This study investigates trade-in channel selection in a closed-loop supply chain under a hybrid carbon policy framework that integrates cap-and-trade and carbon taxation. Game-theoretic models are developed for three manufacturer-led channels: manufacturer trade-in (M-CX), retailer trade-in (R-CX), and third-party trade-in (T-CX). The analysis examines pricing strategies, profitability, and carbon emission reductions across these channels. The key findings are as follows: (1) Carbon tax consistently compresses manufacturer profits, whereas cap-and-trade mechanisms exhibit a non-linear U-shaped effect. Manufacturer profits remain highest under the M-CX channel, irrespective of policy intensity. (2) Retail prices are most sensitive to carbon policies under the T-CX channel, where trade-in rebates increase with carbon intensity. The R-CX channel sustains higher retail prices and rebates than M-CX, while T-CX surpasses both under conditions of high carbon intensity. (3) Carbon emission reductions decline sharply under M-CX and R-CX as policy stringency increases. In contrast, the T-CX channel establishes a buffering mechanism through rising rebates, exhibiting the slowest rate of decline. At low carbon intensity, T-CX yields the lowest reduction levels; however, under high intensity, it overtakes the other channels to achieve the highest reduction. This study offers insights for manufacturers' channel selection and government policy coordination under hybrid carbon regulation regimes.

Safe and efficient building evacuation for heterogeneous populations, particularly individuals with disabilities, remains a critical challenge in emergency management. This study proposes a hybrid evacuation framework that integrates Floor Field Cellular Automaton (FFCA) with reinforcement learning, specifically a Deep Q-Network (DQN), to enhance adaptive decision-making in dynamic and complex environments. The model incorporates velocity heterogeneity, friction-based conflict resolution, and real-time path planning to capture diverse mobility capabilities and interactions among evacuees. Simulation experiments were conducted under varying population densities, walking speeds, and exit configurations, considering four types of occupant groups: able-bodied individuals, wheelchair users, and people with visual or hearing impairments. The results demonstrate that the DQN-enhanced model consistently outperforms the conventional SFF + DFF approach, achieving significant reductions in evacuation time, particularly under high-density and reduced-speed scenarios. Notably, the DQN dynamically adapts evacuation paths to mitigate congestion, thereby improving both system efficiency and the safety of vulnerable groups. These findings highlight the potential of combining CA-based environmental modeling with reinforcement learning to develop adaptive and inclusive evacuation strategies. The proposed framework provides practical insights for designing evacuation protocols and intelligent navigation systems in public buildings. Future work will extend the proposed FFCA + DQN framework to more complex and realistic environments, including multi-exit and multi-level buildings, and further integrate multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) architectures to enable decentralized adaptation among heterogeneous evacuees. Furthermore, lightweight DQN variants and distributed training schemes will be explored to enhance computational scalability, while empirical data from evacuation drills and real-world case studies will be used for model calibration and validation, thereby improving predictive accuracy and generalizability.

低碳背景下,许多企业通过再制造和研发碳减排专利等方式减少碳排放量,与上下游企业的股权合作将影响企业的生产决策和碳减排资金投入,考虑股权合作的逆向供应链减排决策及协调问题值得关注.通过构建模型,对比不同权力结构下消费者低碳偏好和股权合作对企业减排决策及利润的影响,并提出两种不同协调方法.研究发现,不同权力结构下随着消费者低碳偏好逐渐显著,废旧产品回收率、产品零售价格和市场需求均随之走高,进行适当的股权合作能够提升供应链效益和促进碳减排,也可以扩大供应链销售空间.K-S协调契约能够实现供应链协调,制造商对零售商适当比例投资会提升供应链碳减排效果和总利润,股权合作也能够促进供应链的协调.

In this paper,we constructed the model of a reverse supply chain with the OEM as the leader and the third-party recycler responsible for the remanufacturing activities,and analyzed,respectively under the decentralized and centralized decision-making,the influence of carbon tax,scale effect of the remanufacturer and carbon emission reduction patent on the optimal decision-making of the members on the reverse supply chain using the Stackelberg game theory,and had a numerical simulation study via MATLAB.The result showed that:under both decentralized and centralized decision-making,carbon tax and scale effect of the remanufacturer could promote supply chain carbon emission reduction;under decentralized decision-making,carbon tax could only reduce the price of carbon emission reduction patent and increase remanufacturer output,but not reach the optimal carbon emission reduction effect;and under centralized decision-making,when the consumer prefers the remanufactured products over the carbon emission rate of the remanufacturing process,the supply chain members would jointly develop and use carbon emission reduction patents,and the supply chain output would increase and tilt toward selling remanufactured products,thus increasing profits while enhancing the carbon emission reduction effect.Therefore,through proper contract design,we could distribute the supply chain profits reasonably,so that the total supply chain profits could be increased,the carbon emission reduction effect improved,and overall supply chain coordination achieved.

在装配式建筑预制构件需求不确定的环境下,考虑预制构件孔洞预留等个性化需求问题衍生出的无库存情况,利用风险传导系数、Stackelberg博弈等对装配式建筑的预制构件供应链风险传导机制展开研究.研究发现:从预制构件供应链下游至上游,各主体在需求风险传导过程中起风险逐级放大的作用,且总承包商由于利润多元化往往受风险冲击较小;预制构件生产成本的减少、利润分配系数的升高、价格敏感系数的降低等情况对于需求风险波动有较明显的抑制作用;当利润分配比率属于[0.50,0.75]时,需求风险下的定价策略才能得以实现.

制造业服务化与制造业升级存在相互促进的作用机制,文章在厘清广州高端制造业发展进程和特点的基础上,分析产业服务化对制造业升级的影响机理,随后利用广州市 2019-2021 年制造业上市企业数据进行实证分析,结果表明产业服务化对传统制造业升级具有正向影响,服务要素投入对不同制造业升级的影响存在显著差异.

The prefabricated construction supply chain always faces great risks,and whether the supply chain can recover in time when dealing with risks depends on the level of resilience. This study identifies 18 important factors that will affect resilience through literature research and expert interviews,constructs the DEMATEL-ISM integrated model and uses Matlab tools for mathematical calculations to explore the degree of importance and the size of influence of each factor on the resilience of the prefabricated construction supply chain. At the same time,this study divides the factors into a hierarchy to identify the interactions between the factors. According to the results of the model,some factors are pointed out: improving the degree of information sharing can effectively compensate for the negative impact of bad weather;when making resilience improvement decisions,the focus should be on procurement,transportation and assembly;improving the communication between design,manufacturing and transportation can effectively enhance supply chain resilience;focusing on employee factors can positively promote the improvement of supply chain resilience. The results of the study provide new management ideas for the practical operation and efficiency improvement of the prefabricated construction supply chain.

随着环境问题日益严峻,各国开始广泛聚焦环境问题,倡导低碳经济.文章在碳限额与交易规制下,基于由单个制造商和单个零售商构成的二级供应链,构建集中决策、制造商理性偏好分散决策以及制造商损失厌恶分散决策三种博弈模型,探究制造商损失厌恶倾向对产品减排率、定价以及成员利润的影响,并针对利润损失,设计协调契约.最后通过数值仿真,检验主要命题.结果表明:①制造商损失厌恶倾向不利于供应链减排,且对零售商利润的损害显著高于对自身利润的损害.②损失厌恶水平较低的制造商倾向于提高批发价格,而损失厌恶水平较高则相反.③针对制造商损失厌恶倾向造成的利润损失,实施减排成本共担契约,并合理配置成本分担比例,可以实现供应链成员利润的帕累托改进.

了解碳交易价格对双渠道供应链决策的影响有助于企业在线上线下销售渠道并存的情况下提升科学经营管理能力.本文在考虑消费者低碳偏好的基础上,建立碳限额交易机制下集中决策和分散决策两种情形的双渠道供应链博弈模型,比较研究两种情形下碳交易价格对双渠道供应链定价决策的影响.研究发现:两种决策下的供应链利润、产品销售价格、供应链销量和单位碳减排量均随碳交易价格变化;设计基于减碳成本共担的收益共享契约,实现供应链成员利润的帕累托改进,最后通过算例验证以上研究结论的合理性.

直播电商助力农产品销售成为脱贫攻坚的新引擎,政府出台一系列直播电商扶持政策,搭建完善的电子商务服务体系.文章围绕农户与直播商户的二级供应链,建立不同政府补贴方式的分散决策和集中决策模型,设计"收益共享+直播努力成本共担"契约机制,通过数值仿真与敏感度分析,验证模型的可靠性,分析不同定价决策对利润的影响.研究表明:集中决策下直播电商农产品供应链总利润、农产品销量、直播销售努力程度均大于分散决策;政府可以通过补贴计划来激励直播商户销售农产品,农户和直播商户的利润、直播销售努力程度、销量得到显著提升.直播助农要发挥政府、农户、直播商户等多方主体的共同作用,相互合作,推动供应链协同发展.

流量经济时代,供应链联盟企业相互合作开展农产品直播销售,实现了农产品销售额的迅速增长.针对直播经济活动中的农产品供应链收益分配问题,在传统的Shapley值法的基础上,引入风险分担、创新投入、资源投入、努力程度、政府补贴五个修正因子,通过AHP层次分析法和模糊综合评价法建立改进后的利润分配模型.最后,结合案例对模型进行对比分析.结果表明:改进后的收益分配方案综合考虑风险分担、创新能力、政府补贴等因素的影响,实现供应链公平合理的收益分配,促进农产品直播业务的相互协调与发展.

在社交电商快速发展的背景下,本文构建了制造商、零售商、社交电商平台三级供应链定价及协调模型,研究在分散和集中情形下社交电商平台销售努力对供应链定价决策的影响.研究表明:集中决策下社交电商供应链总利润、商品销量、社交电商平台最优努力程度均大于分散决策;分散决策下,商品销量、制造商与零售商利润均随平台努力程度变化;社交电商平台利润、供应链总利润随平台努力程度呈先增后减的趋势;集中决策下商品销售价格、商品销量都随社交电商平台努力程度变化,供应链总利润随平台销售努力程度呈先增后减的趋势.基于研究结论,本文提出社交电商平台应增强与零售商合作,规范化开展营销服务,发挥协同共治的合力,推动行业规范有序健康发展.

高效选择优质PC构件供应商是传统建筑模式向装配式建筑供应链模式转型中的重要一环.基于装配式建筑的特点、PC构件的特性,建立装配式建筑PC构件供应商选择评价指标体系并通过AHP确定各指标权重;通过前景理论将决策者的有限理性和心理因素考虑在内对TOPSIS评价法改进,构建供应商选择评价模型;通过算例分析验证模型的可行性,希望为装配式建筑PC构件供应商的选择提供科学的决策方法.

With the construction of industrial coordinated development system in CBD, strengthening the construction of information infrastructure, providing international standards of public services, new modes of modern logistics industry and new formats of data fusion, the upgrading of logistics wisdom empowerment is imperative. In this paper, Beijing CBD core area logistics management pattern research, field visits Beijing CBD core area logistics management status and meet the problem to be solved at present, research on logistics and distribution mode, explore innovative logistics management mode, put forward suitable for CBD core area of logistics infrastructure and management countermeasures and suggestions, We will further stimulate the vitality and potential of Beijing CBD, and provide strong support for the development of a worldclass central business district and better meet people's needs for a better life.

基于BIM-RFID技术的装配式建筑供应链信息共享平台,运用Stakelberg两阶段博弈模型讨论集中和分散两种定价决策对供应链利润的影响.设计合作博弈利润激励协同定价机制,并通过数值仿真比较不同定价策略和信息共享程度下供应链的利润差异,期望为装配式建筑供应链利益相关者之间的利润协调问题提供新的解决思路.

京津冀区域协同发展的战略正在稳步推进,物流业在区域经济发展中是不可或缺的重要一环,通过对京津冀区域物流网络结构的研究,可以对京津冀区域物流协同发展的状态做出判断.以京津冀区域13个地级市为研究对象,首先根据改进后的引力模型计算出城市间的物流引力值,然后基于社会网络分析视角提出一种量化分析体系,选取密度、关联度、中心度、限制度等指标对网络结构进行分析.结果表明:京津冀区域物流网络密集性强度较高,但物流发展水平不均衡;区域内缺乏桥梁城市,物流网络无明显层次结构;网络呈现显著的核心边缘结构,核心城市与边缘城市及边缘城市内部联系强度较弱.

为使商家将新媒体运营平台与O2O团购模式结合,制定更优化的营销策略以获得更大效益,建立基于Hotelling模型的消费者在O2O双渠道模式下,通过新媒体渠道和线下渠道购买的效用模型,求得新媒体运营O2O团购信息普及度和团购商品优惠程度对于双渠道需求量及总收益的影响.研究表明:O2O团购优惠程度越大线上渠道需求量越大;随着新媒体运营团购信息普及度的增大,线上渠道需求量和总收益也会大幅度增大;同时,当O2O团购商品富有价格弹性时,该商品通过新媒体运营平台可以达到“薄利多销”营销效果,增大商家线上线下双渠道总收益.

目的 提高电商物流配送中心订单的分拣效率和动态响应能力.方法 通过分析零售电商订单的多品种、小批量和高时效等特征,考虑分拣机器人动作与载重约束,提出了滚动时窗调度策略和高维稀疏动态聚类算法,并以某大型电商企业配送中心建立仿真实验模型,进行数据对比分析.结果 以某大型电商某日高峰时段500个订单进行仿真实验,与固定组批分拣策略进行对比,优化后的分拣策略在机器人平均搬运距离上减少了66.9％,分拣时间降低了23.9％.结论 高维稀疏动态聚类策略有效提高了分拣效率,降低了分拣成本,算法方式更加开放灵活,对于电商企业物流业务降本增效具有重要意义.

大数据时代,企业拥有并利用大数据的能力成为获取未来竞争优势的关键.然而目前大数据技术在建筑行业的应用尚未有完整的解决方案,聚焦建筑企业供应商选择问题,提出了一种将大数据应用于供应商评价与选择的新思路.首先构建了基于大数据的供应商选择指标体系,并提出了基于建筑大数据平台的数据获取模式,然后通过算例分析构建了基于BP神经网络的供应商选择模型,训练结果表明该模型能够适用于供应商的评价和选择.同时模型可以积累历史选择过程中的专家经验,无需重复计算便可得到新加入供应商的综合评价值,与已有供应商的综合评价值进行排序,即可得到最优供应商.

城镇化进程的推进使居民生活质量得到很大提高,同时也暴露了很多问题.智慧城市的理念符合人们和政府对未来城市的设想,智慧城市的建设可以很好的解决目前面对的城市病的各种问题.大数据、云计算等新一代信息技术的发展为智慧城市的建设提供了机遇和条件.本文论述了目前智慧城市建设的研究现状,重点论述了大数据背景下智慧城市的建设问题,并给出了大数据背景下智慧城市建设的建议.希望为未来城市的建设发展和城镇化进程的进一步推进提供科学的理论依据和决策依据.