Purpose This study aims to investigate the intersection between the Metaverse and healthcare, with a particular focus on its emerging potential to reshape medical research and clinical practice. Design/methodology/approach A comprehensive scientometric and altmetric analysis was conducted on 567 publications related to the Metaverse, retrieved from the PubMed (MEDLINE) and EMBASE databases. The study analysed publication trends, citation patterns and patterns of online engagement across multiple digital platforms. Findings The findings indicate a substantial growth in scholarly output over time. Thematic mapping identified 1,687 co-occurring keywords, revealing several distinct research clusters within the field. Contributions were identified from 66 countries, with China and South Korea leading in terms of publication output. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between traditional scientometric indicators (citations) and altmetric scores (Spearman’s correlation), despite relatively low levels of engagement across social media platforms. Research limitations/implications The study is limited by its reliance mainly on PubMed and EMBASE, which may not capture all global publications. Relevant studies from other databases, regional repositories, preprints and conference proceedings may be missing. In addition, bibliometric and Altmetric measures may vary because of database-specific indexing and platform-dependent engagement. Therefore, the findings should be considered comprehensive rather than exhaustive. Future research should incorporate additional databases, broader Altmetric sources and more advanced analyses to better assess audience engagement and the real-world implementation of Metaverse technologies across diverse healthcare settings. Practical implications The findings highlight the importance of strengthening international and interdisciplinary collaboration to support the integration of Metaverse technologies into medical education, patient care and healthcare research. Strategic utilisation of social media and alternative dissemination channels may enhance research visibility, facilitate knowledge translation and promote evidence informed innovation in healthcare. Social implications The study has important social implications for researchers, healthcare professionals and policymakers. It encourages stronger international and interdisciplinary collaboration and more effective digital dissemination to increase academic visibility and societal impact. For healthcare practice, it supports exploring immersive technologies in medical education, clinical simulation, tele-rehabilitation and patient care. It also highlights the need for ethical and regulatory frameworks to address data privacy, interoperability and standardisation in Metaverse-enabled healthcare systems, helping promote responsible and equitable innovation. Originality/value This study provides a systematic overview of the evolving research landscape of the Metaverse in healthcare by integrating scientometric and altmetric perspectives. By identifying current research trends, influential contributors and existing knowledge gaps, the study offers valuable insights to guide future research and policy development concerning the application of Metaverse technologies in healthcare.

This chapter examines the role of public libraries in the Islamic Republic of Iran in promoting social justice and addressing the needs of underserved populations. Employing a preliminary textual content analysis, the research identifies key themes and milestones related to social justice in library and information sciences (LIS) in Iran. These themes include equity, human rights, self-education, and the provision of equal opportunities. Iranian public libraries play a pivotal role in fostering social justice through their mission to provide inclusive information services, irrespective of social or economic status. Initiatives include services tailored to diverse groups such as children, the disabled, newly literate individuals, and rural communities. Specialized libraries in mosques, prisons, hospitals, and cultural centers further address specific needs. By emphasizing fairness, education, and talent development, Iranian public libraries reflect their commitment to equity. The chapter concludes by exploring pathways for strengthening these efforts in the 21st century.

This article aimed to design and present an evaluation model of digital libraries in Iran, considering the existing and standard models in the world. It is necessary to evaluate the digital library in different design and implementation stages to achieve the predetermined goals and develop digital libraries. The development of a digital library evaluation model mainly aims to evaluate the digital library in multiple ways. It eliminates the weak points, strengthens the strong points, and provides better services in digital libraries. The current research is applied in terms of the objective and a mixed (quantitative-qualitative) type of study. Sources were identified by searching Persian and English databases, and 300 related sources were analyzed in this research. With the quantitative method, an evaluation questionnaire of digital libraries was designed, validated, and completed with the consensus of experts, and then it was sent to digital libraries for completion. The received information was entered into SPSS software. For validity and reliability, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and, finally, the model presentation of were done using PLS software. Based on the statistical findings of Cronbach's alpha, convergent validity, reliability coefficient, variance, standard deviation, and pebble diagrams with exploratory factor analysis by rotating the set according to the internal correlation between the items, 13 components were obtained in each element of the item, with significant correlations. On the other hand, no correlation was observed between the items of one factor and those of another. Then, the digital library evaluation model was developed in theconfirmatory factor analysis, which led to identifying 13 components (information link, architecture, information retrieval, new technologies, users, user-friendliness, applicability, information exchange, information, communication, updating, user security, and information coverage). According to the obtained findings and pattern, this pattern can be used to examine and evaluate digital libraries.

The knowledge produced in organizations is increasing, forcing them to use new strategies for knowledge storage. Blockchain is a new decentralized technology that can potentially improve knowledge management. Considering the fact that Academic Jihad is a scientific organization with about 7200 faculty and non-faculty personnel, and considering its nature, perhaps more than other organizations, the preservation of knowledge is important in it, for this purpose, a proposed plan It was presented to the senior managers of this institution to implement this important by using the most up-to-date technologies, therefore, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the state of academic jihad for the establishment of knowledge management and then to present a proposed plan for its implementation using blockchain technology. Is. In this study, using Morgan's table, 367 people as a sample population, which is a combination of managers and professionals of academic and non-academic faculty, and with a descriptive model, the state of academic jihad in the field of organizational culture, information technology, organizational structure and human resources is investigated. To create a suitable model for knowledge management. Descriptive and inferential statistics have been used to analyze the data. According to the results of the t-test with 319 degrees of freedom and a confidence interval of 0.05 and a theoretical mean of 3.5, the findings of the research indicate that the state of human resources is suitable, and the state of Organizational structure and culture and information technology are average for the application of knowledge management

Background: Knowledge resources and documentation mechanisms are essential for managers' productivity. Thus, identifying and categorizing knowledge resources and developing documentation mechanisms are crucial organizational tasks. Objectives: This research aimed to analyze, categorize, and rank knowledge resources in Iranian medical science libraries. Methods: This exploratory and correlational study was conducted on 209 managers, heads, and deputies of central and hospital libraries in Iranian medical universities. Sampling was performed using a proportional stratified random sampling method, and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the data. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was utilized for data analysis. Results: Knowledge resources in medical science libraries were categorized into implicit, explicit, and web-based knowledge. Regarding the stages of knowledge documentation, the results indicated that the distribution stage and its related mechanisms received the highest scores. In contrast, the storage stage and its mechanisms received the lowest scores. The path coefficient test showed that the highest path coefficient was related to implicit knowledge (0.68), while the lowest was related to web-based knowledge (0.13). Regression coefficients and Cronbach's alpha were higher than 0.7, and the average extracted variance (AVE) was higher than 0.5, indicating the adequacy of the measurement and structural model evaluation. Conclusions: Based on the results, Iranian medical science libraries lack specific mechanisms for documentation and identifying and categorizing knowledge resources. Therefore, this research provided a suitable foundation for these libraries to employ knowledge documentation mechanisms and discover knowledge resources. These libraries' sources of implicit and explicit knowledge and necessary mechanisms for recording, capturing, and documenting knowledge are not clearly defined. Consequently, organizational knowledge documentation is not conducted formally based on a knowledge management model. Therefore, the present research enables the identification of important knowledge acquisition resources and the methods and mechanisms for extracting and documenting knowledge.

Objective: Information sharing by academic libraries is a major and serious obstacle in preventing reproduction and helping to reduce costs and spending time of researchers at the national and international levels. In the library world, resource sharing means that you are collaborating with one or more libraries to maximize access to a larger array of resources by sharing the collections of the cooperating libraries or pooling funding to purchase shared digital resources. Todays, most libraries participate in some type of resource sharing, even when they may not be aware of it. Resource sharing provides the cooperating libraries with an opportunity to access materials from other libraries, which should result in a cost savings. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the dimensions of information sharing model in Iranian academic libraries. Methodology: The research is of an applied type, in terms of data gathering, it is exploratory using grounded theory method (qualitative phase) and cross-sectional survey (quantitative phase). The research community of the qualitative part includes all the experts of Knowledge and Information Science, who were selected by the targeted method of snowball, Delphi panel and brainstorming, and the statistical community of the quantitative part includes all the librarians of the universities of the country. In the qualitative part, data collection was done by document study and semi-structured exploratory interview. And in the quantitative section, a researcher-made multi-component questionnaire was used based on the findings of the quantitative section, and Cronbach's alpha and CVR were used for validity and reliability. The analysis was carried out in three main stages of open, axial and selective coding using Lisrel software. Findings: The findings indicated that the appropriate model of information sharing in the academic libraries of the country consists of dimensions such as the use of technology, organizational policies, individual and group skills, environmental readiness, executive requirements and organizational and managerial prerequisites and 20 sub-components. Conclusion: The obtained results indicate that the observed variables can well explain the hidden variable. Since the factor load of all the observed variables (components and indicators) are greater than 0.3, therefore there is a favorable relationship between the indicators (observed variable) with its own component (hidden variable) and between the components (observed variable) with all 6 dimensions (hidden variable). Therefore, by creating the necessaryinfrastructure in the field of information technology, culturalization, and process improvement, the organizational structure of information sharing can be implemented in academic libraries.

Purpose: The libraries of medical sciences universities have much more diverse goals and services than can be publically conceived, so providing services related to information resources is one of the most important challenges facing these organizations.Method: The present study is an applied research based on its purpose and descriptive-analytical as regards method. The study utilized the semi-structured interview method to obtain the factors affecting the provision of health information resources services. Sampling was conducted based on a purposeful method and experts’ viewpoints. The sampling was carried out the fuzzy Delphi technique which aimed to provide a solution for the issues. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to check the factors obtained from 62 central libraries of medical sciences.Findings: In general, six types of services were determined as health information resource services in specific central libraries, including tools for exploring the online book registration network, selection tools, interlibrary loan, free educational tools, additional book publishing tests, and content evaluation. Additionally, eight factors were identified, including providing services of specialized bibliographic review by librarians, consultation services to users, dissemination and provision of selective information services on Persian and Non-Persian sources, overcoming the weaknesses of librarians without library education, increasing the diversity of medical sciences library services, utilizing new technologies to compensate for deficiencies and lack of resources, improving the social function of the library as a social institution, and offering various electronic services such as databases and digital resources. These identified factors were found to influence the provision of health information resources.Conclusion: Various factors may affect the provision of health information resources services in universities of medical sciences, most importantly improvement of the social functions of libraries.

This corrects the article "Factors affecting health information resources in central libraries at Iranian universities of medical sciences" published in 2022: Volume 11, page 18 (doi: 10.34172/ rdme.2022.018). The first affiliation in the original version has not been written in the correct format. This has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the article.

Co-authorship networks consist of nodes and numerous links indicating scientific collaboration of researchers. These networks could be studied through social networks analysis and data mining techniques. The focus of the article is twofold: the first objective is the analysis of the co-authorship networks of the top 60 countries that had the highest number of scientific publications in the world, and the second one is the discovery of collaboration patterns of highly cited papers of these countries. To do so, all scientific publications of the top 60 countries in all fields as well as their highly cited papers were included in the study period between 2011 and 2015. The research samples in the first part included 10,460,999 documents and in the second part encompassed 711,025 highly cited papers. Required data were extracted from web of science database. To analyse co-authorship networks, centrality indices and clustering coefficient were used. UCINET, Pajek, VOSviewer and BibExcel software were used to map co-authorship networks of the countries and to calculate indices. Finally, the discovery of collaboration patterns in highly cited papers is studied through association rules. The research data indicated that over 95% of documents has been produced by the top 60 countries. In addition, the USA, Germany, England, France and Spain launched the most co-authorship. Quantitatively, there have been the most powerful collaboration links between China and the USA, the USA and England, the USA and Germany, and the USA and Canada. The clustering data indicated that collaborations of the top countries of the world were in three main clusters. The Friedman test showed that there was a significant difference in the priorities of the countries for collaboration; and the USA, China, England, Germany, France, Japan and Italy are in the top priority for collaboration, respectively. The results of collaboration pattern in highly cited papers indicated that the USA participates in more than half of collaboration patterns for producing highly cited papers.

The 21 authors of this study, 19 of whom are non-native English speakers, reflect on the barriers to publishing academic journal articles in top international journals. Each author responded to the same set of questions pertaining to educational (PhD) opportunities for emerging scholars, financial conditions for researchers, and challenges in publishing their work. Limited English language skills, lack of research funding, and different research topics were identified as the most significant barriers to publish in the journals. Recruiting volunteers or using electronic translations for accepted articles for journals, reducing software and subscription to academic journals costs, expanding journal scope, and providing guidance and collaboration across borders are possible measures to reduce the negative impact of the barriers.

The main purpose of this article is to present a model for information-seeking behaviour with an emphasis on unplanned and planned behaviour of users in using library resources and services. The working method was that, reviewing the literature and previous information behaviour models, such as Wilson, Ellis, Kuhlthau, and Dervin models, this article proposes a novel model of information-seeking behaviour for library users. Our model of information-seeking behaviour was developed by combining the existing models of planned information-seeking behaviour with the focus on the factors affecting unplanned rather than planned behaviour of users in accessing resources or services. Our proposed model for information-seeking behaviour of clients has two main parts. The first part planned behaviour resulting from a problem or a certain information need according to which the user seeks to find information in a planned manner. The second part deals with unplanned behaviour shaped by a hidden or uncertain information need. Finally, both types of behaviour can result in the discovery, extraction, collection and use of information.

Background: Academic libraries play a crucial and constructive role in managing information resources. Because medical universities have an essential role in promoting public health, the position of libraries at these universities is both important and influential. Therefore, this study investigated factors that affect the provision of health information resources in central libraries at Iranian universities of medical sciences. Methods: This applied-descriptive study reviewed factors affecting the provision of health information resources based on document study and the Delphi method. A total of 62 managers of these central libraries were asked to participate. The sample was based on the fuzzy Delphi technique, which provides a solution in two phases. The data were obtained from a qualitative analysis of interviews and results from a researcher-created questionnaire. Results: Six factors were found to be vital to providing health information resources, including support, maintenance costs, country policies, economics, cooperation with high-tech companies, and political challenges. Some suggestions are given to address the challenges of providing resources; the most important was to create visual and audio media with a high diffusion coefficient. Conclusion: Numerous factors can affect the provision of health information resources at Iranian universities of medical sciences. The foundations of these factors are varied, some stemming from economic fluctuations and others from technological developments.

Purpose - This paper aims to draw a roadmap for the presence of Iranian academic libraries in the cloud infrastructure. Design/methodology/approach - This research attends an applied-development one that is a part of developmental research due to its conceptual expansion, foresight and roadmap for the presence of cloud-based academic libraries and finally, becoming cloud libraries. Because of providing a roadmap template, the presence of academic digital libraries in the cloud and becoming a cloud library is applied research. Because of providing a roadmap template, academic digital libraries' presence in the cloud and becoming a cloud library is one of the applied research areas. The statistical population of this research includes all Iranian digital academic libraries. There were 64 digital libraries out of which 59 libraries participated in completing the questionnaire. Findings - Preliminary results from used Delphi method's first round which was considered by 59 experts were identified typically and descriptive after appropriate component classification and editing. After identifying these factors, each of the roadmap levels in the third stage and the degree of relevance approved by the experts were reviewed and the most critical and relevant factors were identified as key components of the roadmap for the presence of cloud-based academic libraries and becoming cloud libraries. At this stage, they were selected as 24 factors, including seven factors for the first layer, eight factors for the second layer and nine factors for the third layer. Originality/value - By introducing a roadmap for the presence of academic digital libraries in the cloud context, they will promote more and better interaction between academic libraries to offer services to users anytime and anywhere.

Context and purpose. The use of e-commerce technology in the cooperative sector can improve the situation of job creation and income gains in rural cooperatives, leading to economic growth and development. Based on this, the current research aims to identify and prioritize the criteria of this technology in creating entrepreneurial opportunities in rural cooperatives.Methodology/approach. In this research, 36 components of entrepreneurial opportunities were identified based on literature review, and finally, they were refined using the opinion of 30 experts using the Fuzzy Delphi method. After the refining process, 23 selected components were evaluated and ranked through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) using Expert Choice 11 software. At this stage, based on the Krejcie-Morgan table, 127 experts were selected from 200 cooperatives.Findings and conclusions. The results showed that the dimensions of creating entrepreneurial opportunities include commercial opportunities, organizational opportunities, social opportunities, economic opportunities, and technological opportunities, and the sub-components of each of them were weighted. Based on the results of the research, the local model in the cooperative sector is proposed in order to recognize and exploit the entrepreneurial opportunities of e-commerce technology.Originality. By identifying the entrepreneurial opportunities of e-commerce in rural cooperatives, this study has provided a framework that helps to increase the efficiency of these institutions and improve the livelihood of members through orientation to new job opportunities.

مقدمه: رفتار اطلاعاتی اصطلاحی است که برای توصیف بسیاری از روش‌های تعامل انسان با اطلاعات استفاده می‌شود. اجتناب از اطلاعات نیز یکی از وجوه رفتار اطلاعاتی و روش‌های تعامل انسان با اطلاعات است. اجتناب از اطلاعات مجموعه­ای از رفتارها و اقدامات گزینشی به‌منظور متوقف کردن، محدود کردن، تأخیر جستجو، مواجهه، پردازش، و استفاده از اطلاعات است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی اجتناب از اطلاعات دانشجویان پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان در مطالعه مقاله‌های علمی است. روش ­شناسی: پژوهش حاضر از نوع کاربردی پیمایشی است. جامعه پژوهش دانشجویان پزشکی در سال تحصیلی 98-99 دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان بودند. روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی بود. دانشجویان پرسشنامه­های الکترونیکی اجتناب اطلاعات و نیاز به شناخت را تکمیل کردند. از آزمون‌های تحلیل واریانس یک‌طرفه، رگرسیون خطی ساده، رگرسیون چند متغیره برای تحلیل آماری استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: میانگین اجتناب از اطلاعات دانشجویان 21/2 و میانگین نیاز به شناخت آنها 55/3 بود. یافته‌ها حاکی از تفاوت معنادار میزان اجتناب از اطلاعات دانشجویان برحسب پایه تحصیلی آنان بود. بین اجتناب از اطلاعات و نیاز به شناخت رابطه معنادار مشاهده شد. متغیر پایه تحصیلی در رابطه بین اجتناب از اطلاعات و نیاز به شناخت نقش کاهشی داشت. نتیجه‌: میزان نیاز به شناخت دانشجویان با اجتناب از اطلاعات آنان رابطه عکس دارد، همچنین با افزایش پایه تحصیلی آن­ها نیاز به شناخت آنها افزوده می‌شود. می­توان برای دانشجویان پایه‌های پایین‌تر این روند را تسریع نمود. پیشنهاد می­شود که برای آن­ها دوره­های آموزش سواد اطلاعاتی، تور کتابخانه، و معرفی پایگاه­های اطلاعاتی تخصصی برگزار شود.

The present study investigates the Iranian faculties’ attitude toward knowing the desirable features and weaknesses of academic textbooks. The survey research method was used and the data were collected by a semi-structured interview. The population consisted of Iranian faculties in the fields of management, geography, sports science and economics, and maximum variation sampling was used as a sampling method. Findings showed that when choosing academic books, faculties pay attention to several aspects including the use of a book, book credits, those materials added to the original text such as a table, diagram, figure, original content issues, book content, book appearance, and its distribution. The weaknesses presented by faculties can be divided into two parts: the weaknesses of compiled books and the weaknesses of translated books, which are related to publishers and authors. Besides, other weaknesses are lack of expert authors, the non-strength of book physical structure, inappropriate layouts, non-fluency, and literal translation. This is the first study to analyze the desirable and weakness point of Iranian academic book publishing and attempt to show selection criteria of academic book publishing as there is no evaluation systems of academic books in Iran.

The use of e-commerce technology is important in the dynamics of the economy, especially in planning and implementing export processes, as one of the goals of achieving a resilient economy. Accordingly, identifying and analyzing the strategic indicators of the e-commerce model in the export of agricultural products and rural entrepreneurship development has been the main goal of the present study. After conducting library studies and reviewing credible documents and sources, a list of 32 strategic indicators affecting the future of e-commerce in the field of agricultural exports and rural entrepreneurship development was obtained, followed by a questionnaire using The structural analysis method (interaction effect matrix) was designed and evaluated by forming a panel of 14 experts and their consensus on the effectiveness and effectiveness of each factor using MicMac software. The findings showed that 12 indicators of strengthening information security technologies; Development of telecommunication and infrastructure technologies; Adaptability to technological change; General e-commerce skills training; Development of banking and e-economy; Development of students' economics; Facilitate tax and customs laws; Transparency of e-commerce law; Risk management and strategic orientation; Flexibility of the export process; Improving trade and commerce; And the development of conversion and complementary industries has the greatest impact on the future of agricultural exports, with an emphasis on e-commerce.

Objective: To provide a statistical model of Iranian libraries. Methods: The research approach is mixed.The background of library statistics in Iran and the world was identified, systematic review, and documentary analysis by purposeful sampling. By searching Persian and Latin databases with the keyword "Library Statistics" relevant sources were identified, and duplicates were removed by screening. 138 sources in Iran and 223 sources in the world were selected and evaluated. Library statistics data items were extracted from them. With the Delphi quantitative method, the statistical model items of Iranian libraries were validated and completed by unanimous sampling with the consensus of experts. Using Ground theory qualitative method, the theory of description and classification of the statistical model of Iranian libraries in the reporting unit, application, and measurement unit was done by interviewing the interviewees by sampling based on purpose and open questionnaire. By open-coding the main categories of items and categories of the reporting unit, application, and measurement unit; with the axis, the relation of class and categories is extracted; and by selective, systematic development of the class and categories of the statistical model of Iranian libraries were presented. Results: Information items of the statistical model of Iranian libraries were obtained by Delphi method. Information items of the statistical model of Iranian libraries were including 59 items. Based on Granded Theory, the five main classes of collections, services, human resources, financial resources, and infrastructure; The main class includes 22 itemes in collections, 14 items in services, 4 items in human resources, 11 items in financial resources, and 8 items in infrastructure; And the category of reporting unit responsible for collecting statistics of Iranian libraries in university, cooperative and network, public, schools, specialized, and provincial libraries; The application of statistical model of Iranian libraries in five levels: international, regional, national, provincial, and local; And the category of measurement unit including volume, title, added, holding, withdrawal, person, hours, Rials, linear feet, and square footage was identified and presented. Finally, the statistical model of Iranian libraries was presented. Conclusion: Statistical model of Iranian libraries in order to create a system for collecting library statistics; and it is the basis for compiling the standard statistics of Iranian libraries. Based on the statistical model of Iranian libraries, library data is upgraded from the quantitative level of the library directory to the level of library statistics.The statistical model of Iranian libraries is a tool for making decisions and attracting resources to the library. The statistical model of Iranian libraries provides a set of basic data for library reporting at various levels, and uses descriptive elements to provide a framework for comparing data using descriptions of common elements.

Purpose: Self-leadership is the process of influencing oneself to achieve goals .the purpose of this study is identifying academic Librarians' mentalities about Self-leadership and presenting model.Methodology: The research is applied and we used Q methodology, content analysis and Delphi. In the first part, the statistical population is librarians and managers of Iranian academic libraries, and in the second part, the faculty members of the Department of Information Science as well as management. The sampling method is theoretical. The research tool was a questionnaire and semi-structural interview. Factor analysis conducted by SPSS.Findings: Seven mental patterns were identified and named. organizational self-leadership model was presented with 5 dimensions, 23 components and 56 indicators.Conclusion: The hierarchical, Conservative, team-oriented, self-reliant, self-efficate, empowering, and self-evaluation pattern. The dimensions of organizational self-leadership model include procedural, strategical, organizational, cultural, and socio-psychosocial.Keywords: Organizational Self-leadership, Mental Patterns, Academic Libraries, Academic Librarians, Iranian Universities, Q Methodology, Delphi, Model