European immigrants at the turn of the twenty century initially established their enclaves in central cities, but gradually moved to suburban areas as they achieved assimilation and social mobility. Post-1965 Asian immigrants followed the same pattern of spatial assimilation, moving from central-city enclaves to suburban areas. However, Chinese, Korean and Vietnamese groups have established their enclaves in suburban areas. Suburban enclaves have advantages over central-city enclaves in their electoral politics and preservation and promotion of ethnic culture. But no social scientist has paid attention to this social phenomenon. This paper compares Korean ethnic enclaves in Queens, New York City with suburban Korean enclaves in Bergen County, New Jersey to examine the advantages of suburban enclaves. The findings show that as expected Korean suburban enclaves give Koreans huge advantages over those in Queens in electoral politics, preservation of Korean culture, and the installment of Korean "comfort women" statues.

Transnational Cultural Flow from Home examines New York Korean immigrants’ collective efforts to preserve their cultural traditions and cultural practices and their efforts to transmit and promote them to New Yorkers by focusing on the Korean cultural elements such as language, foods, cultural festivals, and traditional and contemporary performing arts.

This paper examines Korean-black relationships in Greater New York in the past and at present. It also provides the author’s suggestions to improve the relationships between the two communities in the future. Korean immigrants encountered severe business-related conflicts with black customers in black neighborhoods during the 1980-1995 period. Their business-related conflicts have disappeared since the mid-1990s, as they stopped their business activities there. But the Korean community is residentially highly segregated from and has maintained only a moderate level of interactions with the black community. To strengthen the ties with the black community, Korean immigrants need education on blacks’ history and their current suffering of structural racism.