Background: Chinese patent ethnomedicines (CPEs), a form of traditional Chinese patent medicine, originate from the traditional medicines of ethnic minority groups and are widely used in clinical practice. However, existing evidence to support their application remains unclear. Therefore, to address this gap, this comprehensive scoping review will be performed to provide an overview of the available evidence on CPE preparations. Objective: This review aims to provide the evidence profile for oral CPEs. This study will elucidate the current state of the evidence with respect to these medicines and identify research gaps. The detailed steps for conducting this review are outlined in this protocol. This review will contribute to a better understanding of CPEs. Methods: This review will include clinical studies of CPEs irrespective of study design. The frameworks described by Arksey and O'Malley, Levac et al, and the Joanna Briggs Institute will be used to guide this scoping review. This review will involve six steps: (1) identifying the research question; (2) collecting information about CPEs from national related drug catalogs; (3) searching MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases from inception to February 2025 to identify relevant publications; (4) screening the literature against the eligibility criteria; (5) extracting data using a predefined standardized data extraction form; and (6) summarizing, discussing, analyzing, and reporting the results. We will also present the results via data visualization techniques. Results: We will synthesize data on CPEs by conducting the scoping review, drawing the evidence maps, identifying the clinical characteristics of CPEs and how they relate to the adverse events, and highlighting the limitations and gaps in the literature. We expect to publish the results in 2027. Conclusions: The data obtained through this review could inform future research involving CPEs.

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a chronic, progressive disorder characterized by hepatic steatosis and excessive lipid accumulation. Its high global adult prevalence (approximately 50.7 %) is a significant concern worldwide. However, FDA-approved therapeutic drugs remains lacking. Qigui Jiangzhi Formula (QGJZF) shows promise in treating MAFLD by effectively decreasing lipid levels and improving hepatic steatosis, however its mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated QGJZF's effects in high-fat diet-induced zebrafish and golden hamsters, and in palmitate (PA) and oleic acid (OA)- induced HepG2 cells, using the SymMap database to identify potential targets and pathways of QGJZF in MAFLD and AlphaFold algorithms to predict protein structures. In vivo, QGJZF significantly alleviated hepatic lipid deposition. Intriguingly, QGJZF decreased lipid droplets and its levels are negative correlated with the numbers of autolysosomes, indicating that QGJZF's mechanism of ameliorating liver lipid deposition may be related to the regulation of autophagy. QGJZF upregulated the expressions of phosphorylated-Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)- activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), Sirtuin deacetylase 1 (SIRT1) and Transcription factor EB (TFEB), accompanied by the changes in autophagy-related proteins. In vitro, QGJZF inhibited the lipid deposition in PA/OA-stimulated HepG2 cells, and its effect was blocked by an autophagy inhibitor Baf-A1, which was mediated through upregulation of TFEB and its mediated autophagy-lysosomal pathway. Moreover, cotreatment with AMPK inhibitor Compound C, the regulation of QGJZF on TFEB, SIRT1, autophagy-related protein levels, and lipid deposition were reversed. Network pharmacology identified the PRKAA2 (AMPK) and SIRT1 as key hub targets. Futher analysis of their structures using AlphaFold3 algorithms, yielded high-ranking scores of 0.97 and 0.93, respectively. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with molecular docking expounded its five compounds in QGJZF binding to AMPK protein. These findings suggest that QGJZF as a therapeutic agent in augmenting autophagyfacilitated lipid clearance for the management of MAFLD via AMPK/SIRT1-TFEB axis.

OBJECTIVE:This study aims to validate the hypothesis that Modified Qianzheng Powder (MQZP) exerts a protective effect on atherosclerosis (AS) by targeting macrophageassociated inflammatory pathways through a multi-target approach. The objective is to identify the bioactive components of MQZP, assess its therapeutic potential, and uncover its molecular mechanisms in AS. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Herein, 124 effective components and 417 potential therapeutic targets were identified through network pharmacological analysis. Among them, cyclo(D)-Pro-(D)-Phe, aurantiamide, beauverilide a, and ecdysone were the key active components of MQZP against AS, whereas the core therapeutic targets included TP53, SRC, STAT3, and AKT1. Furthermore, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses identified 3417 biological components and 238 pathways. RESULTS:Molecular docking analysis revealed that the primary targets were capable of forming stable bonds with their respective compounds. Finally, macrophages were used to create an ox- LDL-induced foam cell model of AS, upon which the levels of inflammatory factors, related proteins, and mRNA were assessed using Oil Red O staining, ELISA, western blotting, and RTqPCR. CONCLUSIONS:According to the results, MQZP could alleviate inflammation and improve AS by suppressing the IL-6/STAT3 pathway. Besides a theoretical foundation and experimental data for understanding how MQZP potentially acts to treat AS, this study also offers essential insights and novel research directions regarding the anti-atherosclerotic properties of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-derived compounds and extracts.

This study utilized chestnuts and black tea as raw materials to determine the optimal fermentation conditions for a chestnut-black tea composite fermented beverage through single-factor experiments and orthogonal experimental designs,with sensory evaluation scores and tea polyphenol content as key comprehensive indicators.The results indicated that the optimal fermentation parameters were as follows:15％chestnut pulp addition,50％black tea juice addition,fermentation temperature of 36℃,and fermentation duration of 42 hours.Under these conditions,the sensory evaluation score reached 90.2,and tea polyphenol content was 1303.89 mg/L.The resulting beverage exhibited a reddish-brown,translucent appearance,featuring a rich black tea aroma with a subtle chestnut fragrance,a smooth taste,and no sedimentation,presenting a novel fermented tea beverage with distinct chestnut flavor characteristics.

Objective: To provide high-quality clinical evidence of the efficacy of Tibetan medicine Honghua Ruyi (HHRY) pills for endometriosis-associated dysmenorrhea. Methods: This study constitutes a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial encompassing a three-menstrual cycle intervention followed by a three-menstrual cycle follow-up period. A total of 164 eligible females with endometriosis-associated dysmenorrhea were randomly divided into HHRY pills and placebo groups in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome included dysmenorrhea symptoms assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores and quality of life, whereas the secondary outcome measures included the maximum VAS for non-menstrual pelvic pain, duration of pain episodes (in days), frequency and quantity of the consumption of ibuprofen sustained-release capsules (or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), and days off work/study for staff/student due to dysmenorrhea, ovarian cyst, and/or pelvic nodule size. The safety was monitored throughout the treatment period. All the analyses were based on the intention-to-treat principle. For continuous outcomes, simple or multiple linear regressions were used to estimate the differences between the HHRY pills and placebo groups, with categorical data expressed as the number and percentage of occurrences. Differences were compared using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. The predefined analysis was adjusted for concomitant treatment, a variable considered to be associated with outcomes but unaffected by treatment allocation. Estimates of treatment effects were reported with 95% confidence intervals. Two-tailed P values ≤ .05 were considered statistically significant. Conclusion: Positive results from this trial, upon completion would provide robust evidence for the efficacy and safety of HHRY pills in treating dysmenorrhea in patients with endometriosis.

Based on network Meta-analysis, we compared the effects of four traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) injections combined with conventional treatment on clinical total effective rate, recovery time of body temperature, cough disappearance time, lung rale disappearance time, wheezing relief time, and lung shadow disappearance time of bronchopneumonia in children and evaluated the safety of the four TCM injections in the treatment of bronchopneumonia in children, so as to provide an evidence-based basis for the clinical use of medication for bronchopneumonia in children. Computer retrieval was performed on CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for randomized controlled trial(RCT) on the treatment of bronchopneumonia in children with TCM injections. The search time limit was from the establishment of each database to 2 January 2024. The relevant information of qualified literature was extracted, and data analysis was performed by using R 4.2.3 and Stata 15 softwares. The quality of the included studies was evaluated by the Cochrane risk of bias evaluation tool. Seventy RCTs were finally inclu-ded, with a total sample size of 8 629 cases, including 4 296 cases in experimental group and 4 333 cases in control group. The RCTs involved four TCM injections, namely Tanreqing Injection, Reduning Injection, Xiyanping Injection, and Yanhuning Injection. Network Meta-analysis showed that:(1) in terms of improving clinical total effective rate, surface under the cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA) ranking was Xiyanping Injection + conventional treatment > Tanreqing Injection + conventional treatment > Reduning Injection + conventional treatment > Yanhuning Injection + conventional treatment > conventional treatment.(2)In terms of shortening recovery time of body temperature, SUCRA ranking was Yanhuning Injection + conventional treatment > Xiyanping Injection + conventional treatment > Reduning Injection + conventional treatment > Tanreqing Injection + conventional treatment > conventional treatment.(3)In terms of shortening cough disappearance time, SUCRA ranking was Yanhuning Injection + conventional treatment > Xiyanping Injection + conventional treatment > Reduning Injection + conventional treatment > Tanreqing Injection + conventional treatment > conventional treatment.(4)In terms of shortening lung rale disappearance time, SUCRA ranking was Xiyanping Injection + conventional treatment > Reduning Injection + conventional treatment > Yanhuning Injection + conventional treatment > Tanreqing Injection + conventional treatment > conventional treatment.(5)In terms of shortening wheezing relief time, SUCRA ranking was Xiyanping Injection + conventional treatment > Tanreqing Injection + conventional treatment > Yanhuning Injection + conventional treatment > Reduning Injection + conventional treatment > conventional treatment.(6)In terms of shortening lung shadow disappearance time, SUCRA ranking was Reduning Injection + conventional treatment > Yanhuning Injection + conventional treatment > Tanreqing Injection + conventional treatment > Xiyanping Injection + conventional treatment > conventional treatment.(7)In terms of safety, 42 RCTs reported the occurrence of adverse reactions, mainly in the form of gastrointestinal reactions and skin rashes. Current evidence shows that the four TCM injections in combination with conventional treatment are all effective in treating bronchopneumonia in children to varying degrees. Xiyanping Injection + conventional treatment may be the most effective in improving clinical total effective rate, shortening lung rale disappearance time and wheezing relief time. Yanhuning Injection + conventional treatment may be the most effective in shortening recovery time of body temperature and cough disappearance time. Reduning Injection + conventional treatment may be the most effective in shortening lung shadow disappearance time. There were no serious adverse drug reactions during the treatment in both the experimental and control groups. Due to the limitations of the quality and quantity of the included literature, the above conclusions need to be further validated by more rigorously designed and high-quality RCT.

Bacterial infection severely hinders skin wound healing, highlighting the critical application value of developing antibacterial and anti-inflammatory hydrogel dressings. In this work, we focused on β-glucan from Hericium erinaceus (HEBG) as the research object, and proposed a solvent-induced combined temperature manipulation technique to trigger multilevel self-assembly of β-glucan. Furthermore, we incorporated green synthesized near-infrared photosensitizer tannic acid (TA)/iron (III) complex into the system. A hydrogel with exceptional antibacterial properties, capable of responding to near-infrared photothermal stimuli while exhibiting remarkable stiffness and structural consistency, was successfully synthesized. Under near-infrared radiation, HEBG/TA/Fe hydrogels produced local hyperthermia and exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against bacteria-infected wounds. Moreover, the HEBG/TA/Fe hydrogel demonstrates its ability to regulate cytokines by effectively inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators TNF-α and IL-6, while simultaneously enhancing the expression of cell proliferation factor KI-67 and markers associated with angiogenesis such as CD31 and α-SMA. Notably, the results of tissue staining revealed that the NIR + HEBG/TA/Fe5 hydrogel could effectively promoting granulation and vascularization, improving collagen deposition in infected wounds thereby accelerating the healing process. These findings indicate that mixed hydrogels exhibit potential as viable options for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） for preventing acute mountain sickness（AMS）.Methods: We included randomized controlled trials（RCTs） which evalueded the effect of TCM for preventing AMS, compared with a placebo, no treatment or acetazolamide. The literature was searched in 6major databases. RevMan 5.4 software was used for the meta-analysis. The relative risk for discrete variables and the mean difference for continuous variables with 95% confidence intervals（CIs） were applied to express the effect size. The risk of bias in the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk assessment tool 2.0（RoB 2.0）, and the evidence certainty was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment and the Development and Evaluation（GRADE） approach.Results: Twenty RCTs involving 3015 participants and 16 TCM patent drugs were included. The overall risk of bias in the majority of studies（15/20） was of some concerns. In terms of the AMS incidence,Rhodiola rosea（R. rosea, Hong Jing Tian） and Ginkgo biloba（G. biloba, Yin Xing Ye） were equivalent to the placebo/no treatment [RR（95% CI）: 0.66（0.43-1.01）, 0.82（0.63-1.06）, respectively]. The AMS incidence in the G. biloba group was higher than that in the acetazolamide group [RR（95% CI）: 2.92（1.69-5.06）]. In terms of improving the AMS symptom score on days 1 and 3 in the plateau, R. rosea and G. biloba were superior to the placebo or no treatment [MD（95% CI）:-0.98（-1.71,-0.25）,-2.05（-3.14,-0.95）, respectively]. The other 14 Chinese patent medicines were evaluated in a single trial, and the majority of the results were negative. The subgroup analysis showed that the effect of R. rosea was related to the intervention time, way of ascending, and altitude.Conclusion: R. rosea and G. biloba were effective in improving AMS symptoms but had no effect in reducing the AMS incidence. There was insufficient evidence to support the use of other TCM patent drugs to prevent AMS. More randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials are warranted to evaluate and screen effective Chinese patent medicines for AMS prevention.

The clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine is an important direction in the evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), which positively promotes the development of TCM industry. The evaluation system of Chinese patent medicine is helpful to comprehensively evaluate the clinical value of different Chinese patent medicine in the same category, different dosage forms, and specifications, from different manufacturers on the basis of evidence and value. The establishment of a scientific and reasonable comprehensive evaluation index system for Chinese patent medicine is an important prerequisite to ensure clinical value. However, there has been neither a recognized systematic review on the clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine nor a methodological system used for reference. The evidence and value: impact on decision-making(EVIDEM), developed by the international research team, is used to evaluate the comprehensive value of medical interventions. EVIDEM provides a methodological tool for scientific decision-making to evaluate evidence and value for health technologies on the basis of the multi-criteria decision analysis(MCDA) model and health technology assessment(HTA). Based on the ongoing EVIDEM research, the present study put forward that EVIDEM-based clinical comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine consisted of four aspects, seven modules, and ten steps, which is expected to references and practical experience for the follow-up comprehensive evaluation of Chinese patent medicine in the TCM field.

Objective: This study investigated the COVID-19-prevention knowledge and practices of healthcare workers (HCWs), their psychological states concerning the return to work, and their trust and requirements in using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to prevent and treat COVID-19. It is hoped that the study can serve as a reference for policy making during the resumption of work in other countries or regions experiencing similar situations. Methods: This study comprised a quantitative cross-sectional online survey design. Purposive sampling and Cluster sampling were used to recruit all HCWs working in public hospitals in Huangzhou District, Huanggang City, Hubei Province, China. From April 23 to May 14, 2020, surveys were sent electronically to all 13 public hospitals in this area. Results: In total, 2,079 responses were received and 2,050 completed forms were included. After analysis, 47.9 and 46.6% of HCWs indicated that they possessed very good knowledge or good knowledge of preventative measures, respectively. Multivariable log-binomial regression indicated that male, tertiary hospital, medical staff, and undergraduate/postgraduate qualification were associated with good knowledge. Good knowledge was also well-correlated with good practice (OR: 3.277; 95% CI: 2.734–3.928; P < 0.01). 59.8% of HCWs reported worries about resuming work; especially asymptomatic infections. The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) indicated that 10.8% of participants had mild anxiety, 1.5% moderate anxiety, and 0.1% severe anxiety. Female, divorced/widowed, and working in a high risk hospital (the Huangzhou District People's Hospital was used for throat swab examinations of returning workers) were risk factors for concerns about resuming work and anxiety symptoms. However, good preventive knowledge was a protective factor for anxiety. HCWs' trust in using TCM to treat COVID-19 was significantly higher than their trust in using TCM for prevention (P < 0.001). Regarding preferences for preventative TCM products, oral TCM granules were the most preferred (62.4%). HCWs also indicated they wanted to know more about the clinical efficacy, applicable population, and adverse reactions of preventative TCM products (89.3, 81.1, and 81.4%, respectively). Conclusion: While HCWs had good knowledge of COVID-19 preventative measures, this did not eliminate the psychological impact of resumption of work. Promotion of COVID-19 prevention knowledge reduces the risk of infection, and alleviates the worries and anxiety symptoms of HCWs about resuming work (especially in administrative staff, those with low education, and those working in primary hospitals). Additional psychological support is required for female HCWs, divorced/widowed HCWs, and those working in high-risk hospitals. Finally, systematic trials of preventative TCM products are recommended.

目的:建立缺血性脑卒中动物模型后,动态观察动物模型疾病发生后不同时间窗的证候,明确模型动物气虚证出现的时间窗.方法:首先依据临床意义相似性,将临床脑卒中及气虚证的诊断指标进行等效转化,建立动物模型诊断指标,再采用线栓法建立缺血性脑卒中动物模型后,动态采集动物气虚证诊断相关指标,对各阶段模型的气虚证特征数据进行分析、聚类以及检验.结果:动物模型气虚证诊断指标包括宏观表征、旷场、抓力及体质量.线栓法造模后模型组动物神经缺损严重程度评分均＞0分,大脑TTC染色可见模型组大脑出现明显白色梗死区域,脑卒中造模成功.疾病发生后第2、3周,模型组大鼠较假手术组体质量、抓力显著降低(P＜0.01),宏观表征见模型组大鼠毛发凌乱,精神不振,身体蜷缩,饮食饮水量减少,部分动物可见后肢颜色改变.术后第4周,模型组较假手术组体质量及抓力仍有显著降低(P＜0.05),但宏观表征可见模型组大鼠毛发稍凌乱,精神活跃,饮食饮水量较第2、3周模型组有所增加,但不及假手术组.结论:大脑中动脉线栓法制备的缺血性脑卒中大鼠模型术后第2、3周符合气虚证诊断,术后第4周模型组气虚表现减轻.

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Lonicerae japonicae flos (LJF) is a traditional Chinese medicine with the function of heat-clearing and detoxifying. And it is the sovereign drug in Si-Miao-Yong-An decoctions to treat heart failure in clinics. Though the pharmacological effects of LJF are reported widely, the protective effects of LJF on heart failure remain elusive. Emerging evidence exhibits that Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is a common pathological process in several cardiovascular diseases and is closely related to a prognosis of heart failure.Aim of the study: To explore the pharmacological effects of LJF and its main active ingredients Chlorogenic acid (CGA) on heart failure and the concrete mechanisms.Materials and methods: Isoproterenol hydrochloride (ISO) was used to induce MF in C57BL/6 mice. Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) induced neonatal rat-derived cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were treated with different concentrations of CGA. The cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. Cardiac and CFs morphology were examined by pathological staining. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the key regulators of the fibrosis regulatory pathway. Cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results: (1) LJF significantly improved cardiac function in ISO-induced heart failure and cardiac fibrosis. The ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) in LJF (M) and the LJF (H) groups were increased compared with Model group. (2) CGA restrained CF migration and promoted apoptosis. (3) Both LJF and CGA significantly diminished the expression of Col 1, Col 3, α-SMA and inhibited the levels of p38 and TAK1.Conclusion: LJF and CGA could improve MF by inhibiting the TGFβ1-TAK1-p38 signaling pathway. These findings provided a mechanistic underpinning for the cardio protective association of LJF and CGA. More broadly, LJF and CGA may warrant further investigation as novel therapeutic targets in MF.

Review question / Objective: In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinical research literature on TCM constitution of pre-DM was carried out, in order to obtain a larger sample data, discover the types of TCM constitution prone to pre-DM, and provide evidence-based medicine for clinical and scientific research.Condition being studied: According to the research report of International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and American Diabetes Association (ADA), pre-DM is an inevitable stage of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and a huge reserve army for T2DM.The number of DM patients in the world was up to 425 million in 2017, and is expected to reach 629 million in 2045;The global pre-DM population was estimated at 280 million, which is expected to increase to 396 million by 2025.The prevalence of DM in China is 10.9 percent, the highest in the world；The prevalence of pre-DM is increasing yearly, and the growth rate is as high as 35.7%.The pre-DM population increases an individual's absolute risk of developing DM by 3-10 times, with approximately 9% of the pre-DM population developing DM within an average of 34 months.In addition, pre-DM is also considered to be a high risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke and related death.

OBJECTIVE:To assess the effectiveness of Jiuwei Zhuhuang Powder (JWZH), a Tibetan patent medicine in treating upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) associated cough in children. METHODS:The study was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial. A total of 142 children aged 2 to 14 years old, with URTI-associated cough within 48 h of onset, were randomly assigned to two groups at a 1:1 ratio by computer-generated randomization sequence. Children were treated with JWZH (1 to 1.5 g, twice to thrice daily) in the treatment group or conventional treatment (Pediatric Paracetamol, Artificial Cow-bezoar and Chlorphenamine Maleate Granules, 0.25 to 1 g, thrice daily) in the control group for 5 days. The primary endpoints were the time to cough resolution and 4-day cough resolution rate. The secondary endpoints were the daily improvement in symptom scores and cough resolution rate during the study period. RESULTS:A total of 138 children were included in the intention-to-treat analysis, with 71 cases in the treatment group and 67 cases in the control group. Compared with the conventional treatment, the children receiving JWZH had a shorter time to cough resolution [hazard ratio, 2.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.29-3.40; P=0.003]. The median time to cough resolution for children receiving JWZH was shorter than that of the conventional treatment (2 days vs. 3 days; P<0.001). The 4-day cough resolution rate in the JWZH group was higher than that of the control group (94.4% vs. 74.6%; risk difference: 19.8%, 95% CI: 8.1%-31.5%; relative risk: 1.265, 95% CI: 1.088-1.470; P=0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the improvement of other symptoms caused by URTI (P>0.05). Adverse events was reported in 5.6% (4/71) and 4.5% (3/67) in participants of JWZH and PPACCM groups (P>0.05), respectively, which were all mild and resolved without treatment. CONCLUSION:JWZH seemed to be a safe and effective therapy for URTI-associated cough in children. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR2000039421).

Background: The constitutional theory is an important aspect of Tibetan medicine, however a quantitative measurement tool for constitution identification still does not exist. The objective of this study is to evaluate the reliability and validity of a Tibetan medicine constitution scale (TMCS) that consists of three sub-scales and 31 items. Methods: From June to July 2019, 622 people from the general population in Beijing. China, aged 18 to 60 were investigated. We employed Cronbach's alpha (a), split-half reliability, and test-retest reliability to determine the reliability of the scale. The content validity and contract validity of the TMCS were evaluated using factor analysis and correlation analysis based on Tibetan medicine theory. The items were screened according to the reliability test results. Results: After the items were screened. 22 items remained in the scale. The Cronbach's alpha value for the internal consistency reliability of the TMCS was 0.754 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.700-0.761). The correlation coefficient for the two-week test-retest of the total score was 0.726 (95% CI: 0.571-0.834). The split-half coefficient was 0.689 (95% CI: 0.6404.734). The scale can be explained by eight potential factors, including morphological stricture, physiological function, personality, adaptability, etc. The body mass index was negatively correlated with the score of the sub-rlung scale (r = -0.376); slightly positively correlated with the sub-mkhris pa scale (r = 0.099), and positively correlated with the sub-bad kan scale (r = 0.362). Conclusion: The TMCS is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to assess the body constitution of the general population in Beijing, China. Future studies are needed to explore the differences in biological characteristics among the constitutional types and the association between constitution and disease.

Objective. To investigate the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) body constitution and ischemic stroke (IS). Methods. Literature search was conducted in databases including Wanfang database, Chongqing VIP, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Embase, and PubMed from inception to November 16, 2020. Observational studies evaluating the association between TCM body constitution and IS were included for analysis. The distribution of body constitutional types in IS patients was pooled into meta-analysis. The correlation between constitution and IS was presented by the odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI through the comparison between IS and the general population. Results. 41 studies involving 11,211 participants were included. Among the nine constitution types, qi-deficiency constitution (QDC), phlegm-dampness constitution (PDC), and blood stasis constitution (BSC) are the common types, accounting for 25% [0.22, 0.29], 23% [0.20, 0.29], and 17% [0.13, 0.22], respectively, in IS patients. The proportion of PDC and QDC among IS patients is 2.34 times and 3.47 times higher than that in the general population, respectively (OR and 95% CI: 2.34 [1.39, 3.94], 3.47 [1.61, 7.50], respectively). Conclusion. PDC and QDC are the common constitutions in IS patients and may have a potential correlation with the incidence of IS. Due to the low or moderate quality of included studies, more well-designed prospective studies are warranted to further evaluate the relationship between TCM constitutions and IS.

Objective. To explore the distribution of constitution types of diabetes mellitus (DM) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and to provide evidence-based medicine basis for the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Methods. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and three Chinese databases were searched to include research literature on the relationship between diabetes and TCM constitution. The single rate study of cross-sectional literature was conducted with RStudio software, and the control meta-analysis of the diabetic and nondiabetic population was performed with Review Manager 5.3 software. Two independent reviewers assessed the methodological quality of the studies’ data. The main outcomes included the distribution of constitutional types in the diabetic population and the odds ratio (OR) between the two. Effect sizes are expressed as proportions or ORs with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results. A total of 28,781 diabetic cases were included in 87 articles. Yin-deficiency, phlegm-dampness, and qi-deficiency accounted for 18% (95% CI (15%, 20%), P < 0.01 ), 17% (95% CI (15%, 19%), P < 0.01 ), and 13% (95% CI (11%, 15%), P < 0.01 ) of the total diabetic cases. The risk of diabetes in people with yin-deficiency and phlegm-dampness was 3.06 (95% CI (1.38–6.78), P = 0.006 ) and 1.89 (95%CI (1.05–3.42), P = 0.03 ) times higher than that in those with other constitutions, respectively. The distribution of TCM constitution of DM patients varied significantly in different regions and ages. Conclusion. Yin-deficiency and phlegm-dampness are the common constitution types of diabetic people, and they may also be the risk factors of diabetes. Balanced constitution may be a protective factor of diabetes. More high-quality cohort and case-control studies need to be designed to provide more valuable evidence-based basis for assessing the correlation between DM and TCM constitution.

血小板生理病理性变化是造成心血管疾病主要因素之一,抗血小板的相关研究已经成为当前研究心血管疾病的热点.在血小板活化、聚集等过程中,与血栓和炎症反应息息相关,而且其调控机制复杂、药物的作用靶点繁多.临床上,中药的抗血小板作用显著,以及近年中药干预血小板活化与聚集的基础研究也取得了一定成果.文章中主要整理了血小板活化、聚集时常见的调控机制和传统的中药在以血小板为靶点时治疗心血管疾病的研究成果,其中主要为MAPK、PI3K、SFK等机制调控,调节血小板中药以川芎、人参、丹参等研究居多.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate how knowledge and practice of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention measures affected concerns about returning to work among supermarket staff. Attitudes about the ability of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to prevent COVID-19 were also assessed. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Huanggang, Hubei Province, China from April 23 to 25, 2020. Participants were invited to fill out an electronic questionnaire on their cell phones. Results: The results showed that from 2,309 valid questionnaires, 61.5% of participants were concerned about resuming work. Major concerns included asymptomatic infection (85.01%) and employees gathering in the workplace (78.96%). Multivariate logistic regression indicated that the female gender, having school-aged children and pregnancy were risk factors for being concerned about resuming work, while good knowledge and practice of preventive measures were protective factors. Knowledge and practice of preventive measures were positively correlated. Among preventive measures, the highest percentage of participants knew about wearing masks and washing hands. Meanwhile, 65.8% of participants expressed confidence in the ability of TCM to prevent COVID-19, where 74 and 51.3% thought there was a need and a strong need, respectively, for preventive TCM-based products. Among them, 71.5% preferred oral granules. Regarding TCM as a COVID-19 preventative, most were interested in information about safety and efficacy. Conclusion: These findings suggested that promoting knowledge and practices regarding COVID-19 prevention can help alleviate concerns about returning to work. Meanwhile, TCM can feasibly be accepted to diversify COVID-19 prevention methods. Clinical Trial Registration:http://www.chictr.org.cn/, identifier: ChiCTR2000031955.