This study explores the relationship between person-job fit and job performance mediated by self-reported work effort under the condition of organizational tenure in Indian hotel organizations. A paired sample of 70 supervisors and 210 employees was collected from 11 hotels in Tier 1 and Tier 2 cities in India with the facilitation of hotel management. Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling technique (PLS-SEM) was used for data analysis. The findings reveal that work effort significantly mediated the relationship between person-job fit and job performance, including both in-role and extrarole performances. This mediation was further affected by organizational tenure in that high-tenure employees exhibit a greater level of work effort than low-tenure employees and achieve a greater level of in-role performance than their low-tenure peers. However, low-tenure employees with a lower level of person-job fit seem to show higher levels of extrarole performance than high-tenure peers with a higher level of person-job fit. The theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed.

The current study investigates the critical role of chief executive officer (CEO) narcissism as an important boundary condition that explains the contrasting results of advertising spending on firm performance. To address this point, two studies are conducted from the companies' and consumers' perspectives. Study 1 examines the intangible asset value of advertising by using 352 observations of publicly traded restaurant companies over the past 16 years, revealing that as companies with highly narcissistic CEOs invest a greater amount of advertising, greater firm sales and firm value are induced. To explain the potential reasoning behind the narcissistic CEOs' performance with advertising, Study 2 compares consumer responses to high versus low narcissism-themed ads, assuming that narcissistic CEOs would frequently deliver CEO-narcissistic messages to the end users and that consumers eventually determine firm sales and value. The results reveal that consumers in the high narcissistic ad condition perceive greater CEO self-confidence, ad spending, company size, ad trust, and attitudes toward the ad than those in the low narcissistic ad condition. The conceptual model confirms that CEO narcissism increases consumer perceptions of CEO confidence and ad spending, resulting in greater trust toward the ad and intention to visit the restaurant.

PurposeThis study measured influencer characteristics, consumer emotions, self-construal, and behavioural intentions of Gen Z consumers for selecting fast-food restaurants in India. A consumer behaviour model was conceptualized based on established theories.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional design was employed for hypothesis testing. Influencer characteristic perceptions, consumer emotions, self-construal, and behavioural intentions were measured for Gen Z consumers in Tier 1 cities in India using structural equation modelling.FindingsInfluencer characteristics significantly influenced behavioural intentions, consumer emotions, and self-construal in Gen Z consumers. Self-construal was also a significant predictor of behavioural intentions. Consumer emotions had a negative effect on behavioural intentions. Self-construal was a mediator between influencer characteristics and behavioural intentions and between consumer emotions and behavioural intentions. However, consumer emotions did not mediate the relationship between influencer characteristics and behavioural intentions.Practical implicationsMarketers can leverage these insights to design influencer campaigns that resonate with the emotions and self-construal of Gen Z consumers. Microinfluencers with characteristics that align with the target demographic’s emotions and self-perception can be strategically chosen.Originality/valueOnly a limited number of studies have investigated the influence of social media marketing on consumer behaviour within the fast-food industry, specifically with Gen Z consumers. This study sheds new light on the behavioural intention of Gen Z consumers predicted through influencer characteristics, consumer emotions, and self-construal through a conceptual model. The results support choosing microinfluencers and investing in them judiciously to promote fast-food businesses.

Resilience as a personal and organizational resource helps employees cope with work stress and improve performance. Applying job demands - resources theory with a sample of 112 hospitality management faculty in India, this study explored the relationship between resilience and faculty performance and the effects of work engagement and affective commitment in the resilience-performance relationship. The results showed that resilience positively affects faculty performance and leads to stronger affective commitment and work engagement. Both work engagement and affective commitment demonstrated positive mediating effects on the resilience-performance relationship. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed for resilience development for faculty well-being and performance.

This study examined how service quality by institutes of hospitality management (IHM) in India affected hotel recruiters’ behavioral intentions of returning to campus for sustained recruitment activities. It further examined the underlying mechanisms of service value perceived by hotel recruiters, affected by the sacrifice made by hotel recruiters, as well as the satisfaction of hotel recruiters with IHM service quality and their behavioral intentions. A sample of 132 hotel recruiters from four international and domestic hotel organizations in India participated in a survey. Outcomes of structural equation modeling revealed that service quality, service value, and satisfaction were all predictors of behavioral intentions of the hotel recruiters. Sacrifice of hotel recruiters positively influenced their service value; service value perceived by hotel recruiters and their satisfaction were positively impacted by service quality; satisfaction and service value were the significant underlying mechanisms between service quality and behavioral intentions; and the relationship between service value and satisfaction was insignificant. These findings emphasize that IHMs improve performance by developing effective administrative policies and procedures that enhance the hiring intentions of hotel recruiters and in turn can elevate the reputation of the institutions with closely aligned academia-industry collaborations to achieve the sustainable development goals related to quality education.

In evaluating the service quality of hospitality education, few studies have considered the perspectives of faculty. This study measured how service quality, service value, sacrifice, and satisfaction affected faculty's behavioral intentions. A survey was conducted with a sample of 134 faculty members from top institutes of hotel management in India. Results showed that service quality had a significant positive indirect impact and total impact on the behavioral intentions of the faculty in institutes of hotel management; that satisfaction had a significant positive direct impact on behavioral intentions, as well as a significant mediating impact on the relationship between service quality and behavioral intentions; and that service value had a significant mediating impact on the relationship between service quality and behavioral intentions. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

This study examined the mediator effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the relationship between green transformational leadership (GTL) and green performance (GP) in restaurant management in North Cyprus. A sample of 292 employees in small and medium-sized restaurants was collected in four major cities in North Cyprus. Structural equation modeling was used to test the direct relationship between GTL and GP, and the mediated indirect relationship between GTL and GP. Results showed that CSR had a mediating effect on the relationship between GTL and GP, although there was no direct relationship between them. This study identified the critical linkage of CSR principles in connecting restaurant managers’ GTL with organizational GP by employees (e.g., waste management, energy efficiency, local sourcing, reuse, and recycling) in ecologically sensitive island destinations. Theoretical and practical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Extant research indicates that trade shows provide business organizations an important platform to obtain competitive information and improve new product development; yet, only a scarcity of research has examined the effect of knowledge spillovers at trade shows and its impacts on firms' innovations. This study examined the effect of trade show strategy on innovation intention and innovation capability directly and indirectly, through the mediation of knowledge spillover at trade shows; it also analyzed the effect of innovation intention on firms' innovation capability at fieldconfiguring events, such as major trade shows. The sample consisted of 443 exhibitors at the China (Shenzhen) International Cultural Industries Fair. Findings revealed that exhibitors' trade show strategy directly affected their innovation capability, and knowledge spillover mediated the effect of trade show strategy on innovation intention, which exerted an impact on firms' innovation capability. This study indicates that, in addition to leveraging trade shows as marketing and sales venues for firms' products and services, trade shows can be used as a strategy for seeking new knowledge from competitor firms through knowledge spillover and for improving a firm's innovative ability; moreover, knowledge spillover at trade shows can affect a firm's innovation. The implication for firms participating in trade shows is to leverage the temporary clustering of people and products for the strategic purpose of knowledge acquisition and innovation.

Facing the global challenges of building a sustainable and equitable economy, hotel multinational corporations (MNCs) have leveraged their extensive global reach and business skills to guide local communities through the implementation of global corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies. Our study explored the alignment of global CSR strategy by two hotel MNCs-Hilton Worldwide and Marriott International-using an institutional logics framework. Based on a two-country case study of China and Turkey, we uncover the mechanisms of implementation for alignment between MNC headquarters and affiliated hotels in host countries, where a plurality of logics interact and collide with the global CSR logic. We examine the dimensions of plurality of logics in the process of local implementation and unveil novel insights on logic reconciliation and activation to support systemic and transformative change through global CSR strategies of MNCs. We offer theoretical and practical implications and future research directions.

Most studies on tourism destination competitiveness examined the direct relationships of destination attributes and destination competitiveness. Few studies explored the intervening mechanisms between destination attributes and competitiveness. This study selected cities above the "alpha" level in the Globalization and World Cities Research Network rankings as samples to examine the relationship between local demand and urban tourism competitiveness mediated by the quality of place. Results showed that the relationship between urban wealth and tourist arrivals was completely mediated by the quality of place, while the mediating effect was not significant in the relationship between urban wealth and per capita tourism spending, though per capita tourism spending was directly and positively associated with urban wealth. In other words, richer cities had a higher quality of place, and a higher quality of place attracted more tourists but did not increase tourism per capita spending. Furthermore, the study found that there were two opposite influence paths of city size on urban tourism competitiveness. Although urban tourism competitiveness was directly and positively affected by population, the population had a significant negative effect on urban tourism competitiveness mediated by the quality of place. Through the quality of place, we can be aware of the indirect negative effect suppressed by the direct positive effect. This study revealed that the quality of place helped to better understand the competitiveness of urban tourism.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine scholarly impact which is critical to universities in their aspiration to create, disseminate and apply knowledge. However, scholarly impact is an elusive concept. First, the authors present a conceptual model to clarify different dimensions of scholarly impact (i.e. theory and research, education, organizations and society) and four key stakeholders (i.e. other researchers, students, practitioners and policy makers). Second, the authors provide actionable recommendations for university administrators, researchers and educators on how to enhance impact. The scholarly impact model is flexible, expandable, scalable and adaptable to universities in different regions of the world and with different strategic priorities. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a general review of the literature and offered a multidimensional and multistakeholder model of scholarly impact to guide future actions aimed at enhancing scholarly impact. Findings The authors describe the multidimensional and multistakeholder nature of the critical and yet elusive concept of scholarly impact. The authors delineate multiple dimensions of impact, different stakeholders involved and recommendations for enhancing scholarly impact in the future. Practical implications The authors offer practical and actionable recommendations on how to enhance scholarly impact. For university administrators, the authors recommend aligning scholarly impact goals with actions and resource-allocation decisions; ensuring that performance management and reward systems are consistent with impact goals; being strategic in selecting a journal list; developing a strong doctoral program; and promoting practical knowledge and applications. For researchers and educators, the authors recommend developing a personal scholarly impact plan; becoming an academic decathlete; finding ways to affect multiple impact dimensions simultaneously; and leveraging social media to broaden impact on external stakeholders. Implementing these recommendations will benefit other researchers, students, practitioners (e.g. managers, consultants) and policy makers. Originality/value The authors provide an innovative way of conceptualizing scholarly impact. In turn, the conceptual analysis results in actionable recommendations for university administrators, researchers and educators to enhance impact.

This study investigates the impact of temporal landmarks on consumers' travel motivation and intention through three experimental studies. Results demonstrate that being reminded of public and personal temporal landmarks can boost consumers' travel motivation, with the effect driven by consumers' perception of deservingness. The effect of temporal landmarks on travel motivation was shown to be weakened when consumers were confronted with goal conflicts attributed internally to consumers themselves, but not those attributed externally to others. We provide evidence that perceptions of deservingness influence travel intention, and these perceptions are influenced by both temporal landmarks and goal conflicts that are internally attributed.

Purpose Applying affect-as-information theory, this research analyzed the relationship of leader affective presence and employee proactive customer service performance (PCSP) in hospitality organizations. It further explored when and how leader affective presence influenced employee PCSP. Design/methodology/approach Taking a sample of 110 teams with 361 pairs of leaders and employees in Chinese hotels, a moderated mediation model was tested across individual and team levels using hierarchical linear modeling. Findings This study found that leader positive affective presence (LPAP) had a positive effect on employee PCSP, whereas leader negative affective presence (LNAP) had a negative effect on employee PCSP. Employee prosocial motivation mediated the relationship between leader affective presence and employee PCSP. The employee power distance value weakened the LNAP–employee prosocial motivation relationship, which subsequently mitigated the negative indirect effect of LNAP on employee PCSP through employee prosocial motivation. Research limitations/implications The sample was drawn from one hotel group in China, which may limit external validity. Practical implications Hospitality organizations should emphasize the affective traits of leaders in employee initiatives. Leader affective presence should be considered during recruitment and promotion. Management should pay more attention to employee emotional management and value alignment. Originality/value The findings provide deeper insight into the role of LPAP and LNAP in influencing employees’ PCSP. It sheds new light on the mechanisms and conditions through which leader affective presence might heighten or hinder employee PCSP.

Since China embarked on its economic reform in 1978, it has spent the last 40 years pursuing an aggressive economic development strategy. The private sector, made up largely of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), comprised 90 percent of all businesses, which accounted for 60 percent of Gross Domestic Product and 50 percent of China’s fiscal revenue, while providing 80 percent of jobs in the cities (Meng, 2018). It was reported that China had 65.79 million individually owned businesses and 27.26 million private enterprises by the end of 2017 (Meng, 2018). The private sector, particularly the SMEs, has been a major force for economic growth and business innovation in China. As the Chinese economy matured in the last decade, China witnessed the burgeoning development of social entrepreneurship to fill the gaps in social services by creating employment opportunities and solving public problems, thus promoting work integration and social well-being in the local community. Chinese entrepreneurs were first exposed to the concept of social entrepreneurship in 2004 at several international conferences in China (FYSE, 2012). It was not until 2006 when How to Change the World by David Bornstein was translated and published in China that it inspired a new generation of Chinese social entrepreneurs, particularly, many who worked with nonprofit organizations (NPOs) providing charitable services in China. Due to the political and regulatory constraints then, most NPOs in China did not have the resource independence or legal status to take on many different social issues. Therefore, social enterprise emerged as a new organizational form for serving social, economic, and environmental needs through profitable commercial operations (Wang, Duan, & Yu, 2016). This organizational form is now considered an important direction for transforming NPOs. Earlier social entrepreneurs were challenged by the lack of regulatory support due to the absence of any legal frameworks and public recognition (Bhatt, Qureshi, & Riaz, 2019). Social entrepreneurs had to register as any other business enterprise and received no tax incentives. In addition, funding

Abstract With contemporary cultural transformation and the expansion of consumption, tourism has been elevated to embodied consumption of the entire tourist destination. This study examined the case of Liangshan in the Shandong province – the birthplace of the famous story of Water Margin in Chinese classical literature – to construct an analytical framework for the consumption of literary tourism. Using data collected from personal interviews and online blogs and analyzed by content analysis, this study determined the relational structure of literary tourist embodied consumption. Research findings revealed that the existence of literary works as a ‘preconstruction’ or ‘preunderstanding’ was an expectation of literary tourists. There were different dimensions of embodied consumption of literary tourism, which were interdependent and mutually permeating. Perception, imagination, understanding, and emotion are mutually evocative in the multisensory experience of a literary tourism place. This study contributes to theory by providing further understanding of literary tourists’ aesthetic experience of embodied consumption and offers implications for literary tourism resource development, local destination brand marketing, and the inheritance of humanistic values.

This study aims to explore the moderating roles Of supervisor-subordinate guanxi and employee creativity in the perceived organizational support-organizational commitment-turnover intention link in the Chinese hotel organizations. Using a matched sample of 85 supervisors and 249 subordinates from 13 hotels in Shenzhen, China, we found that both supervisor-subordinate guanxi and employee creativity altered the relationships of perceived organizational support, affective commitment and employee prequitting behaviors. A significant conditional direct effect of perceived organizational support on prequitting behaviors was moderated by low supervisor subordinate guanxi. Furthermore, a significant conditional indirect relationship between perceived organizational support and prequitting behaviors was found at high employee creativity. Moreover, interactive effect of affective commitment and employee creativity exerted a significant negative effect on prequitting behaviors. Findings shed light on the changing traditional values in modern management practices and the conditions under which organizations can improve employee retention. Theoretical and practical implications for talent management are discussed.

Authenticity and postmodern authenticity are often regarded as contradictory, and the two are rarely considered simultaneously by researchers. Taking as research cases two Chinese World Heritage Sites, Kaiping watchtowers in Guangdong province and Yongding earth building in Fujian province, this study constructed a relationship model of perceived authenticity, existential authenticity, and loyalty by examining the effects of tourists' perceptions of the authenticity of tangible and intangible heritage on tourists' existential authenticity and destination loyalty, as well as the relationship between existential authenticity and destination loyalty. Building upon the relationship model, this study further examined the moderating role of postmodern authenticity on the relationship between perceived authenticity and existential authenticity. Results indicated that postmodern authenticity moderates the influence of architectural heritage on existential authenticity: the higher the level of postmodern authenticity, the lower the effect. Theoretical and management implications are discussed.

Using a vacation town of Shanghai Disney Resort as a case, this study analyzed the demand spillover effect by measuring the market power of the hotels. The findings revealed that the scope of demand spillover in space was mainly concentrated in the Shanghai city proper, but showed multi-point spread from Shanghai Disney Resort, Hongqiao transportation hub and central business district. Temporally, the hotel market power in different locations did not change in synchrony, but exhibited the characteristics of ebb and flow. This type of spatial-temporal change suggested that it was not only the geographical distance that affected the demand spillover effect, but also the function of the location itself. This study further demonstrated a simple and feasible method for using market power to analyze the spatial-temporal process of demand spillover effect. Implications for management and policy are discussed.