Lord Howe Island, some 630 kilometres off the northern coast of New South Wales, Australia at 31.5° South latitude, is the world's southern most locality with a well developed coral reef community and associated lagoon. An extensive collection of fishes from Lord Howe Island was made during a month's expedition in February 1973. A total of 208 species are newly recorded from Lord Howe Island and 23 species newly recorded from the Australian mainland. The fish fauna of Lord Howe is increased to 447 species in 107 families. Of the 390 species of inshore fishes, the majority (60%) are wide-ranging tropical forms; some 10% are found only at Lord Howe Island, southern Australia and/or New Zealand. less than 4% of the shore fishes are endemic to the Lord Howe region (including Norfolk Island). Some 32% of the inshore species are restricted to the south-western or southern Pacific Ocean.

(1969). Conchologists of The Past. Journal of the Malacological Society of Australia: Vol. 1, No. 12, pp. 48-56.

By hand-lining we obtained Red Emperor, Diacope sebae; Coral Cod, Plectropomus maculatus; Emperor-Sweetlips, Lethrinus chrysostomus, also Varinla louti and Epinephelus forsythi, all good food-fishes.Time did not permit investigation of the fascinating inter-relationships of fishes with invertebrates and other fishes.Parrot-fishes were, however, observed to upend themselves to be cleaned by Labroides dimidiatus.The association between a sea-urchin and the fish Siphamia zaribae and a shrimp (Whitley, 1959, Proc.Roy.Zool.Soc.N.S.Wales 1957-58: 15-17) already recorded from the Capricorn Group, was observed afresh.When the urchin was taken from the water some of the fishes sheltered in the collector's trouser-legs!Some Lovamia were practising buccal incubation.Fertile eggs were found in a female Merogymnus jacksoniensis suggesting that internal fertilization takes place, although it is not known ifthis would be followed by oral incubation as in its West Indian ally, Opisthognathus (see B6hlke and Chaplin, 1957, Science 125 (3243), Feb., 22: 353, fig.I).Dascyllus aruanuswas scarce although its usual host coral was present, and there were few Amphiprion with sea-anemones.Mimicry of a toadfish (Canthigaster) by a leatherjacket (Paraluteres) was noticed; several blennies (Meiacanthus) were nesting in empty gastropod shells and juveniles floated under sargasso weed.Other fishes were attacked by crustacean parasites.

Localities 1, 5, and 6 are Leichhardtian with waters flowing to the south of New Guinea; localities 2, 3, 4, and 7 are Gaimardian, having northward• flowing rivers.

In 1943 the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, in Melbourne, published its Bulletin No. 159, "Poisonous and Harmful Fishes." This Bulletin was originally intended for use by His Majesty's Forces in World War II. In the foreword to that publication it was stated that a more detailed report and a bibliography on the same subject had been assembled for separate publication. No further edition of the Bulletin has been issued, but separate articles on poisonous fishes have appeared. In view of the increased interest in the subject by scientific organizations in the United States, Japan and the Pacific Islands, it was deemed advisable to publish the present bibliography. The literature of medical ichthyology is extensive and widely scattered throughout scientific journals in a variety of languages. Since a review of the world literature on toxic fishes is not feasible at this time, the present work has been limited chiefly to those publications concerned with the poisonous and venomous fishes of Australia. The term fishes is used in the zoological sense and does not include such invertebrates as jellyfish, shellfish, etc. It will be noted that a number of articles have been listed under the section entitled "General". The works listed in this section are concerned with the more general aspects of the problem of toxic fishes and would be pertinent to a discussion of any area. Papers containing articles on both poisonous and venomous fishes have also been listed in the general section. The remainder of the references have been segregated into the two categories "Poisonous Fishes" and "Venomous Fishes." The term poisonous fishes refers to those whose flesh when ingested by human beings produces toxic symptoms. In contrast, venomous fishes produce their injurious effects by injecting their venom by means of stings or spines. In the latter case the injury is associated with mechanical trauma. In some instances, e.g., tetraodon poisoning, stingrays, catfishes, etc., it was felt advisable to include certain additional basic papers which were considered to have a bearing on the subject under consideration even though they were not concerned directly with Australian species. It is the hope of the authors that this contribution will stimulate others to conduct research in this greatly neglected field.

The fifty-four specimens of fishes brought back by the Australian Museum Expedition belong to eight families or ten species of shore-inhabiting kinds such as are found in tropical mangrove-swamps or else in freshwater rivers. There are no coral reef or open marine forms because the main activities of the expedition were concerned with geology and terrestrial fauna. The Palmer or "Barramundi", Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790), was photographed at the Forrest River (Keast, Austn. Mus. Mag., xi, 1953, pp. 4, 9–10, fig.) but no specimen was preserved.

[Whitley gives no abstract for this work; new taxa and new names are proposed by him for fish in the families: Clupeidae, Cyprinidae, Anostomidae, Coronodontidae, Ptychodontidae, Perleididae, Bothidae, Myctophidae, etc.—Digitization Sub-editor 2009]

When drawing some types of Australian fishes in the British Museum, the senior author found a specimen of a Queensland Pipefish which did not agree with Gunther's , type (from Suez) of the species (Acentronura tentaculata) with which it had been previously ~ssociated .(Duncker, 1915; McCulloch and Whitley, 1925;Dollfus and Petit, 1938).He prepared a description and figure of the specimen, and sent them to the junior author, who studied the fish in relation to the literature and made taxonomic comparisons with its congeners.

MankindVolume 3, Issue 5 p. 155-156 Australia, “Land of Negroes.” An old Dutch Map Gilbert P. Whitley, Gilbert P. WhitleySearch for more papers by this author Gilbert P. Whitley, Gilbert P. WhitleySearch for more papers by this author First published: December 1943 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1835-9310.1943.tb00173.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume3, Issue5December 1943Pages 155-156 RelatedInformation