分布式风力发电接入配电网,对配电网的可靠性产生影响.采用拉丁超立方采样和改进的同步回带消减技术建立风力发电机出力多场景模型.根据配电网中负荷的重要程度,定义等值有效负荷.以等值有效负荷最大为目标建立配电网孤岛划分模型.对最小路法进行改进,计算在不同场景下负荷点在孤岛划分范围内的概率,求得负荷点的可靠性指标.在IEEE-RBTS Bus6系统上进行仿真,算例分析验证了方法的有效性.

对于分布式电源在配电网中的选址定容问题,本文以有功网损、配电网节点电压偏移总和、系统建设与运行总费用和环境成本这四个指标作为优化目标。通过加权归一化为单目标函数,建立了分布式电源选址定容的数学模型,并利用改进遗传算法对模型进行优化求解。以IEEE33节点配电网为算例,对分布式电源的安装位置与容量进行优化配置。结果分析表明,配电网的网损减少,电压水平提高,总成本降低,验证了本文的方法具有可行性和有效性。

基于日全盲紫外成像技术,结合智能变电站的应用背景对电晕的监测进行了优化,提出了KMS快速电晕跟踪算法.该算法通过对运动目标的跟踪,基于前一时刻的电晕数据将观测模型和状态模型进行比对分析后对电晕将要出现的位置进行线性逼近,预测电晕将要出现的区域并对目标区域进行重点监测捕捉,并提供预警信息,从而实现电晕的跟踪监测.实验结果表明,电晕跟踪算法在击穿前后瞬间,在电力设备出现剧烈波动时依旧可以稳定有效地对电晕进行跟踪监测,监测过程具有良好的动态响应及良好的鲁棒性,且算法简单,易于实现.

To household automotive electronic throttle and brake as the control object,to AT89S51 microcontroller as the main control chip,the relay for the implementation of components,strain gauge sensor,a reasonable solution mistook the throttle while braking scheme and produce assembly in the vast most vehicles in the "accelerator and brake device. After the physical production,in BYD series models car is equipped with the experiment.The results show that this design can be perfectly compatible with original automobile brake system,reach mistook the throttle when the brake can brake, to verify the feasibility of the system.

In this paper, the control system of tensile testing machine was composed of single chip microcomputer and PC. The design scheme of mechanical structure was introduced, and the stress concentration position of the testing machine was obtained by means of mechanism simulation and finite element analysis. The hardware circuit, software design method and program, and the method of data acquisition and conversion were described.

分别基于半车4自由度线性与非线性车辆模型,设计了主动悬架LQG控制器,并通过理论推导和数值仿真解析了刚度和阻尼系数对悬架控制的影响.线性模型理论推导表明,LQG控制主动悬架系统的Ricatti方程的解与刚度和阻尼系数无关,进而得出了该主动悬架的时域响应与刚度和阻尼系数无关的结论.线性模型数值仿真表明,由刚度和阻尼系数产生的被动力与主动控制力组成的整体控制力相互独立且不受刚度和阻尼系数的影响;主动控制力的全局阻尼特性随着其并联阻尼的增加而明显由正特性转变为负特性.针对通用的非线性车辆模型,通过控制系统线性化、线性化后控制系统LQG控制器设计及控制反线性化这3个环节完成非线性主动悬架的LQG控制设计.设计过程表明,非线性刚度和阻尼系数的力作用在控制系统线性化和控制反线性化中被抵消,使得悬架的整体控制力不受此两系数的影响,说明以上线性主动悬架的研究结论也适用于具有非线性刚度和阻尼特性的主动悬架.

微网的运行可以很好地利用分布式能源,并实现需求侧管理的效益最大化,但是分布式电源的波动性使得微网的运行风险增加,同时也需要一定的储能投资。电动汽车电池作为一种储能装置可以为微网系统运行提供辅助服务。建立了分布式发电和电动汽车经济调度的多目标优化模型,以微网系统运行成本最低、系统等效负荷波动最小以及电动汽车车主的充电成本最少为目标,求得电动汽车的充放电功率,很好地配合了系统负荷以及分布式电源的出力波动,优化了系统的运行。

On the basis of traditional vehicles'driving characteristic,this paper analyzes the impacting factors of charg?ing behaviors of different types of electric vehicles(EVs),and considers charging-discharging methods and time,battery characteristic and charging cost under three charging-discharging modes. A daily load model of large-scale EVs under each modes is built by Monte Carlo simulation. The results show that EVs'free charging power will increase the peak-valley ratio of the grid load,while orderly charging will realize'valley filling'to some extent,and charging-discharging regularly will restrain the grid load fluctuation better,mitigate the strained situation of power shortage and bring certain economic benefits to the users as well.

Abstracts:A kind of auto clothes hanger con-trolled by light ,humidity,and temperature is de-signed for drying the clothes without worrying about the bad?weather.The structure of the hanger is elab-orated which is designed by Pro/E and analysed by ANSYS and the control system of the clotheshorse which is based on PLC is introducede,andthe applica-tion theory of the raindrop sensor,light sensitive sen-sor and temperature sensor is expounded.The auto clothes hanger is suitable for the need of the intelligent home furnishing in the future.

A real-time mechanism as a level of electricity price is proposed to dispatch electric vehicle fast charging load. Considering the peak load shifting effect of grid, the benefit of charging station and the desire of customer, the mathematics model is built. And a genetic algorithm is used to solve this problem. Finally, a simulation based on an area's predicted data of year 2020 is made to show that the proposed method can lower the peak-valley difference, promise charging station benefit as well as meet customers' desire, and achieve a win-win result.

This paper describes the basic principles of dipartition of the power supply area and uses Voronoi diagram on the dipartition of the power supply area. This paper put forward a model of improved Voronoi diagram based on the basic Voronoi diagram. Depending on the existing transformer substation’s capacity and power supply area surrounding the spatial distribution of the load, we determine weights based on the main transformer capacity and the spatial distribution of the load. In the process of generating the power supply area, we adjust the weights depending on different regions ofthe spatial distribution of heavy load to generate the power supply area based on improved Voronoi diagram model. Then we adjust according to the basic principles of the power supply area and the result based on improved Voronoi diagram model to generate the final result. Compared to the traditional division based on artificial experience, it can reflect rationality of the power supply, improve the accuracy of the partition.

将Pro/E软件运用到机械设计课程群的教学改革中,以全新的教学实践模式探索在机械设计、机械原理课程教学与实践环节中的应用,以适应应用型人才培养的需要.

Large-scale of electric vehicles (EVs) for charging will affect grid operation, disordered charging will have significant impact on the grid. This paper presents ordered charging mathematical model considering the smallest charging fees for EV users, a genetic algorithm is used to get optimization solutions. Monte Carlo method is used to simulate EV charging user behavior, analysis of disordered and ordered charging simulation results are compared under different charging mode. Simulation results show that ordered charging has huge roles in reducing the cost of user charge, reducing the peak-valley difference, improving load stability and users' satisfaction. The results of example show the rationality of this model and algorithm.

电动汽车规模化应用后,其充电功率需求将会对原有的电网负荷产生很大的影响.对不同类型的电动汽车不同的充电功率,采用蒙特卡洛法抽取起始充电时间和日行驶里程来计算电动汽车的充电负荷,给出了多台汽车的充电负荷曲线.以某市夏季日负荷曲线为例,计算出不同规模电动汽车对原负荷曲线的影响.结果表明,电动汽车的自由充电特性使电网的峰荷产生了一定的增长.

With the popularity of electric vehicles, the impact of charging power on the original grid load is increasingly prominent. Electric vehicles can realize the benign interaction with power grid through the V2G technology. The mathematical model is solved with genetic algorithm in this paper based on the objective function as the minimization of daily charging cost. Constraint conditions such as maximum charge and discharge power limits and state of charge are considered. By analyzing the charge and discharge control of single car and the influence of electric vehicles’ charge and discharge on power grid, it is concluded that charge and discharge control strategy proposed in this paper can optimize the operation of the power grid and realize win-win situation of the user and the power grid with the time-of-use electricity pricing mechanism.

The fundamental structure of charge and discharge equipment of V2G is analyzed in this paper.This paper presents that the dual closed-loop control of External voltage loop and internal current loop and constant power control strategy are respectively applied to three-phase voltage source PWM converter during charging and discharging.Dual closed-loop control strategy is put into use in bidirectional DC/DC converter.The whole system of charge and discharge equipment of V2G is modeled and simulated by using the toolbox of PSCAD/EMTDC.Two-way power energy and information interaction of electric vehicle and power grid has been realized,current harmonic on grid side is decreased,power factor and power quality are improved.

Aiming at the order charging scheduling problem of the electric vehicles in the intelligent grids,a spot power pricing mechanism as a lever of regulating electricity is proposed to dispatch electric vehicle fast charging load. Considering the peak load shifting effect of grid, the benefit of charging station and the desire of customer, the mathematics model of optimization is founded. And a genetic algorithm is used to solve this problem of the model of opti-mization. Finally,a simulation based on an area's predicted data of year 2020 is made to show that the proposed method can lower the peak-valley difference,promise charging station benefit and meet customers'desires,as well as achieve a win-win result of the grid,the charging stations and the users.

The paper introduces the basic principle of medium frequency induction melting furnace,and builds up the steel mills nonlinear load of intermediate frequency furnace system simulation model.Based on the analysis of the existing harmonic treatment schemes and the harmonic characteristics produced by the system,through technical economic analysis,the paper chooses a mixture of active power filter system to solve the harmonic problem.This method is lower in cost has the advantages of compensating comprehensive power quality.The actual results prove the effectiveness of this method.

The research on wind generation and hydro generation is deeply and widely at home and abroad. Hydro generation has become the best technological way to eliminate the impact of fluctuations of wind generation. With the development of wind generation in our country, there are many researching on the hydro-wind generation coordinated operations. But researching on the influence of forecasting precision to the hydro-wind generation coordinated operation is not reported in our country. This paper makes research and discussion in this field. Firstly, the three different wind prediction models will be studied in this paper, which are persistence forecasting model, ARIMA forecasting model and improved BP neural network forecasting model. According to the specific example, improved BP network forecasting model is better than ARIMA forecasting model and ARIMA forecasting model is better than persistence forecasting model in the same situation. Secondly, building different models of the hydro-wind generation coordinated operation is based on the above three different wind forecasting models. In the model, daily load is supplied by both wind generation and hydro generation, but wind generation must be used up and then the other is supplied by hydro generation. Because wind generation cannot be stored, the target function can only choose the variables related the hydro generation when the model of the hydro-wind generation coordinated operation is established. The present study shows that the more accurate the Wind generation prediction is, the less its influences over the water assumption in hydro generation stations are. © 2011 IEEE.

Firstly, the present paper makes a brief introduction to types of the distributed power and the processing mode of PV node in the electricity grid; secondly, the forward and backward substitution method to calculate the power flow has been improved and used to analyze some examples; thirdly and most importantly, taking the multi-node distribution network which incorporates distributed generation (DG) as an example, the author analyzes the influences of DG on load flow distribution and network loss in different positions, capacities and power factors.