Research Interests Dr Soulard's research focus is within modelling and design of electric machines especially permanent magnet synchronous motors and generators. This expertise includes: * Impact of manufacturing on electric machines performances * Impact of manufacturing on electrical steel properties locally in rotor and stator laminations * Losses and thermal modelling of electric machines * Finite-element simulation of electric machines * Design tools for PM machines * Three-phase line-start permanent magnet synchronous motors * Field-weakening of permanent magnet motors * Concentrated windings applied to direct-driven drive systems * Fractional-conductor windings for large AC machines * Soft magnetic composites in electric machines * Transverse-flux machines