钻杆有若干节筒体1组成(图1中为6节),筒体1为正方形,筒体下方有外挡圈2,下方有内挡圈3,其作用是防止脱节。筒体1四角有内滑轨10和外滑轨9(见附图2),其作用是导向,保证同心度和减少摩擦力,同时也是承受扭矩压力最大的地方。
    [0007]工作时靠筒体1自重由托底的提升钢丝绳5下行自动下降,下降的顺序是⑥⑤④③②,内筒先下,提升的顺序是⑥⑤④③②,内筒先升。
    [0008]伸缩钻杆频发的故障为卡杆和砸杆,80%以上的钻杆损坏都是这种故障造成的,其现象是在钻杆下降过程中,例如第⑥节、第⑤节下降顺利,第④节卡在第③节筒体内,第③节开始下降,操作人员并不能发现,在下降或工作过程中由于钻杆振动第④节筒体突然下滑,将第④节上方外挡圈和第③节下方内挡圈砸坏,甚至脱节,造成施工中断。
    [0009]造成卡杆的原因分析为以下两种:
    [0010]一是工作一段时间后方形筒体变形所致,矩形管的抗扭转强度本来就不高。
    [0011]二是钻深达到一定深度后井内出水,一部分甚至大部分钻杆浸泡在泥水或泥浆中,泥浆进入筒体外滑轨与内滑轨间隙,经反复挤压干化形成越来越厚坚固难容的泥垢,阻碍了筒体的顺利滑行,上部不进水的筒体几乎没有卡杆现象。因此分析得知第二种原因是造成卡杆的主要原因。
    [0012]如果每天下班时能将伸缩钻杆筒体的内外壁彻底冲洗一次,泥垢并不能形成,卡杆现象也不会发生,但是伸缩钻杆的这种伸缩方式特别是提升顺序并不方便冲洗,因为在提升过程中,当最下面一节筒体提出水面时,例如第⑥⑤④已经钻进第③节筒体内,无法冲洗。
    [0013]发明内容
    [0014]本发明的目的在于提供一种伸缩钻杆,旨在解决现有技术中的伸缩钻杆的方形筒体容易变形,方形筒体的抗扭转强度不高的问题;本发明的目的还在于提供一种用于该伸缩钻杆的清洗装置,旨在解决现有技术中的伸缩钻杆的提升顺序为由下至下而造成的难以对下部的筒体进行冲洗的问题。
    [0015]为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:所述伸缩钻杆包括:
    [0016]依次套接的至少两节圆柱形筒体;
    [0017]沿着筒体的轴向方向开设在筒体外表面的键槽;
    [0018]固定连接在键槽顶端的上挡块;
    [0019]固定连接在筒体的内壁下侧且可对应的卡入到相邻的另一筒体的键槽内的下挡块。
    [0020]位于最下侧的所述筒体上固定连接有可由提升钢丝绳驱动升降的托底钢板。
    [0021]位于最下侧的所述筒体上固定连接有用于驱动钻头的液压马达。
    [0022]所述上挡块和下挡块与筒体的壁体采用圆柱销内外点焊方式连接。
    [0023]所述下挡块的底部与筒体的底部连接处焊接。
    [0024]一种用于上述的伸缩钻杆的清洗装置,包括:
    [0025]对位于上侧的筒体的内壁和/或外壁喷水的喷水机构;
    [0026]位于最下侧的筒体受到向上的提升力时,可使第二节筒体及其下方的各筒体自上而下依次收缩进相邻的筒体内的自锁机构。
    [0027]所述自锁机构包括固定连接在每节筒体下端的圆环法兰、安装在圆环法兰上且可阻碍下侧的筒体上移的弹簧锁、安装在圆环法兰上且当相邻的两个筒体收缩后用于挂接下侧的筒体上的圆环法兰以阻碍收缩后的筒体下移的挂钩以及固定连接在圆环法兰上且当相邻的两个筒体收缩后与下侧的筒体上的弹簧锁接触以打开弹簧锁的开锁器。
    [0028]所述弹簧锁包括固定连接在圆环法兰上的锁体、活动穿过锁体一端的导向杆、与导向杆的一端固定连接且跟随导向杆移动时可进入或者脱离出筒体内部的锁舌、用于连接锁舌和锁体的压簧以及与导向杆的另一端固定连接的拉环,所述开锁器呈上宽下窄的三角形状以使相邻的两个筒体收缩时,开锁器插入到位于下侧的筒体上的拉环内后使拉环朝向远离筒体的方向移动。
    [0029]所述喷水机构包括设置在位于上侧的筒体内的内部喷头、设置在位于上侧的筒体外的环形喷水管、水泵以及用于接通内部喷头、环形喷水管和水泵的三通管,位于上侧的筒体上开设有检修孔。
    [0030]所述内部喷头和环形喷水管均设置在从上至下的第二节筒体的上半部。
    [0031]本发明的有益效果是:
    [0032]1、本发明中的伸缩钻杆靠带有下挡块的圆形筒壁抗扭,由于现有的矩形管的抗扭转强度本来就不高,因此工作一段时间后方形筒体容易辨析,而带有下挡块的圆形筒壁的抗扭转强度明显高于矩形管的抗扭转强度,有效防止筒体的变形;
    [0033]2、本发明中的清洗装置利用每节筒体下端配置的自锁机构实现了筒体的自下而上提升,并配备了用于内外壁的喷水机构,从而实现了在提升过程中对筒体内外壁的不间断彻底清洗,同时在键槽内上下移动的下挡块对泥垢也有清理作用;
    [0034]3、本发明可保证伸缩钻杆筒体内外壁不积存泥垢,避免了卡杆、砸杆事故的发生,大大延长伸缩钻杆的使用寿命,降低施工成本,提高工效,保证工期。
    [0035]附图说明
    [0036]图1是现有的方形筒体式伸缩钻杆的主视图。
    [0037]图2是图1的俯视图。
    [0038]图3是伸缩钻杆的具体实施例的主视图。
    [0039]图4是图3中筒体的局部剖视图。
    [0040]图5是图4中沿A-A线的剖视图。
    [0041]图6是用于伸缩钻杆的清洗装置的主视图。
    [0042]图7是图6中相邻的筒体的连接部分的局部主视图。
    [0043]图8是图7的俯视图。
    [0044]具体实施方式
    [0045]下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的说明。
    [0046]一种伸缩钻杆,如图3-5所示,包括依次套接的至少两节圆柱形筒体11、沿着筒体11的轴向方向开设在筒体11外表面的键槽12、固定连接在键槽12顶端的上挡块13、固定连接在筒体11的内壁下侧且可对应的卡入到相邻的另一筒体11的键槽12内的下挡块14。
    [0047]如图3所示,本具体实施例中圆柱形筒体11设置有六节,当然,具体节数可根据实际施工需要来进行选用。筒体11上的键槽12可龙门刨铣床加工,上挡块13和下挡块14与筒体11的壁体采用圆柱销内外点焊磨平的工艺方法连接,这样做的目的是防止焊接量大导致变形或存在内应力使筒体11在工作过程中产生变形。但在下挡块4的底部和筒体1底部连接处可以焊接,以加强其连接强度。
    [0048]伸缩钻杆和方形筒体式伸缩钻杆工作原理相同,具体的,位于最下侧的所述筒体11上固定连接有可由提升钢丝绳16驱动升降的托底钢板15,位于最下侧的所述筒体11上固定连接有用于驱动钻头19的液压马达18。不同的是方形筒体式伸缩钻杆靠矩形筒壁抗扭,伸缩钻杆靠带有下挡块14的圆形筒壁(近同于花键轴)抗扭。由于矩形管的抗扭转强度本来就不高,因此工作一段时间后方形筒体容易辨析,而带有下挡块14的圆形筒壁(近同于花键轴)的抗扭转强度明显高于矩形管的抗扭转强度,有效防止筒体11的变形。
    [0049]圆柱形筒体11在工作中是这样的:内侧筒体11在外侧筒体11内部上下移动时,外侧筒体11的下挡块14在内侧筒体11的键槽12内滑动,当筒体11下降到尽头时,内侧筒体11的上挡块13与外侧筒体11的内部下端的下挡块14接触,内侧筒体11下降被阻挡,本节伸缩杆延伸完毕。
    [0050]如图5所示,下挡块14、键槽12和上挡块13沿着筒体11的圆周方向均匀设置有六个,当然,下挡块14、键槽12和上挡块13的数量可根据实际需求选择。
    [0051]一种用于上述的伸缩钻杆的清洗装置,包括对位于上侧的筒体11的内壁和/或外壁喷水的喷水机构、位于最下侧的筒体11受到向上的提升力时,可使筒体11自上而下依次收缩进相邻的筒体11内的自锁机构。
    [0052]在现有技术中,伸缩钻杆钻深达到一定深度后井内出水,一部分甚至大部分钻杆浸泡在泥水或泥浆中,泥浆进入到现有的筒体外滑轨与内滑轨间隙,经反复挤压干化形成越来越厚坚固难容的泥垢,阻碍了筒体的顺利滑行,上部不进水的筒体几乎没有卡杆现象。因此分析得知此原因是造成卡杆的主要原因。
    [0053]在本发明中,通过设置的喷水机构可以对位于上侧的筒体11的内壁和/或外壁进行喷水,如图6所示,由于内部喷头26和环形喷水管22的设置可以对筒体11的内壁和外壁同时进行喷水。但是现有的伸缩钻杆的提升顺序如图1所示,是依次按照⑥⑤④③②的顺序由下至上提升的,内筒先升,如果每天下班时能将钻杆的筒体内外壁彻底冲洗一次,泥垢并不能形成,卡杆现象也不会发生,但是现有的伸缩钻杆的这种伸缩方式,特别是提升顺序并不方便冲洗,因为在提升过程中,当最下面一节筒体提出水面时,例如第⑥⑤④已经钻进第③节筒体内,无法冲洗。如果能改变提升顺序,即自上而下按②③④⑤⑥顺序提升,则下面所有筒体的内外壁都要经过内部喷头26和环形喷水管22的冲洗,伸缩钻杆的每个部位都将受到冲刷清洗。为达到这一目的,本申请人设计上述的自锁机构。
    [0054]具体的,所述自锁机构包括固定连接在筒体11下端的圆环法兰32、安装在圆环法兰32上且可阻碍下侧的筒体11上移的弹簧锁31、安装在圆环法兰32上且当相邻的两个筒体11收缩后用于挂接下侧的筒体11上的圆环法兰32以阻碍收缩后的筒体11下移的挂钩34以及固定连接在圆环法兰32上且当相邻的两个筒体11收缩后与下侧的筒体11上的弹簧锁31接触以打开弹簧锁31的开锁器33。所述弹簧锁31包括固定连接在圆环法兰32上的锁体311、活动穿过锁体311一端的导向杆312、与导向杆312的一端固定连接且跟随导向杆312移动时可进入或者脱离出筒体11内部的锁舌313、用于连接锁舌313和锁体311的压簧314以及与导向杆312的另一端固定连接的拉环315,所述开锁器33呈上宽下窄的三角形状以使相邻的两个筒体11收缩时,开锁器33插入到位于下侧的筒体11上的拉环315内后使拉环315朝向远离筒体11的方向移动。
    [0055]如图7所示,在每节筒体11的下端都安装有圆环法兰32,其作用一是加固筒体11下端的受力部分,增强抗变形强度,其作用二是用于安装弹簧锁31,弹簧锁31与圆环法兰32可采用螺栓紧固连接,便于更换和维修。如图8所示,每节筒体11的圆环法兰32上均安装三台弹簧锁31。与三只弹簧锁31间隔还安装有三只挂钩34,用于锁住升顶的下一节筒体11上的圆环法兰32,防止其下滑。
    [0056]如图7所示,筒体11在下降到下限位时筒体11外壁的上挡块13与筒体11内壁的下挡块14接触,下降被阻止。此时位于下侧的内部筒体11的上端面低于位于上侧的外部筒体11的锁舌313,锁舌313失去内部筒体11的阻挡从而弹入到位于上侧的外部筒体11的内部。三个弹入的锁舌313形成了下一节筒体11上升的阻挡。
    [0057]如图7所示,图中显示为相互套接的三节筒体11,为了方便描述,现将三节筒体11从上至下依次标记为筒体11a、筒体11b、筒体11c。当伸缩钻杆提升时,是自下而上提升,具体过程为:位于下侧的筒体11c的上端面由于被三只伸出的锁舌313阻挡,被迫托举筒体11b先升起,假如筒体11a是最上面的一节,它的下面无需自锁机构,因此筒体11b不受阻挡可以升起。当筒体11b升至上限时,安装在筒体11a的圆环法兰3上的三只挂钩34将挂住筒体11b的圆环法兰3,同时其下端的弹簧锁31中的拉环315被安装在筒体11a的圆环法兰3上的上宽下窄的三角形状(可为一侧面为斜面的楔形)的开锁器33插入提前打开,此时筒体11c开始上升……,以此类推,下节筒体11的圆环法兰3被上节筒体11的挂钩34挂住不能下滑,下节筒体11的弹簧锁31被上一节筒体11上的开锁器33打开得以提升,从而实现了②③④⑤⑥……的提升顺序,为自动清洗创造了条件。
    [0058]具体的,如图6所示,所述喷水机构包括设置在位于上侧的筒体11内的内部喷头26、设置在位于上侧的筒体11外的环形喷水管22、水泵24以及用于接通内部喷头26、环形喷水管22和水泵24的三通管25,位于上侧的筒体11上开设有检修孔23。
    [0059]水泵24将自来水等注入到三通管25内,而后自来水等又进入到内部喷头26内并喷出,从而使自来水等对筒体11的内壁进行冲洗,自来水等也进入到环形喷水管22内并喷出,从而使自来水等对筒体11的外表面进行冲洗。
    [0060]可选的,水泵24采用中压水泵,其水压为3-4Mpa。内部喷头26和环形喷水管22均设置在从上至下的第二节筒体11的上半部。
    [0061]当然,喷水机构中的内部喷头26和环形喷水管22也可以分别通过不同的输送水管路与不同的水泵接通,同样能够实现上述的技术效果。
    [0062]在本发明的描述中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
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