RNA-based and RNA-targeting therapeutics have emerged as an important component of modern medicine development. Here, Nature Chemical Biology speaks to Maria Duca, Samie Jaffrey and Ling-Ling Chen about the most promising breakthroughs and the persistent technical hurdles involved in translating basic RNA research into clinical therapies. We discuss how emerging technologies, strategic funding and cross-sector collaborations are essential to overcome current bottlenecks and advance the clinical application of RNA-centered medicines.

Approximately, 1.2 million deaths occur each year from chronic kidney disease worldwide. The incidence is increasing and current treatments have limited efficacy. Many patients with kidney disease inevitably end up with kidney replacement therapy. mRNA has revolutionized the world of molecular therapy and spotlighted the attention of the medical community on its potential clinical application. Currently, mRNA-based therapies have started to emerge in the kidney field. In this review, we describe recent advances in renal mRNA-based therapies and discuss future possibilities for using mRNAs to treat kidney diseases.