Fixed photovoltaic systems suffer from reduced irradiance capture and temperature-induced efficiency losses. This study presents the design, experimental evaluation, and numerical modeling of a water-cooled single-axis tracking photovoltaic-thermal system under tropical climate conditions. The system integrates east-west solar tracking with rear-surface water cooling to improve irradiance capture, regulate photovoltaic temperature, and recover useful heat. Outdoor experiments were conducted using a fixed photovoltaic panel as the reference system, and a semi-empirical model was developed and validated using independent test days. Results showed that the tracking system improved irradiance capture, with off-peak irradiance gain reaching 34.6%. The tracking photovoltaic-thermal system maintained surface temperatures within 38.6-60.5 degrees C under irradiance levels of 91.75-1090 W/m2. The system achieved peak electrical, thermal, and gross combined efficiencies of 11.9%, 70.42%, and 82.22%, respectively. After deducting the 5 W cooling-pump demand, the peak combined efficiency remained 76.72%. Second-law analysis showed a peak exergy efficiency of 12.82% and maximum entropy generation rate of 0.244 W/K. Model validation showed strong outlet water temperature prediction, with root mean square error below 0.08 degrees C, mean absolute percentage error below 0.20%, and coefficient of determination above 0.96. Combined efficiency was predicted with root mean square error of 1.48-3.62% and mean absolute percentage error of 1.90-4.58%. Break-even analysis showed that the additional electricity generation required to recover the added tracking and cooling cost decreased from 293.09 kWh/year at a 5-year recovery period to 94.28 kWh/year at a 25-year recovery period. The corresponding net carbon dioxide mitigation decreased from 211.48 to 64.37 kg CO2e/year over the same period. These results confirm that integrating singleaxis tracking with rear-surface water cooling improves photovoltaic-thermal performance under variable tropical outdoor conditions.

The low thermal conductivity of phase change materials (<0.5 W∕m K) restricts heat spreading and limits thermal regulation. Fins can alleviate this by providing conductive pathways, but achieving enhanced thermal performance without adding significant BTMS mass remains a key design challenge. This study develops and optimizes a fin-enhanced PCM BTMS for a cylindrical 18650 cell using paraffin RT-44HC and evaluates fin topology effects under 5C discharge. Three conventional fin types (longitudinal, circular, and pin fins) are first compared, and two hybrid fin concepts are then proposed based on the observed heat-transfer mechanisms. A transient three-dimensional CFD model is established in ANSYS Fluent using the enthalpy-porosity method with buoyancy effects and is validated against experiments. Results show that fin geometry remains decisive even at equal mass. Relative to PCM-only cooling, mean temperature reduction reaches 8.07°C (longitudinal), 10.52°C (circular), and 11.49°C (pin fins), and the time to reach 45°C increases from 250 s to 575–900 s depending on fin type. Among hybrid designs, the circular-pin configuration yields the lowest temperatures and best uniformity, maintaining a maximum surface temperature difference below 1°C and promoting more uniform melting. Parametric optimization identifies an optimal pin diameter of 2 mm and an optimal number of pin fins at 204 based on thermal performance index results. At the thermal control point, the optimized hybrid design reduces thermal resistance by up to 2 K/W relative to PCM-only, lowers maximum temperature by up to 16.56°C, and extends operation within the optimal temperature limit by up to 1175 s.

Solar power prediction is important for effective energy planning and grid stability. However, it is a complex process owing to changing atmospheric conditions and the nonlinear characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) systems. This paper compares the efficacy of various machine learning methods based on their ability to predict solar power by assessing the performance of 6 ensemble models: Extra Trees, Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), LightGBM, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Categorical Boosting. The study uses a high-resolution dataset collected from a PV installation at UTP Solar Research Park, Malaysia, located at a latitude of 4.361 degrees and a longitude of 100.98 degrees. The dataset covers the period from 2 June 2025 to 2 July 2025 and consists of 51,714 samples incorporating time-series, meteorological, and electrical variables, including irradiance, ambient temperature, humidity, PV surface temperature, current, voltage, and power, measured using the site's PV monitoring and data acquisition system. Coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and Akaike information criterion (AIC) are used to evaluate the models' performance. All models showed high predictive power. Nonetheless, RF proved more generalized, with the best test R2 of 0.9849, RMSE of 0.7442 W, MAE of 0.5374 W, and the lowest AIC of 34760.0520. XGBoost yielded the best overall R2 of 0.9949 and a near-perfect training R2 of 0.9999. However, there were considerable differences between the training and testing performances, which implied overfitting. Permutation importance and Shapley Additive Explanations values were consistent in identifying Hour and Humidity as the most significant predictors, while Surface Temperature played a moderate role. The results of the feature importance analysis are consistent with PV and atmospheric principles, suggesting the validity of the models.

This study investigates the performance of bio-based solid-state supercapacitor (SSS) for electric vehicle (EV) application to reduce usage of harmful and non-biodegradable materials in development of electrochemical energy storage. Oil palm empty fruit bunch was carbonized at 900 degrees C and activated at 800 degrees C to derive electrode active material. Sodium alginate (SA) was used as binder, electrolyte and separator. Specific surface area (SSA), porosity, surface morphology, crystal structure, elemental composition, as well as defects and disorder for the derived active material for electrode were determined. KOH-activated carbon (AC_KOH800) achieved higher SSA of 1340 m2g-1 than deep eutectic solvent-activated carbon (AC_DES800) of 154 m2g-1. With KOH electrolyte and brittle glass fibre separator, the specific capacitance of 34.3 Fg-1 at 1.00 Ag-1 for the developed AC_KOH800 electrode surpassed the 19.1 Fg-1 for the developed AC_DES800 electrode. This could be attributed to the higher ions' adsorption on the electrode surface of AC_KOH800 than AC_DES800. SSS exhibited an energy density of 3.77 Whkg-1 at a power density of 65.0 Wkg-1 and capacitance retention rate of 76% after 1000 cycles. Also, SSS exhibited reduced internal resistance at elevated temperature with 1.70 ohm charge-transfer resistance at 85 degrees C. The results indicated that bio-based SSS exhibited low internal resistance at elevated temperature as compared to room temperature due to enhanced ion mobility and conductivity as temperature increases. This highlights the importance of evaluating bio-based supercapacitor at varying temperatures to determine its performance and internal resistance under fluctuating operational temperatures of EV.

This study focused on bPVT collectors integrating CPC and mirrors as reflectors to capture radiation from both the front and rear sides, generating electricity and heat simultaneously. Experimental and analytical methods were used to assess the collector's performance, including electrical, thermal, and overall efficiency. Experimental validation of the bPVT system's thermal model showed partial agreement between theoretical and experimental results. The highest overall energy efficiency achieved was 74.65%, with a temperature output of 49.80 degrees C under a radiation intensity of 798.8 W/m(2) and an optimal mass flow rate of 0.0437 kg/s. Comparisons with prior research indicated the superiority of the integrated bPVT collector, achieving an efficiency of 84.61%, surpassing both monofacial and bifacial PVT air collectors. These findings advance bPVT collector technology, aiding in further design optimisation and integration into sustainable energy solutions.

The optimization of rear aluminum (Al) in silicon (Si) solar cells remains crucial for enhancing photovoltaic performance. This study investigates the effects of laser firing of cured Al paste on the micro-structural, optical and electrical properties in Si solar cells. So, the experiment uses a pulsed Nd:YAG laser with laser powers of 3.3, 15.2, 32.5, and 44.8 W. Electrical characterization shows a significant rise in series resistance (RS) with laser power from 0.346 (untreated) to 0.846 Ω (3.3 W) and 1.052 Ω (15.2 W). The diffusion length also varies, measuring 71.69 (3.3 W) and 68.90 µm (15.2 W), differing from the untreated baseline. Solar cell efficiency declines progressively with increasing laser power: 8.80 (untreated) to 8.52

The major challenge in solar-driven food dehydration is the intermittent and uneven nature of solar radiation, which limits temperature stability and drying efficiency. This study presents a paraffin wax (PW-64)-based composite phase change material (PCM) supported with exfoliated hydrobiotite (EHB) as a thermally conductive and structurally stabilizing medium for solar thermal energy storage (TES). EHB was thermally exfoliated and incorporated into PW-64 at varying weight fractions (0.4-0.7 wt%), producing solid composites with enhanced heat transfer and minimized leakage. Structural, chemical, and thermal characterizations confirmed uniform dispersion, physical compatibility, and improved thermal performance. The PW-64/EHB-0.6 composite exhibited optimal properties, including the highest thermal conductivity (1.599 +/- 0.26 W/m & sdot; K), substantial latent heat retention (78.6 +/- 2.30 kJ/kg), and significant volumetric latent heat storage (91.7 MJ/m3). Leakage tests demonstrated that PW-64/EHB-0.6 composite has good leakage resistance and shape stability confirmed structural integrity at elevated temperature. Integration of the PW-64/EHB-0.6 composite into a solar dryer for strawberry dehydration significantly stabilized chamber temperatures, enhanced moisture removal, and improved overall thermal efficiency to 78.5 +/- 2.0%, compared to 42-56.2% in systems without PCM. These results indicate that the PW-64/EHB composite is a promising, cost-effective TES material that enables reliable, high-performance solar drying under variable solar conditions and outperforms previously reported paraffin-based systems in thermal conductivity, energy storage, and drying efficiency.

This study aimed to overcome the instability and low efficiency of solar drying systems caused by intermittent solar radiation by developing and testing a novel thermal energy storage (TES) approach. A cost-effective sensible heat storage (SHS) composite was formulated from waste metal chips and basalt powder, stabilized with cement at an 80:20 ratio, and integrated into a solar dehydrator for strawberry drying. The system was experimentally evaluated under three operational modes: Case-I (without TES), Case-II (TES chamber without composite), and Case-III (TES chamber with SHS composite), tested in triplicate under identical solar conditions during June-September 2025 in Peshawar, Pakistan. The SHS composite was characterized for crystalline phase (X-ray diffraction, XRD), elemental composition (X-ray fluorescence, XRF), chemical stability (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, FTIR), surface morphology (scanning electron microscopy, SEM), and its thermo-physical properties were measured for conductivity, density, porosity, and volumetric heat capacity. Energy and exergy analyses were performed to assess the quality and reversibility of the TES-integrated dehydrator system. The excellent thermal efficiencies achieved in Case-III with TES chamber efficiency (eta t) of 46 f 2.5 % and drying chamber efficiency (eta ch) of 65.5 f 1.5 % along with reduced drying time from 25 h to 10 hat the highest drying temperature of 85 f 3 degrees C. The environmental and economic assessment studies showed CO2 reductions of around 7.5 kg CO2-eq per TES unit, with annual energy savings of ti$114, demonstrating the system's sustainability and cost-effectiveness, with a significant payback period of 1.2 years. However, variability in waste composition and the need for long-term durability validation under repeated thermal cycling represent potential limitations that need further investigation.

As solar irradiation heats the PV panel, it generates electricity and, as a byproduct, waste heat, raising the operating temperature and effectively reducing PV panel efficiency. Incorporating passive cooling techniques, such as fins, can increase natural convection and reduce operating temperature. The rectangular fin is popular for its efficiency and low cost. However, cooling improvement can be achieved by increasing the fin surface area with an innovative design. This study investigated the use of Y-shaped fins as a passive cooling method to enhance natural convection, thereby improving the management of PV panel operating temperature. This research aims to optimize the fins geometric design through numerical analysis and evaluate their effectiveness through experiments. Results indicated that Y-shaped fins outperform rectangular fins in natural convection. Additionally, the horizontal arrangement of Y-shaped fins dissipated more heat than the vertical setup. To determine the optimal bifurcation angle, 30, 45, 60, and 90 degrees were simulated, with 60 degrees performing best. Experimental results closely matched the simulation outcomes and showed that Y-shaped fins can lower PV panel surface temperatures by up to 3.59 degrees C, leading to a 5.42% increase in relative electrical efficiency and a 5.49% improvement in maximum power output. Separately, a SAM-based techno-economic analysis found that adding Y-shaped fins adds an additional 4 kWh of energy every year and increases performance by 2.47% compared to the bare panel. Several improvements, such as adding perforations, applying radiative paint, and optimizing fin length and spacing, have been identified to further enhance fin performance.

Solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production has attracted significant attention as a sustainable and efficient approach for mitigating the global energy crisis. This review presents an overview of fundamental concepts, experimental setups, and photoanode preparation techniques, including chemical vapor deposition (CVD), electrochemical deposition (ECD), spin coating (SC), hydrothermal synthesis, doctor-blading, spray pyrolysis, dip-coating method, and electrostatic spray deposition .Furthermore, methods for performance evaluation, efficiency calculations, gas evolution measurements, in addition to a range of analytical techniques, such as EDX, XPS, FTIR, SEM/TEM, XRD, DRS, PL, and EIS are discussed to provide insights into material properties and charge transfer kinetics. Key challenges, including limited light absorption, fast charge recombination, material instability, and low solar-to-hydrogen efficiency, are highlighted. Finally, future perspectives emphasize nanostructuring, heterojunction engineering, surface passivation, and integrated modeling approaches to advance the development of durable, efficient, and cost-effective PEC systems for large-scale hydrogen production.

Limited efficacy for solar thermal collectors’ designs remains a challenge. This work uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to examine three Micro-groove channel configurations: a Micro-groove channel, a Micro-groove channel with a swirled ribbon, and a Micro-groove channel with a swirled ribbon and a new square coil. This study aims to assess the thermo-hydraulic characteristics and establish the most efficient design. The proposed photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system employs water and a nanofluid (NF) containing Al₂O₃ at volume concentrations of 0.1% and 0.2% as working fluids. Experimental and numerical evaluations were performed with volume flow ranging from$$\:166\times\:{10}^{-7}\:to\:498\times\:{10}^{-7}$$ m3/second and irradiance intensity of solar from 400 watts/square meter to 1000 watts/square meter. The innovative design, using micro-groove channels and swirled ribbon coil, demonstrates enhanced performance, with a thermal hydraulic performance factor of 1.2. It was experimentally found that electrical efficiency significantly improved, increasing by 37.91% when 0.2% NF was used under ideal flow and irradiance conditions. The system showed a high decrease in PV cell temperature of 32.04 °C and the high-power output of 24.2 W. The findings shed light on the effectiveness of the proposed design in the enhancement of the PVT system.

The complexity of its circular nature of data has limited research on wind direction compared to the linear form of wind speed. Nevertheless, the important role of wind direction is undisputable. This study is purposely to distinguish the best fit probability distribution for Kuala Terengganu’s wind direction data. Then, this probability distribution can be used in determining the best direction that able to capture the highest wind speed in that area. The numerical and graphical presentation of the wind direction will be discussed throughout this paper. Next, the coefficient determination, R2 is examined to ensure the appropriateness of this probability distribution. Finally, the analysis reveals that the wind direction data of Kuala Terengganu fits best with the four number of components (H=4) mixture model of von Mises.

This study conducts numerical and experimental analyses to enhance PV module performance using a novel fin heat sink design. A novel multi-stage interdigitated crimped truncated fin (MSICTF) was developed and attached to a 40 W monocrystalline PV panel. A parametric study was conducted on nine configurations (A1-C3) of aluminium fins, varying in number, height, thickness, and slope angle. The configurations included two rows of short fins and long fins with different numbers of fins; different heights of the short fins (70-150 mm); heights of long fins (120-200 mm); different fin thickness (1-2 mm); different slope-degree angles (30 degrees-60 degrees); and a truncation of 15 mm. The results indicate that the C3 configuration had the optimum geometry, with 15 short fins (150 mm), 16 long fins (200 mm), a thickness of 2 mm each, and a slope angle of 40 degrees for each fin. The best design reduced surface temperature by 36.8 % and increased electrical output efficiency by 16.75 % when compared to a bare PV. The indoor experiment results validated the obtained data with less than 1 % variation, exhibiting negligible changes. The findings demonstrate that the proposed MSICTF design enhances heat dissipation and PV performance for hot climates.

This study addresses the challenge of enhancing the efficiency of silicon solar cells by investigating the electrical performance of phosphorus-doped silver (Ag-P) pastes used in screen-printed contacts on p-type silicon wafers. Conventional silver (Ag) pastes serve as conductive contacts but lack the ability to simultaneously doped the emitter region, leading to complex fabrication processes and limiting cell efficiency. To overcome this, we explore an in-situ approach using Ag-based paste and phosphoric acid (H3PO4), which combines emitter doping and contact formation, thereby simplifying fabrication while enhancing performance. In this study, both un-doped and phosphorus-doped Ag pastes were screen-printed onto planar, textured, and silicon dioxide-passivated silicon wafers, followed by annealing at 900°C by using a round quartz tube furnace with 45s in and 45s out with a holding time of the 40s. Electrical performance was measured through light-current-voltage (LIV) and quantum efficiency analyses. According to the short circuit current density (JSC) for only Ag-based paste screen-printed on only one-sided (A) and both-sided (B) indicates a higher JSC value of 9.63 mA/cm2 for A meanwhile, sample B gains 7.54 mA/cm2. For comparison, the JSC values for screen-printed Ag-P on only one side (A) and both sides (B) are 10.4 mA/cm² and 10.4 mA/cm², respectively. Thus, the overall efficiency of Ag-P screen-printed on a one-sided Si wafer was 1.65% higher than that of the rest of the samples. However, the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) for Ag-P screen-printed on Si wafer display higher percentages between 80-83% and 63-73% at a wavelength range of 650 to 900 nm than the rest of the samples. The QE measurements reveal that Ag-P paste effectively mitigates surface recombination losses, resulting in higher efficiency and improved charge carrier collection. These findings indicate that Ag-P paste offers a viable alternative to conventional screen-printed contacts by enhancing both device performance and electrical efficiency through integrated doping and contact formation. This work suggests that Ag-P paste could play a vital role in advancing high-performance silicon solar cell technologies.

Traditional liquid cooling systems of containerized battery energy storage power stations cannot effectively utilize natural cold sources and have poor temperature uniformity. To address these problems, a novel hybrid liquid cooling system with three operating modes and a two-phase cold plate is developed. In order to investigate its applicability and performance, the intentioned mismatched conditions are set up and the annual field tests are carried out. The energy-saving effects and thermal management performance are analyzed by investigating the key performance indicators, including the cooling system characteristics and fluctuations in battery temperature (i.e. equipment energy consumption, equipment start-stop state, supply liquid temperature, pipe pressure, and battery temperature uniformity). The results showed that the hybrid cooling system exhibits excellent adaptability to varying outdoor temperatures. At the outdoor temperature of 10 degrees C, the maximum Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) reaches 11.7 with a supply liquid temperature of 25 similar to 28 degrees C. Compared to mechanical cooling, natural cooling is more readily effective in maintaining battery temperature uniformity. When the outdoor temperature becomes 20 degrees C, the system can still use the free cooling with a supply liquid temperature of 22 similar to 25 degrees C. The cooling system can maintain a maximum temperature difference of 4 degrees C during continuous charging and discharging processes throughout different outdoor temperatures. In short, this novel system can effectively make full use of the natural cold source and employ a two-phase liquid cooling system to maintain battery cell temperature uniformity even under mismatched conditions.

The inefficiency of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) collectors remains a substantial challenge. The present study investigates three PVT collector designs via computational fluid dynamics (CFD): a smooth tube serpentine PVT (SCST) collector, a smooth tube serpentine collector with twisted tape (SCST-TT), and a novel collector integrating a smooth tube with a square spring and twisted tape (SCST-TT-SQS). CFD simulations and actual experiments demonstrated that the SCST-TT-SQS design attained enhanced thermal performance. Experimental assessments were performed at water flow rates of 0.0166-0.0498 kg/s and irradiances of 400-1000 W/m2. The SCST-TT-SQS collector decreased surface temperatures to 58.8 degrees C, exceeding SCST-TT (61.78 degrees C) and SCST (63.56 degrees C). At 1000 W/m2, elevated flow rates further decreased surface temperatures, with SCST-TT-SQS attaining a reduction from 53.43 degrees C to 48.85 degrees C. This design exhibited the biggest thermal efficiency of 76.04 % at 1000 W/m2 with a mass flow rate of 0.0498 kg/s. Moreover, electrical efficiency was enhanced by 36.3 % relative to a standard PV system, with output power attaining 23.78 W and cell temperature reducing from 77.9 degrees C to 48.6 degrees C. The SCST-TT-SQS design exhibits significant advances in PVT technology, attaining substantial enhancements in system efficiency and performance.

Photovoltaic thermal (PVT) systems have emerged as dual-purpose technologies, simultaneously generating electricity and utilizing waste heat for enhanced energy efficiency. Despite their potential, elevated photovoltaic (PV) surface temperatures remain a critical challenge, significantly reducing electrical performance. This study presents an innovative PVT system that incorporates dual-directional twisted tape absorbers (clockwise and counterclockwise) combined with nano-enhanced phase change materials (Nano-PCM) for thermal storage. Additionally, silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles were dispersed in water-based nanofluids at concentrations of 0.1 %, 0.3 %, and 0.5 % by volume to enhance thermal conductivity and heat transfer. Experiments were conducted using an indoor solar simulator at a constant irradiance of 800 W/m2. The findings demonstrate that the counterclockwise twisted tape configuration, coupled with Nano-PCM and 0.5% SiC nanofluids, achieved the highest combined efficiency of 96.97 %, including an electrical efficiency of 11.26 % and a thermal efficiency of 85.71 %. This marks a 38 % improvement in electricity generation compared to conventional PV systems, which typically achieve an electrical efficiency of 8.16 %. The integration of advanced absorber geometries with nanomaterials offers superior thermal regulation and heat transfer, establishing a pathway for significantly improving PVT system performance. This research provides a scalable and sustainable solution to enhance the efficiency of renewable energy systems, paving the way for broader adoption in diverse applications.

Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) Solar Collector is an innovative technology that merges photovoltaic and thermal energy generation into a single device. The electrical output of PV systems suffers losses due to temperature rise, and inappropriate cooling methods lead to excessive temperature rises. The power output of conventional absorber tubes is limited due to their poor heat transfer efficiency. Absorber tube design requires optimal optimization through various improvements or advanced materials and passive perturbs to enhance heat extraction while minimizing PV system temperatures and maximizing energy generation for electricity and heating. Solution-focused improvements to this challenge will lead to the development of higher-efficiency PVT systems, achieve economic stability, and increase the adoption of hybrid solar energy. This study explores the impact of hollow twisted ribbon inserts in absorber tubes, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models created in ANSYS to simulate temperature variations and determine the optimum pitch ratio of the inserts. Experimental evaluations were conducted with an indoor solar simulator. Simulation results indicate that the PVT system with hollow twisted ribbon inserts maintains a lower average module temperature (47.23 degrees C) compared to the system without inserts (88.57 degrees C) at 800 W/m2 and 0.04 kg/s, significantly enhancing thermal efficiency across various mass flow rates and irradiance levels. The highest energy transfer rate enhancement (30.05 %) was recorded at a pitch ratio of 0.25 and a mass flow rate of 0.06 kg/s. Experimental data show a drop in the open circuit voltage (Voc) and an increase in the short circuit current (Isc) at higher irradiance levels, with maximum power (Pmax) ranging from 19.97 W to 20.39 W, and a mean module temperature rise to 96.21 degrees C, resulting in a PV efficiency decrease to 8.28 %. At 806 W/m2, from 0.01 kg/s to 0.06 kg/s, the mean module temperature was reduced from 55.23 degrees C to 40.13 degrees C and increased PV efficiency from 6.97 % to 7.78 %. However, efficiency slightly declined at 0.07 kg/s, indicating optimal cooling at 0.06 kg/s.

Due to its high refraction index, silicon (Si) reflects a significant amount of solar light of more than 37% of the sun’s spectral range, particularly when it does not strike the surface perpendicularly. This effect consequentially reduces solar cell efficiency due to electrical and optical losses. Surface texturing is essential for increasing the cells' photon-trapping and absorbing capabilities to improve the efficiency of low-performance solar cells. In this study, pulsed Nd:YAG lasers are used to texturize surfaces of silicon wafers. This procedure is quicker and easier and does not produce waste or pollutants. However, there are some disadvantages to laser texturing; one is that it may lower solar cell efficiency if the damaged layer caused by the laser texturing is not removed. In this study, the laser damage layer is washed off with potassium hydroxide (20%), also known as KOH. This paper also compares the reflectance of laser texturing and wet chemical etching on surfaces of crystalline silicon wafers. The PerkinElmer Lambda 950 UV-VIS-NIR Spectrophotometer results indicate that laser texturing obtains a reflectance of 1% before and 9% after KOH treatment, in contrast to wet chemical etching, which has a reflectance of 16%. Laser texturing showed some efficiency, especially when texturing silicon wafer surfaces in parallel patterns, with a conversion efficiency of about 5% and grid patterns at 7.5%. This successful outcome demonstrates that laser texturing gives silicon solar cells a good alternative to traditional texturing techniques.