Heterogeneous elements doping in carbon materials has been an effective strategy to promote their chemical properties. In this work, fluorine atoms with strong electronegativity are doped on the surfaces of bamboo- shaped carbon nanotubes (FBCNTs) which serve as carriers for MgH2 2 nanoparticles (MgH2@FBCNTs) 2 @FBCNTs) to improve the reversible hydrogen storage properties. Detailed experiments indicate that MgH2@FBCNTs 2 @FBCNTs begin to release hydrogen at 197.8 degrees C, and can release 5.36 wt% H2 2 at 275 degrees C within 30 min, and quickly absorb 3.48 wt % H2 2 at 100 degrees C under hydrogen pressure of 80 bar. In addition, cycling performance is significantly enhanced in the case of fluorinated Mg-based system. The mechanism of fluorine catalysis is mainly ascribed to the formation of C-F bonds, accelerating the dissociation or combination of hydrogen atoms, offering more active sites for the de/hydrogenation and preventing the growth and agglomeration during cycling. It is also important that fraction of F is consumed and form new phases MgF2/MgF2-xHx, 2 /MgF 2-x H x , which offers another pathway for H atoms.

The fracture toughness and oxidation resistance are crucial factors affecting the practical applications of highentropy diboride ceramics (HEBs). In this study, silicon carbide whiskers (SiC w ) were introduced as a reinforcement for HEBs for the first time. To achieve a uniform dispersion of SiC w within the HEB powders, a combination of simultaneous ultrasonic dispersion, mechanical agitation, and freeze-drying technology was employed. Consequently, a series of composites, (Hf 0.2 Zr 0.2 Ta 0.2 V 0.2 Nb 0.2 )B 2 -nSiC w ( n = 0 - 20 vol%), were densified by spark plasma sintering. The effect of SiC w on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the HEBs were studied, as well as the toughening mechanism involved. The results revealed that the introduction of SiC w led to grain -size refinement in (Hf 0.2 Zr 0.2 Ta 0.2 V 0.2 Nb 0.2 )B 2 , along with significant improvements in relative density, hardness, fracture toughness, and oxidation resistance. The relative density, hardness and fracturetoughness of (Hf 0.2 Zr 0.2 Ta 0.2 V 0.2 Nb 0.2 )B 2 -SiC w composites exhibited an initial increase followed by a decrease with increasing SiC w content. Specifically, the (Hf 0.2 Zr 0.2 Ta 0.2 V 0.2 Nb 0.2 )B 2 - 15 vol% SiC w composite simultaneously obtained the highest hardness of 25.6 GPa and fracture -toughness of 4.8 MPa & sdot; m 1/2 , representing a 26% improvement compared to (Hf 0.2 Zr 0.2 Ta 0.2 V 0.2 Nb 0.2 )B 2 ceramics.

从高等教育发展趋势出发,分析当前"四新"人才培养存在的矛盾与问题,研究矛盾与问题的破解办法.在充分发挥实践与双创功能基础上,构建了基于实践与双创助力的KAVPIM(简称KAPIV)育人理论体系,并结合研究性、创新性KAPIV项目进行了富有成效的实践.

The presented study evaluated the effect of cosubstitution of larger and smaller divalent cations on the thermally induced crystallization of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). The predesigned combinations of larger (Sr2+ and Ba2+) and smaller (Mg2+, Cu2+, and Co2+) divalent cations were carried out and their effects on the thermodynamic equilibrium between α/β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) were outlined. The coexistence of larger and smaller divalent cations shielded the formation of α-TCP and shifted the thermodynamic equilibrium toward the β-TCP, which implied that the smaller cations dominated the crystalline phase. However, the retarded crystallization induced by the larger cations still remained and allowed ACP to maintain its amorphous nature partly or completely until a higher temperature.

In this study, a series of Zn1+xGa2_2xSnxO4:1 %Cr3+, a %Yb3+, b %Er3+ (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1; a = 0.5, b = 0.1; a = 1, b = 0.1; a = 2.5, b = 0.5; a = 5, b = 0.5; a = 5, b = 1; a = 10, b =1) (ZGSO:Cr, Yb, Er) upconverted persistent luminescence (UCPL) materials were obtained by combining the processes of up-conversion luminescence and persistent luminescence via solid-state sintering. The up-converted and persistent luminescence properties of the prepared materials, as well as the "Yb3+ -+ Er3+ -+ Cr3+" energy transfer mode, were analyzed under 980 nm near-infrared light. The remarkable afterglow luminescence was excited by 274 nm ultraviolet light. Furthermore, the effects of different element ratios and preparation temperatures on the structure and luminescent properties of the materials were studied. It was determined that the most suitable preparation condition for Zn3Ga2SnO8:1 %Cr3+, 5 %Yb3+, 0.5 %Er3+ was a temperature of 1450 degrees C maintained for 2 h. This study describes the possibility of ZGSO:Cr, Yb, Er using for imaging, sensing, and other complex applications in biological therapy. (c) 2023 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

A sol-gel method was employed for the synthesis of new High-entropy boride (HEB) powders, (Hf0.2Nb0.2Cr0.2Ta0.2Mo0.2)B2, with nanoscale. The as-synthesized powders were obtained at a relatively low temperature of 1650 degrees C, and had small average particle size of 62.09 nm. X-ray diffraction confirmed that the (Hf0.2Nb0.2Cr0.2Ta0.2Mo0.2)B2 powders were hexagonal single-phase without any oxide impurities. In particular, electrochemical performance of the (Hf0.2Nb0.2Cr0.2Ta0.2Mo0.2)B2 powders with multiphase and high-entropy single phase were investigated using a three-electrode system. The improved electrochemical performance of the HEB powders is realized, with 27% higher in specific capacitance compared to the powders with multiphase. The HEB powders electrode exhibits a high capacitance retention of 97.03% after 5000 cycles.

The relationship between the chemical elements of high-entropy boride (HEB) ceramics and their hardness is important for the prediction of high-hardness HEB ceramics. In this work, by designing four HEB ceramics with different chemical elements, the effect of lattice parameter difference factor (& delta;, represents the difference-degree in lattice parameters among the five individual constitute diborides) on phase composition and lattice-distortion, and the effect of rule of mixture (ROM) average hardness and lattice-distortion on HEB ceramics hardness were studied. The results indicated that, as & delta; value increases, more severe lattice-distortion occurs inside the HEB ceramics, and a single solid-solution is difficult to be formed. Furthermore, lattice-distortion and the ROM average hardness codetermine the HEB ceramics hardness. The greater lattice-distortion brings about significantly higher hardness for HEB ceramics than their ROM average hardness. Among the four HEBs, (Hf0.2Zr0.2Ta0.2V0.2Nb0.2)B2 exhibits the high hardness of 26 GPa measured using a load of 9.8 N.

Colloidal KLu 3 F 10 :Tb 3+ persistent luminescence NCs have been synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method, and exhibit excellent flexibility and high sensitivity for X-ray detection and imaging applications.

The dose-dependent effect of inositol on the thermally induced crystallization and phase evolution of amorphous calcium phosphate.

The growing demand for spectroscopy applications in the areas of agriculture, retail and healthcare has led to extensive research on infrared light sources. The ability of phosphors to absorb blue light from commercial LED and convert the excitation energy into long-wavelength infrared luminescence is crucial for the design of cost-effective and high-performance phosphor-converted infrared LEDs. However, the lack of ideal blue-pumped short-wave infrared (SWIR) phosphors with an emission peak longer than 900 nm greatly limits the development of SWIR LEDs using light converter technology. Here we have developed a series of SWIR-emitting materials with high luminescence efficiency and excellent thermal stability by co-doping Cr 3+ -Yb 3+ ion pairs into Lu 0.2 Sc 0.8 BO 3 host materials. Benefitting from strong light absorption of Cr 3+ in the blue waveband and very efficient Cr 3+ →Yb 3+ energy transfer, the as-synthesized Lu 0.2 Sc 0.8 BO 3 :Cr 3+ ,Yb 3+ phosphor emits intense SWIR light in the 900–1200 nm from Yb 3+ under excitation with blue light at ~460 nm. The optimized phosphor presents an internal quantum yield of 73.6% and the SWIR luminescence intensity at 100 °C can still keep 88.4% of the starting value at 25 °C. SWIR LED prototype device based on Lu 0.2 Sc 0.8 BO 3 :Cr 3+ ,Yb 3+ phosphor exhibits exceptional luminescence performance, delivering SWIR radiant power of 18.4 mW with 9.3% of blue-to-SWIR power conversion efficiency and 5.0% of electricity-to-SWIR light energy conversion efficiency at 120 mA driving current. Moreover, under the illumination of high-power SWIR LED, covert information identification and night vision lighting have been realized, demonstrating a very bright prospect for practical applications.

In this study, a series of Zn1+xGa2−2xSnxO4:1 %Cr3+, a %Yb3+, b %Er3+ (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1; a = 0.5, b = 0.1; a = 1, b = 0.1; a = 2.5, b = 0.5; a = 5, b = 0.5; a = 5, b = 1; a = 10, b = 1) (ZGSO:Cr, Yb, Er) up-converted persistent luminescence (UCPL) materials were obtained by combining the processes of up-conversion luminescence and persistent luminescence via solid-state sintering. The up-converted and persistent luminescence properties of the prepared materials, as well as the "Yb3+ → Er3+ → Cr3+" energy transfer mode, were analyzed under 980 nm near-infrared light. The remarkable afterglow luminescence was excited by 274 nm ultraviolet light. Furthermore, the effects of different element ratios and preparation temperatures on the structure and luminescent properties of the materials were studied. It was determined that the most suitable preparation condition for Zn3Ga2SnO8:1 %Cr3+, 5 %Yb3+, 0.5 %Er3+ was a temperature of 1450 °C maintained for 2 h. This study describes the possibility of ZGSO:Cr, Yb, Er using for imaging, sensing, and other complex applications in biological therapy.

Herein, a novel colorless anti-counterfeiting luminous ink composite material, to the best of our knowledge, was prepared by incorporating upconverted persistent luminescent Zn3Ga2SnO8:1%Cr3+, 5%Yb3+, 0.5%Er3+ (ZGSO: Cr,Yb,Er) phosphors into a resin solution, followed by stirring. Owing to its small particle size and uniform distribution, ZGSO: Cr, Yb, Er exhibits long-lasting, persistent near-infrared emission at 696 nm following the stoppage of excitation by a 274 nm ultraviolet light and a 980 nm excitation. ZGSO: Cr, Yb, Er composites were prepared and exhibited characteristic peaks corresponding to upconversion and an afterglow curve following excitation at 980 nm. With various special luminescent modes, sharp emission peaks, and emission intensity varying over time, the emission light of composite ink is easy to detect and not easily confused. Furthermore, the prepared composite ink can be calligraphic, visualized, and observable, and has good light-emitting performance following UV excitation. Our work provides a meaningful way to fabricate multifunctional anti-counterfeiting luminous ink composites with an intense persistent luminescence for use in anti-counterfeiting signs, inspection imaging, and other complex industrial applications.

The composition and synthesis approach of high entropy ceramics have significant influences on their micro-structures and mechanical properties. A new (Hf0.2Zr0.2Ta0.2V0.2Nb0.2)B-2 high entropy diboride ceramic with excellent mechanical properties was successfully prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at a relatively "low temperature " (1800 ?) in this work. The effects of two mixing strategies, grinding and ball milling, on the solid solubility of the calcined powders were studied. Furthermore, the effects of these two mixing strategies on the phase and morphology of the calcined powders and the mechanical properties of the SPS sintered ceramics were analyzed. Experimental results indicated that, compared with a single solid solution phase within the high entropy boride powders obtained by ball milling, incomplete solid-solution presented in the high entropy boride powders obtained using grinding treatment. It promoted the solid-state diffusion and in-situ reaction of the diborides in the ceramics during the sintering process, thereby improving the densification and the hardness of the high entropy diboride ceramics. By grinding treatment, (Hf0.2Zr0.2Ta0.2V0.2Nb0.2)B-2 high entropy ceramic with a relative density of 94% and a hardness of up to 25.34 +/- 1.5 GPa at an indentation load of 9.8 N was obtained at 1800 ?. This work not only expanded the family of high-entropy diboride ceramics but also proved the advantage of grinding treatment in preparation of high entropy diboride ceramics.

The CNTs/Mn 1-x Zn x Fe 2 O 4 (where x=0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) composites with five different CNTs concentration, 0wt%, 2wt%, 4wt%, 6wt%, 8wt%, were synthesized by coprecipitation and sintered by SPS. Temperature control effect of the composites were investigated under an alternating magnetic field. Although the temperture of pure CNTs changed little, the heat of composites was increased instead of decreased after adding suitable content of CNTs. And the composites had a spontaneous temperature control effect. With a view to understand the mechanism of temperature control in the composites, the thermoelectric properties of the sintered composites were evaluated in the temperature range of 323K~973K. The temperature control effect was found to be affected by the thermoelectric property due to the cooling caused by Peltier effect.

For the first time, Nano ZnGa2O4:Cr3+ phosphor has been synthesized through sol-gel-combustion of precursor incorporating Cr3+ into gallic acid compound matrix. After pyrolysis and combustion, upgraded material preparation method, which is simple, time saving and energy saving, namely ZnGa2O4:Cr3+, to obtain nano materials. The nano phosphor with special structure exhibits significantly enhanced persistent luminescence properties, over 2 h within the near-infrared range, and will permit bright and reliable imaging compared with that of sol-gel one. Moreover, this phosphor with persistent luminescence and photoluminescence properties, simultaneously, will have significant implications for comprehensive practical applications and multifarious biomedical investigations and systems.

The development of nanoscale thermal sensors with high sensitivity to ambient temperature change is crucial to monitor the biological processes from living forms. In this work, we report on the Nd3+-doped Bi2SiO5 nanospheres acting as nanothermometers in the first biological window. Uniform Bi2SiO5:Nd3+ nanospheres are synthesized by the diffusion and reaction between the bismuth-based precursor core and the silica shell. The assynthesized Bi2SiO5:Nd3+ nanospheres can be effectively excited by 808 nm near infrared laser diode and emit in the near infrared range due to the characteristic transitions of Nd3+. The luminescence intensity ratio of two spectrally separated emission peaks located at 867 nm (P1) and 898 nm (P2) from the F-4(3/2) -> I-4(9/2) transition of Nd3+ is found to be noticeably temperature-dependent, which can be used for luminescent ratiometric thermal sensing. The results reveal that the yielded Bi2SiO5:Nd3+ nanothermometers possess suitable values of relative sensitivity, temperature uncertainty and repeatability within the physiologically relevant temperature range. These Nd3+ -doped Bi2SiO5 nanospheres emerge as very promising temperature probes for luminescence nanothermometry.

本文在教育部新工科KAPI项目的研究与实践基础上,深入分析了低年级工科大学生培养存在的主要问题,为解决上述问题,提出并设计了微课程体系,构建了新形态课程,阐述了微课程体系和新形态课应有的属性,并成功设计实践了一批知识、能力、实践、创新、品行一体化培养(KAPI)训练项目,新形态课程在山东大学等学校进行了完整周期实践,有效实现了知识向能力的转化,产生了预期的能力叠加效应.

An NIR-emitting MgGeO3:Mn2+,Yb3+ persistent phosphor chargeable with red light has been developed. The features of red-light charging and NIR persistent luminescence make this phosphor hold great potential for biomedical imaging and optical data storage.

Core-shell Bi2SiO5 nanosystem with uniform morphology and narrow size distribution has been successfully synthesized via a facile template-assisted route. With the introduction of Eu3+, detailed studies are performed to evaluate its promise as Eu3+-based phosphor host. The yielded Bi/SiO5:Eu3+ nanospheres are proven to be pure tetragonal phase via X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement. Moreover, the phosphor particles consist of monodisperse spheres with an average diameter of approximately 285 nm by high-resolution electron microscopy. When excited by near-ultraviolet (NUV) light, the abnormally high-intensity emission at 703 nm arising from the D-5(0) -> F-7(4) transition of Eu3+ is observed. The temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra show that the optimized BbSiO(5):20%Eu3+ have satisfactory thermal stability with 63.7% of emission intensity at 423 K relative to 303 K. The deep-red light-emitting diode (LED) device fabricated by coating NUV chip with the Bi2SiO5:20%Eu3+ phosphors is demonstrated. The newly-developed Bi2SiO5:Eu(3+ )nanophosphors display commendable photoluminescence properties, demonstrating their promise as deep-red phosphor candidates for use in phosphor-converted LEDs. (C) 2021 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement