The gamma rays emitted in disintegration of97Zr have been investigated by Ge(Li) detectors, operated singly and in coincidence. In all, quanta emitted in thirty-five nuclear transitions have been observed. The gamma ray energies and relative intensities have been measured. Beta spectra have been studied with Ge(Li) detector and anthracene counter in coincidence. Nine beta spectra have been identified as to end point and intensity, either by direct measurement or by inference from the gamma ray data. The results of all measurements have been combined to provide a decay scheme for97Zr. Nuclear excited states in97Nb are indicated at energies of 743, 1,148, 1,251, 1,276, 1,434, 1,548, 1,652, 1,750, 1,765, 1,852, 1,958, 2,056, 2,106, and 2,247 keV. Possible spin-parity assignments have been suggested for some of these states.
The energies and relative intensities of the gamma rays of 144 Ce have been determined with use of a Ge(Li) detector. The quantum energies are 33.7, 40.8, 53.4, 80.1, 99.8, and 133.5 keV, the associated relative intensities being 2.3±0.2, 5±4, 1.1±0.1, 16±1, 0.39±0.04, and 100±6. These data have been interpreted to indicate excited nuclear energy states in 144 Pr at 59.03, 80.1, 99.8 and 133.5 keV.
The quantum radiations emitted in the decay of ${\mathrm{Te}}^{129m}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Te}}^{129}$ have been investigated with application of a Ge(Li) detector, scintillation counters, coincidence techniques, and multichannel analysis. In addition to the well-known 27-keV gamma ray, twenty-three others have been detected at energies of 205, 250, 273, 277, 340, 448, 455, 482, 523, 548, 550, 630, 660, 698, 725, 770, 797, 810, 835, 945, 1085, 1112, and 1222 keV. Thus, six pairs of gamma rays are present which exhibit within each pair an energy difference of 27 keV. Excited states in ${\mathrm{I}}^{129}$ are established at 27, 277, 482, 550, 725, 797, and 1112 keV by this energy difference. Additional excited states are found at 837, 1065, 1222, and 1385 keV by coincidence experiments.
The 1.8 h 149Nd was produced when Nd2O3, isotopically concentrated in 148Nd, was irradiated for 2 h in Kansas State University's Triga Mark II reactor. The gamma ray spectrum was observed with a Ge(Li) detector. Gamma rays decaying with the 1.8 h half life were measured at energies of 60, 76, 97, 114, 154, 187, 197, 210, 226, 240, 267, 309, 324, 348, 423, 443, 542, 556 and 655 keV. These data, along with gamma-gamma and beta-gamma coincidence studies of earlier investigations, have been employed to prepare a level diagram for 149Pm.
The energy of the hardest gamma ray emitted following ${\ensuremath{\beta}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decay of the ground state of ${\mathrm{Pt}}^{197}$ (18 h) has been measured in a lithium-drifted germanium detector to be 268 keV. A 279-keV gamma ray was resolved which decayed in intensity with the 78-min half-life of the isomeric level of ${\mathrm{Pt}}^{197}$. The $K$-shell conversion coefficient of the 191-keV transition has been experimentally determined as 1.59\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07, suggesting an $E0$ component, and that the spin and parity of the 268-keV level in ${\mathrm{Au}}^{197}$ are \textonehalf{}+. Previously reported gamma rays in the decay of these platinum isomers at 155 and 202 keV are shown to arise from the presence of ${\mathrm{Au}}^{199}$, formed in the ${\ensuremath{\beta}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decay of ${\mathrm{Pt}}^{199}$.
The characteristics of three nuclear transitions in ${\mathrm{Cs}}^{133}$ have been studied. Observations have been made upon the conversion electrons and/or unconverted quanta emitted in the transitions at 81, 220, and 54 keV. The results may be summarized as follows: (1) The 81-keV ($M1+E2$, ${d}_{\frac{5}{2}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{g}_{\frac{7}{2}}$) transition has a measured $\frac{K}{(L+M)}$ ratio of 4.79\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.09. The experimentally determined $K$-shell conversion coefficient, ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{K}$ is 1.35\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05. For this delayed transition, ${{\ensuremath{\beta}}_{1}}^{K}(\ensuremath{\lambda})$ is calculated to be 1.33\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05, and $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ to be 5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3. (2) The $\frac{K}{(L+M)}$ ratio of the 220-keV gamma ray has been measured in a semiconducting detector to be 7.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07. (3) The unconverted quanta of the 54-keV transition have been shown to be emitted in only (0.107\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.041)% of the disintegrations. The properties of ${\mathrm{Cs}}^{133}$ seem not to be fully explained by the single-particle model.
The gamma rays of ${\mathrm{Cd}}^{115}$ and ${\mathrm{Cd}}^{115m}$ have been investigated by means of scintillation counting and coincidence methods. The $K$-shell conversion coefficient of the 34-keV gamma ray is measured to be 3.43\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.12, suggesting the transition to be $E1$ in character and that the 858-keV level in the nucleus of ${\mathrm{In}}^{115}$ has positive parity. The gamma rays at 635, 650, and 890 keV which have been reported in the decay of ${\mathrm{Cd}}^{115m}$ are shown to emanate from ${\mathrm{Ag}}^{110m}$, present as an impurity.
The spectrum of the harder gamma rays of In115 has been re-investigatedby utilization of scintillation counters and multi-channel analysis. The gamma ray of quantum energy 1.14 MeV is found to be emitted in (0.081±0.002) percent of the disintegrations, and the gamma ray at 1.41 MeV in (0.035±0.002) percent of the disintegrations. These results are interpreted as showing evidence of the presence of at least two levels in the near vicinity of 1.4 MeV in the level scheme of In115. Precautions were taken to eliminate summing effects and contributions from K40.