Power futures market is the next stage of the development of the electricity spot market. In the power futures market, we must consider how to deal with the risks brought by the emerging power financial derivatives. Based on the analysis of the principle of dynamic margin system of SPAN (Standard Portfolio Analysis of Risk) futures, we introduced SPAN system into Chinese power futures market, and simulated the parameters by VaR and risk matrix. Then, this paper selects two power futures products of ICE (INTERCONTINENTAL EXCHANGE) for example analysis of this model. The results show that, compared with the current static margin system in China, SPAN futures dynamic margin system can reduce the margin level of power futures products for a long time and reduce the occupancy rate of funds. The dynamic margin system is an important direction for the development of domestic power futures market in the future.

Since the new round of power system reform, Yunnan’s power market has achieved outstanding results, but the marketization of thermal power has not been smooth sailing, and thermal power is facing operating difficulties. On the basis of combing the survival dilemma of thermal power in Yunnan, this paper designs a series of “long-term backup compensation”, “thermal power regulation price subsidy”, “thermal power regulation power”, “and “market + regulation’ dual price bidding mechanism” according to market changes. The thermal power relief mechanism analyzes. In the Yunnan power market, the mechanism of the project design has achieved good practical results. The thermal power mechanism design in this article and the ways to get rid of thermal power can provide a reference for other provinces in China to solve thermal power relief.

This work formulates a stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) model that incorporates seasonal electricity prices and can handle a constraint on power yield, which is assumed to be satisfied at any time it is possible, thus allowing for an analysis of their impacts on the operational performances of cascaded reservoirs. The model is applied to the Lancang Cascade, specifically its two largest reservoirs, Xiaowan and Nuozhadu. The results show that increasing the power yield of the cascade will reduce energy production unfavorably but will impact water spillage favorably, with a power yield of 2000 MW and with a 91% reliability suggested as being a satisfactory operational target. The case study also suggests that using seasonal electricity prices makes the power generation very unstable during weeks 12–20, which is a period of time that is critical to transferring from dry to flooding seasons.

我国启动新一轮电力体制改革后,电力交易规模稳步增长,电力市场的复杂性和监管难度日益提升.为了检验电力市场运行效率,促进市场竞争,有必要建立完善的市场主体经营监测机制.调研了国外典型电力市场的实践经验,并结合我国当前的市场现状和不足,提出了市场主体经营监测体系的发展方向,旨在为市场规则设计提供有价值的参考,保障市场的健康、平稳发展.

由于风电具有波动性、不确定性、和可预测性差等特性,若想提高风电穿透率,则需充足的灵活可调节电源来消纳大规模风电,因此,在电源电网协调规划中需要考虑风电、灵活可调节电源和普通常规燃煤电源的合理比例.本文利用K-Means聚类方法从实际数据中抽样出典型日不同时刻的负荷和风速值,以规划期每一年数个典型日的净负荷高峰和低谷为基础,建立能够同时考虑风电、燃气发电和燃煤发电的动态电源电网协调规划数学模型.该模型的目标为在满足电网安全运行约束的前提下,对候选机组和候选线路进行最优投资以保证规划期内投资成本和运行成本总现值最小.同时利用简化的机组组合模型模拟各典型日内电力系统中各类型机组的调度运行,以阐述燃气发电机组对风电和负荷波动性的灵活调节作用.所建立的数学模型是一个混合整数线性规划模型,利用GAMS软件实现编程对模型进行求解,IEEE-30节点算例验证文中所提出模型的有效性.

高比例水电电力市场中水电是重要的市场主体,对出清结果有重要和决定性影响,梯级电站间紧密的水力时空耦合关系和水电清洁消纳政策,使得其现货出清方法较火电为主的市场复杂和困难得多.针对高比例水电市场特点,结合云南电网电力市场的真实需求,以购电费用最小为目标将梯级水电站日电量动态控制纳入系统约束,基于迭代的成交电量,建立上下游梯级的联动控制边界,将上述目标和约束自动加载到商业求解器优化框架,通过混合整数线性规划模型迭代优化求解.以云南电网122座水电站和11座火电站真实的日发电计划数据作为参考,实现了日前现货竞价出清仿真,结果表明水电现货出清计划都能满足梯级水力约束条件,且计算时间均控制在3min以内,满足了高比例水电系统日前市场出清时效性和实用性要求.

Yunnan province of China is rich in hydraulic resources and the hydropower station installed capacity accounted for 84%. Yunnan began to explore direct long-term transactions between generators and large users in 2014, however, due to the complexity of the construction of electricity spot market, it is difficult to build a mature spot market in Yunnan in a short time, therefore a day-ahead incremental trading, as a transitional product to mature spot market, is designed in 2016. Based on the characteristics of Yunnan Power System, this paper summarizes and analyzes the market structure and key market mechanism of Yunnan Power Market, including market participants, trading products, long-term reserve compensation mechanism for thermal power plants, balancing funding mechanism, flow coordination mechanism between cascade hydro-power stations. At last, the operation effect of the day-ahead trading in Yunnan province is also analyzed from several aspects, including the volatility analysis of day-ahead transaction price, correlation analysis between day-ahead transaction price and volume, customer-side default rate. Facts indict that, day-ahead trading in Yunnan significantly alleviate the problem of large prediction error of hydropower and users in annual and monthly transactions, thus reducing the custom-side default rate and promoting the optimal dispatching of hydropower.

The Xin'anjiang model and the Sacramento model are two widely used short-term watershed rainfall-runoff forecasting models, each with their own unique model structure, strengths, weaknesses and applicability. This paper introduces a weight factor to integrate the two models into a combined model, and uses the cyclic coordinate method to calibrate the weight factor and the parameters of the two models to explore the possibility of the complementarity between the two models. With application to the Yuxiakou watershed in Qingjiang River, it is verified that the cyclic coordinate method, although simple, can converge rapidly to a satisfactory calibration accuracy, mostly after two iterations. Also, the results in case studies show that the forecast accuracy of the new combined rainfall-runoff model can improve the forecast precision by 4.3% in a testing period, better in runoff process fitting than the Xin'anjiang model that performs better than the Sacramento model. HIGHLIGHT This paper introduces a weight factor to integrate the two models into a combined model, and uses the cyclic coordinate method to calibrate the weight factor.; It is verified that the cyclic coordinate method can converge fast to a satisfactory calibration accuracy.; The results show that the forecast accuracy of the new combined rainfall-runoff model can improve the forecast precision.;

Since the reform of electricity market in Yunnan province, Yunnan has continuously explored the price formation mechanism and improved the electricity market. Among them, the marketization pricing mechanism that has the widest scope and has a great influence in the whole country is the "Reference Electricity Price + Floating Mechanism". This paper discusses in detail the existing price linkage mechanism in Yunnan electricity market, compares the scope, advantages and disadvantages of different mechanisms. It shows that it can play a role in market allocation resources in a larger scope, and realize the "can rise and fall of the transaction price". The practice of Yunnan's electricity market shows that this mechanism can not only stabilize market prices, but also further expand the scale of transactions.

This paper makes an in-depth study on the European strategic reserve mechanism. This paper first introduces the concept of strategic reserve capacity mechanism and its application areas, then introduces the construction background, implementation process, market participants, dispatching rules and implementation of Belgian strategic reserve mechanism in detail, and strategic reserve capacity mechanism in in Nordic countries. Finally, the applicability of strategic reserve capacity mechanism is analyzed. The results show that the formulation of capacity demand level of strategic reserve mechanism needs rich practical experience, and the transparency of strategic reserve mechanism determines its application effect to a great extent. Compared with the electricity market with large difference between supply and demand, strategic reserve capacity mechanism is more appropriate for an electricity market with basically balanced supply and demand and significant seasonal load change, or an electricity market which belongs to a larger regional electricity market that can balance the supply and demand of each sub region through large-scale optimal allocation of resources most of the year. And its application scenarios are relatively limited.

In the energy interaction mechanism of integrated energy parks, in order to minimize the total operating cost of each integrated energy park and improve the internal power sharing level of multi integrated energy parks at the same time, based on the cooperative game theory, an interactive energy optimization cooperative game model of multi integrated energy parks including wind power, PV power, gas turbines and energy storage devices is established. The paper proposes a method of benefit sharing for integrated energy parks interactive energy optimization cooperation alliance based on the method of Shapley value, nucleolus and bargaining. Combined with the numerical simulation of the interactive energy optimization model of integrated energy parks from the perspective of cooperative game, it is verified that the proposed cooperative theory method takes into account the maximization of the benefits of each economic entity in the system and improves the power sharing level among the members of integrated energy parks.

The West-East Electricity Transfer (WEET) contract that transported electricity from Yunnan province to Guangdong province in China is a typical mid-long term contract that needs to be decomposed and physically delivered. In the future, spot market will be established, the scientific and reasonable mid-long term physical contract decomposition can not only discover the true value of transported power, but also avoid adverse effects of frequent temporary curves adjustment in the market. In this paper, by establishing a mid-long term inter-provincial contract power decomposition optimization model that utilizes the total amount of abandoned water and the proportion of abandoned water power as the optimization goal, the power curve decomposition from month to day and then from day to hour is realized, and the daily delivery is designed. The rolling optimization method of the model that is delivered day by day is established, and the complete framework protocol power decomposition delivery process is combed out. Finally, the mixed integer linear programming method is used to verify the model by taking the mid-long term physical contract power decomposition of the IEEE-39 node system including cascade hydropower as a case study. The results show that this model has a significant improvement over the traditional model in terms of abandoned water control and power decomposition accuracy.

The Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) requires renewable resources to occupy an important proportion in electricity production, but from a practical point of view, market forces have a very deep impact on the renewable energy certificate market and electricity market. In this article, therefore, understand the market power problems in RPS, puts forward the leading edge of the enterprise competition model, focusing on the analysis of different leading enterprise market power in renewable energy and electricity price changes in the price of certificate, according to the specific requirements of RPS at the same time, explicitly different leading enterprise in the empirical analysis of the impact of market power. The final results show that the price of renewable energy certificates is too low, so that the development of renewable energy investment is not sufficient for a long time. However, too high price will affect the incentive signal of investment, resulting in low efficiency allocation of power generation resources in the long term. Therefore, the regulatory authorities should put forward effective market performance monitoring content on the basis of understanding the market changes, so as to ensure the healthy and stable development of renewable energy in RPS.

In recent years, with the continuous growth of economy in South and Southeast Asia, the demand for energy and electricity is also increasing. In terms of power supply and demand, there are complementarities, among which international power trade can realize the optimal allocation of resources among countries and achieve the goal of mutual benefit and win-win results. Now parts of South Asia, southeast Asia within the scope of power trade between overall is still sporadic, and belongs to the power flow on the basis of bilateral one-way trade, electricity trade amount and scale are small, the current trade arrangements to see also is not very perfect, also can't fully meet the needs of the development of South Asia power trade further in southeast Asia. Therefore, it is necessary to study the power trade arrangement in South Asia and Southeast Asia. At the same time, closely related to trade arrangements is the issue of risk, because many risks are often caused by unreasonable trade arrangements. Due to the differences of power construction status and national level among countries in South Asia and Southeast Asia, there are many risks in carrying out power trade, such as political system, environment and economy. Therefore, this paper studies the risk management of power trade in South Asia and Southeast Asia, in order to clearly understand the risks, and take corresponding countermeasures to solve them timely and properly, so as to realize the ultimate goal of power trade in the sub-region smoothly.

In the process of achieving the goal of carbon peak, carbon neutral and building a new power system with new energy as the main body, due to the intermittent and fluctuating power generation output of new energy, the problem of handling the deviation quantity of new energy participating in the power market (especially the medium and long-term trading) is the difficulty in the design of power market mechanism, This paper constructs a complete set of handling mechanism for medium and long-term trading deviation of new energy, which effectively solves the problem of generation deviation of new energy in the market and reduces the difficulty of new energy in the power market.

在现有中长期市场的基础上,构建合理的现货市场机制,稳步推进现货市场建设,是云南电力市场改革下一步工作的重点。本文在对美国PJM市场自调度机制深入调研的基础上,结合云南电力市场发展现状和水电的竞价特点,提出了一种基于自调度的日前市场出清机制,构建相应日前市场出清模型并进行出清过程模拟。算例分析表明,该机制符合云南水电竞价的特点,有利于实现云南现有中长期电量市场向现货市场的平稳过渡。

Demand for electricity in high-energy-consuming industries is the dominant component of transaction volume in electricity market. Conversely, the price fluctuations in the electricity market have a close impact on its electricity demand. Analysis of its electricity price affordability is an important prerequisite for promoting the sustainable development of the electricity market and improving the market mechanism. Based on component analysis of industry consumers' cost and benefit, this paper modifies the parameters affecting the consumer's production cost according to the fluctuation of the electricity market transaction price and the market price of related products, then puts forward the analysis method of electricity price affordability of large industry consumers in Yunnan electricity market. Case study of the actual data in Yunnan electrolytic aluminum industry from January 2016 to June 2018 was carried out to verify the practicability of the method. The analysis of the electricity price affordability of industry consumers in the electricity market environment helps to identify reasonable appeals and excessive demands between the parties, and provides decision-making reference for market operation monitoring and mechanism improvement.

since 2015, China's power system reform has continue to deepen, and spot pilot construction work has been carried out one by one. Under the background of the new era, how to make operational decisions according to the time-varying price of the spot electricity market has become the focus of research. In order to fully exploit the potential of demand side response of users, this paper proposes a marketing strategy of interruptive load for power retailing companies, which is based on incentive-based demand side response strategy, and agrees with users that the profits of the actual dispatched part of the system is divided according to spot market prices. In order to study the interaction relationship between users and power companies, this paper adopts the Stackelberg model in evolutionary game theory to characterize. The simulation results with actual data show that the model can help the power retailing company determine the optimal incentive price and the optimal interruptible load declared by the users under the condition that both parties' interests are maximized at the same time.

As the world pays more and more attention to environmental issues, distributed generator (DG), as an economic, environmentally friendly, and flexible new power generation method has gradually been widely developed. However, the direct integration of a large number of distributed power sources into the power grid will affect the safe and stable operation of the power grid. The pilot situation of Virtual Power Plant (VPP) in foreign countries shows that distributed resources can be effectively utilized. By coordinating and optimizing distributed power, it reduces the impact of distributed power grid connection on the grid and improves the stability of grid operation. However, the coordination research among the virtual power plant, the main body of the DG and the main network still needs to be in-depth. This article mainly studies the applicability of VPP in Yunnan, China, as well as the demand for energy storage configuration, and designs a reasonable internal market operation mechanism of the virtual power plant, so as to realize the smooth operation of the virtual power plant as a whole. By analyzing the characteristics of the internal market mechanism, this article introduces the viewpoint of game theory to meet the real-time power balance of the market and the expected profit of each subject. Finally, simulation calculations are performed on the MATLAB platform for the proposed model to verify the feasibility of virtual power plant internal market operation.

The electricity market reform of China is in the transitional stage from medium and long-term market to spot market. At present, most provinces still focus on medium and long-term electricity trading. A few provinces, such as Guangdong, have begun to simulate spot market operation. At the present stage, how to link up the medium and long-term market with the spot market is a key technical problem to be solved urgently. Aiming at the decomposition and execution of medium and long-term transaction power of cascade hydropower stations, this paper proposes a model framework of transaction power decomposition under the mode of linking medium and long-term with spot market. In the first place, this paper presents two monthly trading power decomposition models according to different seasons. Then a daily generation planning method based on standard load curve is proposed to decompose the daily power. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a provincial power grid. The results show that the proposed method provides some ideas for the rational curve decomposition of transaction power.